A. 高校 科學 (生物·地球科學) 및 數學科 探究學習의 評價模型 定立과 評價紙 開發

李相協,權炳奎,林在圭,孫文求,吳岱燮,楊洪準,梁承榮,姜用熙,林成圭,金正遠,金吉民,兪正在 경북대학교 과학교육연구소 1982 科學敎育硏究誌 Vol.6 No.-

Currently the evaluation of high school science and mathematics learning has been too much knowledge-centered without concerning the inquiring ability or scientific attitude. This study, therefore, was made for the purpose of establishing of evaluation model for high school science (biology and earth science) and mathematics learning and its evaluation items. In this paper, the research was done about three fields, biology, earth science and mathematics. 1. For the biology, the evaluation methods of inquiry learning were studied with the foreign references, and proper evaluation items were suggested. 2. For the earth science, after analizing 5 kinds of earth science textbook of current using in high school, essential 19 items were selected. 5 of them were tested in test group and control group, then, the results were analized. 3. For the mathematice, the teaching elements of「Set」and「Flow chart」in mathematics (Ⅰ) were selected and structured. Detailed teaching objects were established and evaluation items were introduced.

가족기능도지수(Family APGAR Scores)에 관한 기초조사 연구

강성규,윤방부,이혜리,이동배,심운택 대한가정의학회 1984 Korean Journal of Family Medicine Vol.5 No.12

우리나라 직업성 암의 역사와 현황

강성규 東國大學校醫學硏究所 2002 東國醫學 Vol.9 No.1

우리나라에서 암으로 인한 사망이 점차 증가 추세에 있다. 1999년 전체 사망자 중 22.3%(246,539명 중 55,005명)가 암으로 인해 사망하였는데 직업성 폭로가 몇 가지 암의 발생에 기여한다고 알려져 있다. 모든 암의 4% 혹은 폐암의 10%가 직업성 폭로에 의한다고 가정한다면 연간 2,000명이 넘는 암환자가 발생할 수 있지만, 현재까지 기대한만큼 직업성 암의 보고느 많지 않다. 공식적으로 우리나라에서 직업성 암의 발생을 처음으로 보고한 것은 1992년 석면포 공 장에서 근무한 근로자에서 석면에 폭로되어 발생한 중피종의 경우였다. 이어서 많은 직업성 암의 보고가 있었는데, 석면, 크롬, 배출가스, 코크스로배출물, 실리카 등에 의해 발생하는 폐암, 벤젠이나 다른 유기용제에 폭로되어 발생하는 백혈병, 벤조딘솔트에 폭로되어 발생하는 방광암 등 다양하였다. 1992년 부터 11개의 발암물질에 폭로되었던 근로자에서 직업성 암을 조기에 인지하기 위해 퇴직후 건강검진이 시작되었다. 그렇지만 지금까지 퇴직후 건강검진을 통해 밝혀진 직업성암은 아직 없다. 1992년부터 한국근로복지공단은 산업안전보건연구원에 직업성 암에 대한 105건의 심의를 요청하였고, 그중 29건이 직업성 암으로 인정되었다. 이중에는 13건의 폐암, 6건의 혈액암, 6건의 중피종이 있었다. 결론적으로 직업성 암은 잠복기가 길고 일잠적으로 퇴직후에 발견하는 경우가 많기 때문에 직업성 암을 인지하기 위해서는 특별한 관심이 필요하다. The proportion of cancer as a cause of death in Korean has been continuously incresing. In 1999, 22.3%(55,005 of 246,539) of death were caused by cancer. Occupational exposure would have contributed to the development of some cancers. It would have accounted for more than 2,000 cancers in a year if 4% of all cancer or 10% of lung cancer was regarded as arising from the work environment. However, occupational cancer has not been reported as much as expected. The first case of occupational cancer reported officially was mesothelioma caused by asbestos exposure at an asbestos textile industry in 1992. Following the report, many cause of occupational cancers have been reported such as lung cancer due to exposure to asbestos, chromium, exhaust gases, coke oven emissions, and silica, as well as leukemia due to exposure to benzene or other solvent and bladder cancer arising from exposure to benzidine salts. The Health Examination for retirees has been conducted since 1992 in order to detect occupational cancer early in workers who have been exposed to 11 carcinogenic substances. However, to date no occupational cancer has been detected through the Retirees' Health Examination. To date the Korea Labor Welfare Corporation (KLWC) has referred 105 claims for occupational cancer to the Korea Occupational Safety and Health Agency (KOSHA) from 1992. Twenty-nine cases were accepted, including 13 cases of lung cancer, six cases of hematopoietic cancer and six cases of mesothelioma. In conclusion, special attention is required to detect occupational cancer due to their long latency period and the fact they are usually found after retirement.

