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유산양 유즙으로부터 분리된 세균의 분포 및 항균제 감수성 검사
김혜라 ( Hye Ra Kim1 ),정지영 ( Ji Young Jung ),김선득 ( Seon Deuk Kim ),박준영 ( Jun Young Park ),조인영 ( In Young Cho ),신성식 ( Sung Shik Shin ),손창호 ( Chang Ho Son ),오기석 ( Ki Seok Ok ),허태영 ( Tai Young Hur ),정영훈 ( Y 한국동물위생학회 2012 韓國家畜衛生學會誌 Vol.35 No.4
The aim of this study was to isolate microorganisms from half milk samples of dairy goats by California mastitis test (CMT) during the lactation period and to further investigate the susceptibility of isolated organisms to antimicrobial drugs. From a total of 235 half milk samples with CMT scores of 2 or above from 366 dairy goats distributed throughout Jeonnam province, microorganisms were isolated from 198 (83.5%) samples either singly (99.0%) or in combination (1.0%). The most prevalent microorganism was the coagulase-negative Staphylococcus spp., (44.4%, n=88) followed by Staphylococcus aureus (24.2%, n=48), Escherichia coli (11.1%, n=22) and Streptococcus spp. (7.6%, n=15). Isolated bacteria also included Bacillus spp. (2.5%, n=5), Pseudomonas spp. (2.5%, n=5), Micrococcus spp. (1.5%, n=3), Corynebacterium spp. (1.5%, n=3), Enterococcus facium (1.0%, n=2), Morganella morganii (0.5%, n=1) and Streptococcus agalactiae (0.5%, n=1). During the summer season, a high prevalence of all micro-organisms were observed in which Staphylococcus spp. (30.8%), Escherichia coli (8.6%), and Streptococcus spp. (5.6%) were among the most prevalent bacteria isolated. Staphylococcus spp. was also shown to be high in the winter (21.7%). In most samples, the presence of bacterial pathogens in goat milk led to the increase in the total somatic cell count (SCC). Most of the half milk samples of dairy goats with bacterial contamination showed SCC of ≥1×10(6) cells/ml (90.4%). Minor pathogens (11.4%) were more detected from milk samples with SCC of <1×10(6) cells/ml than major pathogens (4.1%), while the major pathogens tended to be higher from samples with SCC of ≥3×10(6) cells/ml. Susceptibility of these bacteria to 12 antimicrobial agents was tested by the Kirby-Bauer disc diffusion method. Results indicated that more than 90% of bacteria isolated from CMT 2+ dairy goat half milk samples were susceptible to trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole, amoxicillin/clavulanic, enrofloxacin and cephalothin while they were resistant to tetracycline (44.7%).
GalNAc-T14promotes metastasis through Wnt dependent HOXB9 expression in lung adenocarcinoma
Ok-Seon Kwon,Jhingook Kim,Hyuk-Jin Cha 한국당과학회 2016 한국당과학회 학술대회 Vol.2016 No.01
While metastasis, the main cause of lung cancer-related death, has been extensively studied, the underlying molecular mechanism remains unclear. A previous clinicogenomic study revealed that expression of N-acetylgalactosaminyltransferase (GalNAc-T14), is highly correlated with recurrence-free survival in those with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). However, the underlying molecular mechanism(s) has not been determined. Here we showed that GalNAc-T14 expression was closely associated with the invasive phenotype. Microarray and biochemical analyses revealed that HOXB9 , the expression of which was regulated in a GalNAc-T14-dependent manner, played an important role in metastasis. GalNAc-T14 increased the sensitivity of the WNT response and increased the stability of the b-catenin protein, leading to induced expression of HOXB9 and acquisition of an invasive phenotype. Pharmacological inhibition of b-catenin in GalNAc-T14-expressing cancer cells suppressed HOXB9 expression and suppressed invasion. A meta-analysis of clinical genomics data revealed that expression of GalNAc-T14 or HOXB9 was strongly correlated with recurrence-free survival and hazard risk, suggesting that targeting b-catenin within the GalNAc-T14/WNT/HOXB9 axis may be a novel therapeutic approach to inhibit metastasis in NSCLC.
