CONTROL OF BLISTER RUST OF TAIWAN RED PINE IN TAIWAN

Peng,Lin Feng,Chung Yi Tsai,Zuei Ching Chen 한국산림과학회 1985 한국산림과학회지 Vol.71 No.1

In 1966, the outbreak of a rust disease was discovered from the young plantation of Taiwan red pine (Pines taiwanensis Hay.) at the northeastern part of Taiwan Island. The plantation of about 2,000㏊ planted with 3-4 years old saplings is located on the mountain slopes of a valley of the upper stream of Ta-Chia River. The rust disease was first discovered sporadically from the narrow margin of plantation surrounding the pine nursery which was located at the center of valley. The disease spread rapidly and the total infected area in 1968 had been recorded for 186 ha. The rust fungus was first identified as Cronartium ribicola J.C. Fischer. The alternative hosts of this rust fungus, Ribes spp. were not recovered from the area of infectian sites nor from the area of 20Km radius from the infected site. Instead of Ribes host, Paeonia suffruticosa Andr. were planted in the nursery near by the pine nursery from 1966. It was thus identified the rust fungus as Cronartium flaccidum (Alb. et Schw.) Wint. The extensive control measures were practiced from 1968 and the eradication of infected saplings, shrubs and weeds of forest floors was given the first priority. In total, 111,852 trees infected were felled down from 1966 to 1971. All infected branches or parts of the trees were first wrapped with the vinyl film to prevent the dispersion of rust spores and then trees were felled down and finally were burnt at the site. Rest of pine trees of the whole plantation were sprayed with the fungicides; 0.2% Dithane Z-78 or 4-4 Bordeux mixture with addition of 1% Uspulun. Spraying of fungicides was carried out at least twice a month and continued to 1971. In 1973 and 1974, reforestation by some resistance tree species such as Pines armandi Fr., Taiwania, Cryptomeria, or Chamaecyparis, etc, were practiced. In total, 148,500 seedlings of tree species mentioned above were replaced the infected pine trees. Since the first outbreak of the disease in 1966, 20 years have been passed without any new outbreak of the rust disease by C. flaccidum in the same site or any other plantations in Taiwan. The control of the rust disease erupted in Taiwan red pine plantation in 1966 in thus concluded as very successful.

A RuO2IrO2 electrocatalyst with an optimal composition and novel microstructure for oxygen evolving in the single cell

Feng Ye,Yanpeng Cao,Weiwei Han,Yakun Yang,Yuancheng Feng,Peng Liu,Chao Xu,Xiaoze Du,양우철,Liu Guicheng 한국화학공학회 2022 Korean Journal of Chemical Engineering Vol.39 No.3

A highly active RuO2IrO2 electrocatalyst was developed via dip-coating/calcination method for oxygen evolution reaction (OER). The catalyst on Ti substrate with a 7/3 molar ratio between Ru and Ir showed the highest electrocatalytic activity for OER among composite samples in different molar ratios. Moreover, the properties of RuO2IrO2 grown on carbon paper were evaluated by proton exchange membrane water electrolysis single cell. Compared with the micron-particle structure of RuO2IrO2 catalyst on the Ti substrate, the catalyst grown on the carbon paper showed a novel nano dendrite shape and can be used directly as the gas diffusion electrode. Owing to the large surface area of the catalyst, the nano dendrite-shaped RuO2IrO2 catalyst exhibits excellent OER performance in the single cell. Furthermore, a cell voltage of 2.50 V is achieved under 200mA cm2 at 30 oC by using the optimal composition RuO2IrO2 (Ru : Ir=7/3) and the commercial 20% Pt/C as anode and cathode, respectively.

Transcriptome analysis of grain-filling caryopses reveals the potential formation mechanism of the rice sugary mutant

Feng-peng Li,Won-Hee Ra,Min-Young Yoon,Soon-Wook Kwon,Tae-Sung Kim,Il-Pyung Ahn,Yong-Jin Park 한국육종학회 2014 한국육종학회 심포지엄 Vol.2014 No.07