중등학교 현장 물리교육의 현황과 개선방안

강정우,고영옥,강성진,김규용,박규은 濟州大學校 師範大學 科學敎育硏究所 1996 科學敎育 Vol.13 No.-

To investigete the obstacles of developing physics education in secondary schools and the countermeasure in present situtation, I distributed subject - description style answer sheets to middle & high school teachers in Cheju, which consist of 28 detail subjects under the big 8 themes. The recovery rate is 75%, and now I'm describing the result. According to the themes, total frequency is like this : Derection of Physics Leaming(412), Administration of Physics Facilities and Other Elements(298), Administration of Physics Education(268), Contents of Text( 183), Events of Science(163), Guiding of Students(l23), Grade and Evaluation of Students(101), 6th Education Cumculum(86). It suggests as the improvement that experiment training for teachers be reinforced, programs about new physicse teaching menthod be introduced, teachers try to motivate the students in class, teaching material for students?advanced learning be developed, usage of teaching material be presented, qualified experiment assistant be arranged and no less than two laboratories be provided by school unit and hours of teaching on physics teacher lessen. Besides, science events need to be held for every student by school unit, which should be eximined about when and how they would be he held.

디메칠포름아미드에 의한 간기능 장해에 관한 연구

강성규,장재연,이경용,정호근 大韓産業醫學會 1991 대한직업환경의학회지 Vol.3 No.1

To investigate the liver dysfunction among workers exposed to dimethylformamide, 24 workers were examined on the liver transaminases and the urine metabolite. The results were as follows: 1. Nine of 24 workers examined had abnormal values in serum aspartate aminotransferase(AST), 5 in serum alanine aminotransferase (ALT), 1 in Υ-glutamyl transferase(Υ-GT). The possibilties of hepatitis due to other causes were excluded by the viral serologic tests and other results. 2. The urinary excretion values of N-methylformamide(NMF), metabolite of dimethylformamide(DMF) were over biological exposure index(BEI) in 4 of 24 workers. 3. The air concentration of dimethylformamide was over threshold limit values(TLV-TWA) in 1 of 5 workers sampled by personal air sampler. 4. The correlation coefficients between age, working part and the values of liver transaminases were not statistically significant.

家族機能度指數(Family APGAR Scores)에 關한 基礎調査 硏究

姜星圭,沈雲澤 충남대학교 의과대학 지역사회의학연구소 1985 충남의대잡지 Vol.12 No.1

This study was investigated the Family APGAR. Scores which was introduced in 1978 as a utilitarian screening instrument for family function by Dr. Smilkstein. The Family APGAR Index Questionnaire consisted of five items : adaptation, partnership, growth, affection and resolve. The Index Score is ranged from 0 to 10 and is divided into three groups; severly dysfunctional 0-3, moderately dysfunctional 4-6, and highly functional 7-10, for evaluating the family function. For this study, 466 high school students were chosen and divided into two groups; Three-choice response format group (Group I) and five-choice response format group (Group Ⅱ ). For comparison, 200 reformatory students whose age were similar to the Group I were selected. The retest was carried out after an interval of two weeks to Group I . The results of this study are as follows. 1. In Group I, the mean Family APGAR Score is 5.45±2.17. The range of inter-item correlations are 0.18-0.34 and item to total correlations are 0.55-0.63. 2. In Group I , 31.4;% belongs to highly functional families, 48.3% moderately dysfunctional families and 20.3% severely dysfunctional families by Smilksteins' classification. 3. The three-choice response format results in good scale qualities and is simpler although fivechoice response format yields some improvement in psychometric qualities of the instrument. 4. The difference in Family APGAR Scores between high school students group and reformatory students group is statistically significant (P<0.01). 5. The coefficiency of test-retest reliability after and interval of two weeks is 0. 3225, which is statistically significant (P<0.001). As a result, this study suggested the possibility that the Family APGAR Scores could be applied to the Korean for evaluating family function.

직업적 유기용제 중독 사례

강성규 가톨릭대학산업의학센타 산업의학연구소 2002 韓國의 産業醫學 Vol.41 No.1

Work Environment Measurements by law have been biannually performed more than 10,000 measurements to workplaces, where organic solvents were using and 2% of measured cases were reported to show the results above the Threshold Limit Values(TLVs) recommended by the Ministry of Labor. It seems that the classical organic solvents poisonings have continuously declining in Korea according to the official statistics reports. However, many unexpected occupational diseases by organic solvents came out continuously. Carbon disulfide poisoning at a viscose rayon factory produced more than 900 occupational diseases including 50 and more death. The typical carbon disulfide poisoning showed microaneurysm in retina, glumerulosclerosis, multiple cerebral infarction and etc. The cerebrovascular diseases were predominant in Korean victime of carbon disulfide poisoning, while cardiovascular diseases were predominant in Western workers. Outbreak of the reproductive disorder by 2-bromopropane, which was used to wash electronic equipment, was reported in 1995 for the first time. Many cases of hematopoietic disorder such as acute myelocytic leukemia(AML), myelodysplastic syndrome(MDS) and etc have been reported even under 10 ppm of benzene, which is the current TLVs in Korea. Chronic toxic encephalopathy and demyelinating diseases by toluene and peripheral neuropathy by n-hexane and acrylamide have been reported. The article will review various cases to give an idea about the present status of organic solvents poisonings in Korea.