Kim, Ok-Tae,Hyun, Dong-Yun,Bang, Kyong-Hwan,Jung, Su-Jin,Kim, Young-Chang,Shin, Yu-Su,Kim, Dong-Hwi,Kim, Swon-Won,Seong, Nak-Sul,Cha, Seon-Woo,Park, Hee-Woon The Korean Society of Medicinal Crop Science 2007 한국약용작물학회지 Vol.15 No.2
The cost of conventional cultivation of ginseng (Panax ginseng C.A. Meyer) is very expensive, because shadow condition should be maintained during cultivation periods owing to inherently weak plant for high-temperature. Therefore, application of plant biotechnology may be possible to overcome these difficulties caused by conventional breeding of ginseng. Transgenic plants were produced via Agrobacterium tumefaciens Gv3101, both carrying the binary plasmid pBI121 mLPISO with nptII and Iso (isoprene synthase) gene. Integration of the transgenes into the P. ginseng nuclear genome was confirmed by PCR analysis using nptII primers and Iso primers. RT-PCR result also demonstrated the foreign isoprene synthase gene in three transgenic plant lines (T1, T3, and T5) which was expressed at the transcriptional level. When whole plants of transgenic ginseng were exposed to high temperature at $46^{\circ}C$ for 1 h, a non-transformed plant was wilted from heat shock, whereas a transgenic plant appeared to remain healthy. We suggest that the introduction of exogenous isoprene synthase is considered as alternative methods far generating thermotolerance ginseng.
Kim, Hwajin,Kang, Heeyoung,Heo, Rok Won,Jeon, Byeong Tak,Yi, Chin-ok,Shin, Hyun Joo,Kim, Jeonghyun,Jeong, Seon-Yong,Kwak, Woori,Kim, Won-Ho,Kang, Sang Soo,Roh, Gu Seob SAGE Publications 2016 Journal of cerebral blood flow and metabolism Vol.36 No.6
<P> Diabetes-induced cognitive decline has been recognized in human patients of type 2 diabetes mellitus and mouse model of obesity, but the underlying mechanisms or therapeutic targets are not clearly identified. We investigated the effect of caloric restriction on diabetes-induced memory deficits and searched a molecular mechanism of caloric restriction-mediated neuroprotection. C57BL/6 mice were fed a high-fat diet for 40 weeks and RNA-seq analysis was performed in the hippocampus of high-fat diet-fed mice. To investigate caloric restriction effect on differential expression of genes, mice were fed high-fat diet for 20 weeks and continued on high-fat diet or subjected to caloric restriction (2 g/day) for 12 weeks. High-fat diet-fed mice exhibited insulin resistance, glial activation, blood-brain barrier leakage, and memory deficits, in that we identified neurogranin, a down-regulated gene in high-fat diet-fed mice using RNA-seq analysis; neurogranin regulates Ca<SUP>2+</SUP>/calmodulin-dependent synaptic function. Caloric restriction increased insulin sensitivity, reduced high-fat diet-induced blood-brain barrier leakage and glial activation, and improved memory deficit. Furthermore, caloric restriction reversed high-fat diet-induced expression of neurogranin and the activation of Ca<SUP>2+</SUP>/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II and calpain as well as the downstream effectors. Our results suggest that neurogranin is an important factor of high-fat diet-induced memory deficits on which caloric restriction has a therapeutic effect by regulating neurogranin-associated calcium signaling. </P>
Comparison of the Lighting Environment in Study Rooms for Juveniles between the City and the Country
Kim, Hyun-Ji,Jeon, Gyeong-Seon,An, Ok-Hee The Korean Institute of IIIuminating and Electrica 2009 조명·전기설비학회논문지 Vol.23 No.7
The research aims at providing data needed for planning the lighting of a study room by comparing the lighting environments of study rooms for urban and rural juveniles. The subject of the research was 300 students in middle schools in Daegu and Checngdo-gun, Gyeongsangbuk-do (Daegu 150 houses and Cheongdo 150 houses), and their study rooms were examined. The following is the result of the research. First, rural students stayed more time in their study room than urban students. The task that rural students (studying) and urban students (studying and using computer) all did in their study room was mainly visual work Second, although the sizes of rural study rooms were bigger than those of urban study rooms, urban study rooms had more light sources than rural study rooms. In the rate that of having a task lighting, the city(87.1[%]) was higher than the country (45.7[%]). However, the rate of using a task lighting was lot high in both the city and the country. Third, the result that compared the average values of illuminations on desk planes was that the average value of the city was 3.4 times higher than that of the country. Also, the average value of the country did not meet the standard illumination of Korean industrial standards (KS). In particular, it did not reach the lowest standard. The result is related with that only 52[%] of students who had a task lighting used it. Finally, the satisfaction of lighting environment in the city was generally higher than the country. Especially, although the country had a low illumination, the user showed a high satisfaction. It indicates that people living in the country need to understand about the needs of illumination.