A sugary mutant with low total starch and high sugar content was compared with its wild type Sindongjin for grain-filling caryopses. In the present study, developing seeds of Sindongjin and sugary mutant from the 11th day after flowering (DAF) were subjected to RNA sequencing (RNA-Seq). A total of 30,385 and 32,243 genes were identified in Sindongjin and sugary mutant. Transcriptomic changes analysis showed that 7,713 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) (log2 Fold change ≥1, false discovery rate (FDR) ≤ 0.001) were identified based on our RNA-Seq data, with 7,239 genes up-regulated and 474 down-regulated in the sugary mutant. A large number of DEGs were found related to metabolic, biosynthesis of secondary metabolites, plant-pathogen interaction, plant hormone signal transduction and starch/sugar metabolism. Detailed pathway dissection and quantitative real time PCR (qRT-PCR) demonstrated that most genes involved in sucrose to starch synthesis are up-regulated, whereas the expression of the ADP-glucose pyrophosphorylase small subunit (OsAGPS2b) catalyzing the first committed step of starch biosynthesis was specifically inhibited during the grain-filling stage in sugary mutant. Further analysis suggested that the OsAGPS2b is a considerable candidate gene responsible for phenotype of sugary mutant.

Preparation of Ag-sensitized ZnO and its photocatalytic performance under simulated solar light

Feng Peng,Hongjuan Wang,Hao Yu,Hancai Zhu 한국화학공학회 2007 Korean Journal of Chemical Engineering Vol.24 No.6

show that the leaflike ZnO is composed of self-assembled ZnO particles of 30-50 nm. Ag-sensitized ZnO compositewas prepared by UV-photoreduction and glycol reduction, respectively. The composite was characterized by meansof scanning electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction and photoluminescence. The ZnO and Ag/ZnO prepared were appliedin photocatalytic degradation of phenol and methyl orange as model of organic pollutant in water under simulated solarlight. The results show that Ag doping in both methods of UV-photoreduction and glycol reduction can remarkablyimprove the photocatalytic activity of ZnO under simulated solar light. The utilization ratio of Ag in glycol reduction% . Therefore, the glycol reduction is a noveland excellent method for preparing Ag-sensitized ZnO composite with high photocatalytic activity.

New Aconitine-Type C19-Diterpenoid Alkaloids from Aconitum hemsleyanium var. circinacum

Feng Gao,Dong-Lin Chen,Feng-Peng Wang 대한약학회 2007 Archives of Pharmacal Research Vol.30 No.12

Two new aconitine-type C19-diterpenoid alkaloids, hemsleyanines C (1) and D (2), were isolated from the roots of Aconitum hemsleyanium var. circinacum, their structures were determined by the chemical evidence and spectral analyses.

Transcriptome profiling of Shindongjin and Sugary mutant at grain-filling stages using RNA-Seq

Feng-Peng Li,Min-Young Yoon,Gang Li,Yong-Jin Park 한국육종학회 2013 한국육종학회 심포지엄 Vol.2013 No.07

Rice (Oryza sativa) is an excellent model monocot with a known genome sequence for studying developmental seeds. In the study, the seeds of 10th day after flowering (DAF) were conducted RNA-Seq of the variety Shindongjin and Sugary mutant using RNA-seq technique. Approximately 202 and 214 million high-quality paired-end reads (101-bp in size) were generated in Shindongjin and Sugary mutant, respectively. Comprehensive analysis on the transcript levels of genes which encode starch-synthesis enzymes is fundamental for the assessment of the function of each enzyme and the regulatory mechanism of starch biosynthesis in seeds. Quantitative real-time PCR was also used to validate the expression profiles of 28 rice genes encoding six classes of enzymes, viz., ADPglucose pyrophosphorylase (AGPase), starch synthase, starch branching enzyme, starch debranching enzyme, starch phosphorylase, and disproportionating enzyme at different developmental grain- filling stages (DAF 1-14) between Shindongjin and Sugary mutant. The results showed that the expression of most of starch synthesis genes were up-regulated except the cytosolic AGPase small subunit2b (AGPS2b), which sharply decreased at grain-filling stages in Sugary mutant. These results will expand our understanding of the complex molecular and cellular events in rice grain-filling stages and provide a fundamental understanding of future studies on developmental endosperm in rice and other cereal crops.