유기용제의 위해도 평가 및 일부유기용제의 생물학적 폭로지표

강성규,이동배,이영수 충남대학교 의과대학 지역사회의학연구소 1993 충남의대잡지 Vol.20 No.1

This study was to estimate the total amount of domestic and imported organic solvents production. Potential hazard was evaluated through the amount and physical properties. According to his primary risk assessment, toluene, MEK and perchloroethylene were chosen to analyze the solvents in air and their metabolites in blood and urine for using in biological monitoring in the future. The results were as follws. 1. The amount of organic solvent consumption was about 3 million tons in 1989. Of all organic solvents, 70% were aromatic hydrocabons, 12% alcohols, 5% ketones, 3% aliphatic hydrocabons respectively. Xylene in aromatic hydrocabons, cyclohexane in aliphatic hydrocarbons, methanol in alcohols, acetone in ketones, and trichloroethylene in chlorinated hydrocarbons have been more frequently consumed. 2. Benzene was the most hazardous solvent followed by carbon tetrachloride, methanol, toluene, xylene and its derivatives, dichloromethane, chloroform, ethylene tetrachloride, cyclohexane and MEK. respectively. Of the chlorinated hydrocabons, all except methylchloroform were relatively, hazardous in this assessment. 3. The MEK in urine was a good indicator to pridice MEK exposure. The MEK in blood had high correlation with the MEK in urine. Both the blood and urine MEK were more specific when subjects were exposed to higher level. The urine and blood MEK corresponded to exposure of 200ppm MEK were 1.37mg/l and 2.83mg/l 4. The perchloroethylene in blood and trichloroactic acid in urine were good indicators to predict perchloroethylene exposure. Both the pechloroethylene in blood and trichloroacetic acid in urine were more specific when subjects were exposed to higher level. The perchloroethylene in blood and trichloroacetic acid in urine corresponded to exposure of 50ppm perchloroethylene were 1.43 mg/l and 2.56mg/l 5. The hippuric acid in urine and toluene in blood were good indicators to predict toluene exposure. The corrected hippuric acid with creatinine was more useful to exposure to toluene. The toluene in blood was more useful than the hippuric acid in urine, even if subjects were exposed to lower level. The hippuric acid in urine and toluene in blood corresponed to exposure of 100ppm toluene were 1.71g/g creatinine and 2.06mg/1.

Cyclophosphamide가 Mouse 肝臟의 燐酸鹽 分解酵素 活性에 미치는 影響

강성준,이군자,정호삼,이규식 한양대학교 의과대학 1985 한양의대 학술지 Vol.5 No.2

Cyclophosphamide which is known as a widely used anticancer drug is very effective against a lymphosarcoma, leukemia and nonneoplasmic diseases such as rhematoid arthritis and lupus erythematosus. Cyclophosphamide acts on a DNA as a alkylating agent inhibiting the cell division and growth. And it is also known that metabolites of cyclophosphamide damages the liver cell. The authors have, therefore, undertaken to pursue the effect of cyclophosphamide on the phosphatase activity in the liver. Albino mice, DDY strain, weighing 20gm were used as experimental animals. The experimental animals were administered daily with 200gm of cyclophosphamide per kilogram of body weight were divided into 7-day treatment group and 10-day treatment group. The specimens obtained from the liver were fixed with 10% formalin and sliced at 16 μm thickness in a frozen cryostat. The activity of alkaline phosphatase was observed by the Gomori's method and activity of the adenosine triphosphatase was observed by the Wachstein-Meisel's method for histochemical study. The results were as follows. 1. Alkaline phosphatase activity of the hepatic lobule was moderately positive at the periportal and intermediate zone of the 7-day cyclophosphamide treatment group and trace activity of alkaline phosphatase was observed at the periportal and intermediate zone of the 10-day cyclophosphamide treatment group. 2. Adenosine triphosphatase activity of the hepatic lobule was moderately positive at the periportal, central and intermediate zone of the 7-day cyclophosphamide treatment group and weakly positive at the central and periportal zone of the 10-day cyclophosphamide treatment group.

지구과학의 개념형성학습에 관하여 : 변화에 대한 개념을 중심으로 Especially Concerning to Concepts about Changing Phenomena

姜用熙,林成圭 경북대학교 과학교육연구소 1989 科學敎育硏究誌 Vol.13 No.-

By analyzing Earth Science textbooks currently used in high schools. we tried to establish a basic conceptual system concerning to changing phenomena based on the ESCP's structuralizing scheme. Investigating facts about time and change, we have found 21 basic concepts which should be understood through concept-forming teaching and learning. By classifying the basic concepts to fit the four principles suggested by NSTA as a scientific basic-system. we also tried to generalize the selected concepts. We made test problems in order to test high school students' understanding about earth science concepts especially concerning the changing phenomena in the field of astronomy. Using questionnaire method, we applied the test problems to 160 high school students in Taegu and Kyungpook areas. The results were as follows : the mean score of concept-learned group was 56.0 and that of unlearned group was 48.5. This means that the learned-group had been improved by concept-forming teaching.