Kim, Kwoneel,Yang, Woojin,Lee, Kang Seon,Bang, Hyoeun,Jang, Kiwon,Kim, Sang Cheol,Yang, Jin Ok,Park, Seongjin,Park, Kiejung,Choi, Jung Kyoon Oxford University Press 2015 Nucleic acids research Vol.43 No.12
<P>Global network modeling of distal regulatory interactions is essential in understanding the overall architecture of gene expression programs. Here, we developed a Bayesian probabilistic model and computational method for global causal network construction with breast cancer as a model. Whereas physical regulator binding was well supported by gene expression causality in general, distal elements in intragenic regions or loci distant from the target gene exhibited particularly strong functional effects. Modeling the action of long-range enhancers was critical in recovering true biological interactions with increased coverage and specificity overall and unraveling regulatory complexity underlying tumor subclasses and drug responses in particular. Transcriptional cancer drivers and risk genes were discovered based on the network analysis of somatic and genetic cancer-related DNA variants. Notably, we observed that the risk genes were functionally downstream of the cancer drivers and were selectively susceptible to network perturbation by tumorigenic changes in their upstream drivers. Furthermore, cancer risk alleles tended to increase the susceptibility of the transcription of their associated genes. These findings suggest that transcriptional cancer drivers selectively induce a combinatorial misregulation of downstream risk genes, and that genetic risk factors, mostly residing in distal regulatory regions, increase transcriptional susceptibility to upstream cancer-driving somatic changes.</P>
KIM, Ki-Bum,BYUN, Hae-Ok,HAN, Na-Kyung,KO, Young-Gyu,CHOI, Hyung-Do,KIM, Nam,PACK, Jeong-Ki,LEE, Jae-Seon Journal of Radiation Research Editorial Committee 2010 JOURNAL OF RADIATION RESEARCH Vol.51 No.2
<P>Although many <I>in vitro </I>studies have previously been conducted to elucidate the biological effects of radio frequency (RF) radiation over the past decades, the existence and nature of any effects is still inconclusive. In an effort to further elucidate this question, we have monitored changes in protein expression profiles in RF-exposed MCF7 human breast cancer cells using two-dimensional gel electrophoresis. MCF7 cells were exposed to 849 MHz RF radiation for 1 h per day for three consecutive days at specific absorption rates (SARs) of either 2 W/Kg or 10 W/kg. During exposure, the temperature in the exposure chamber was kept in an isothermal condition. Twenty-four hours after the final RF exposure, the protein lysates from MCF cells were prepared and two-dimensional electrophoretic analyses were conducted. The protein expression profiles of the MCF cells were not significantly altered as the result of RF exposure. None of the protein spots on the two-dimensional electrophoretic gels showed reproducible changes in three independent experiments. To determine effect of RF radiation on protein expression profiles more clearly, three spots showing altered expression without reproducibility were identified using electrospray ionization tandem mass spectrometry analysis and their expressions were examined with RT-PCR and Western blot assays. There was no alteration in their mRNA and protein levels. As we were unable to observe any significant and reproducible changes in the protein expression profiles of the RF radiation-exposed MCF7 cells using high throughput and non-high throughput techniques, it seems unlikely that RF exposure modulates the protein expression profile.</P>