PERFECTIONISM BETWEEN PRAGMATISM AND CONFUCIANISM

Feng, Peng 용인대학교 대학원 2005 International Symposium on HUMAN & CULTURE Vol.- No.-

Inhibitory Effects of Syk Transfection on Lung Cancer Cell Invasion

Peng, Chuan-Liang,Zhang, Ying,Sun, Qi-Feng,Zhao, Yun-Peng,Hao, Ying-Tao,Zhao, Xiao-Gang,Cong, Bo Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention 2013 Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention Vol.14 No.5

Objective: Spleen tyrosine kinase (Syk) is closely related to tumor invasion and metastasis, and has been shown to have potential inhibitory effects in tumors. In this study, we constructed a eukaryotic expression vector for Syk and analyzed its effects on invasive ability of the A549 non-small cell lung cancer cell line in vitro. Methods: A fragment of Syk was obtained by RT-PCR from human lung cancer cells and cloned into the expression vector pLNCXSyk. After restriction endonuclease digestion, PCR and DNA sequencing confirmation, the recombinant Syk expression plasmid was transfected into A549 human lung cancer cells using lipofectamine protocols. After selection, the cells stably expressed Syk. Detection of Syk expression of the cells by RT-PCR, and invasive ability were examined. Results: The eukaryotic expression plamid pLNCXSyk was constructed and expressed stably in the A549 human lung cancer cells. The RT-PCR results showed that Syk mRNA expression was upregulated significantly (P<0.05). Lower invasion through a basal membrane were apparent after transfection (P<0.05). Conclusions: A eukaryotic expression plasmid to cause Syk expression in lung cancer cells can obviously inhibit their invasive ability in vitro.

Blast diseases influenced on agronomic and eating quality traits of rice in Korea

Feng-peng Li,Won-Hee Ra,Yong-Jin Park,Il-Pyung Ahn 한국육종학회 2014 한국육종학회 심포지엄 Vol.2014 No.07

Rice (Oryza sativa L.) is one of the most important staple foods that feed more than 50% of the world’s population. With the improving of people’s living standard, eating quality of rice become the most important aims in current breeding programs. Amylose content (AC) and gelatinization temperature (GT) are the two main measures to estimate the rice grain quality. In rice, a total of 27 genes directly involved the rice starch biosynthesis effecting on the rice eating quality. It clearly identified chromosome 6 to be rich in the genes related to AC and GT properties (GBSS I, SSIIa and SBE I) along with other genomic regions scattered in rice genome. Rice blast, caused by the fungal pathogen M. oryzae, is the most devastating disease of rice and severely affects crop stability and sustainability worldwide. Many fungal genes involved in pathogenicity and rice genes involved in effector recognition and defense responses have been identified over the past decade. A total of 99 and 22 blast resistance genes have been identified and cloned; in which 45% were found in japonica cultivars, 51% in indica cultivars, and the rest 4% in wild rice species. Among them, three major resistance gene clusters have been characeterized: the Pik locus on Chromosome 11, and the Pita locus on Chromosome 12, the Piz locus on Chromosome 6 closely to the starch synthesis-related genes. These results could be important clues for studying the relationship between resistance / susceptible materials and eating quality.

Research Articles : The Influence of Challenge on Cathepsin B and D Expression Patterns in the Silkworm Bombyx mori L

( Feng Yao Wu ),( Feng Ming Zou ),( Jun Qiang Jia ),( Sheng Peng Wang ),( Guo Zheng Zhang ),( Xi Jie Guo ),( Zhong Zheng Gui ) 한국잠사학회 2011 International Journal of Industrial Entomology Vol.23 No.1

Cathepsins are well-characterized proteases that are ubiquitously expressed in lysosomes. Previous work revealed that Bombyx mori cathepsins B and D are expressed in the fat body and undergo decomposition during larval-pupal metamorphosis. Quantitative RTPCR was performed to detect cathepsin gene expression at the transcription level when challenged by B. mori nuclear polyhedrosis virus (BmNPV), temperature and hormones (20-hydroxyecdysone (20E) and juvenile hormone analogue (JHA)). mRNAs encoding cathepsins B and D were significantly enhanced after the larvae were infected with BmNPV, and the peak of the induction appeared at 1 day before spinning. This attenuated the inducing effect on cathepsin expression caused by infection. Temperature shock induced cathepsin expression at the later stage of the 5th instar, and transcription levels varied with development stage and temperature. Cathepsin B and D mRNA expression in the fat body were significantly induced by JHA at the day before spinning, and with 20E, the expression reached a peak at the last day of the 5th instar. Cathepsin B and D mRNA expression exhibited detectable changes post-treatment, without significant differences between or among the hormone concentrations.