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Thi Binh Nguyen Nguyen,Thi Kieu Diem Nguyen,Van Hue Trương,Thi Tuyet Ngoc Tran,van Bao Thang Phan,Thi Tuyen Nguyen,Hoang Bach Nguyen,Viet Quynh Tram Ngo,Van Tuan Mai,Paola Molicotti 질병관리본부 2023 Osong Public Health and Research Persptectives Vol.14 No.5
Objectives: Tuberculosis (TB) and drug-resistant TB (DR-TB) are national health burdens in Vietnam. In this study, we investigated the prevalence of rifampicin (RIF) and/or isoniazid (isonicotinic acid hydrazide, INH) resistance in patients with suspected TB, and applied appropriate techniques to help rapidly target DR-TB. Methods: In total, 1,547 clinical specimens were collected and cultured using the BACTEC MGIT system (Becton Dickinson and Co.). A resazurin microtiter assay (REMA) was used to determine the proportions of RIF and/or INH resistance. A real-time polymerase chain reaction panel with TaqMan probes was employed to identify the mutations of rpoB and katG associated with DR-TB in clinical isolates. Genotyping of the identified mutations was also performed. Results: A total of 468 Mycobacterium tuberculosis isolates were identified using the REMA. Of these isolates, 106 (22.6%) were found to be resistant to 1 or both antibiotics. Of the resistant isolates, 74 isolates (69.8%) were resistant to isoniazid (INH) only, while 1 isolate (0.94%) was resistant to RIF only. Notably, 31 isolates (29.24%) were resistant to both antibiotics. Of the 41 phenotypically INH-resistant isolates, 19 (46.3%) had the Ser315Thr mutation. There were 8 different rpoB mutations in 22 (68.8%) of the RIF-resistant isolates. The most frequently detected mutations were at codons 531 (37.5%), 526 (18.8%), and 516 (6.3%). Conclusion: To help prevent new cases of DR-TB in Vietnam, it is crucial to gain a comprehensive understanding of the genotypic DR-TB isolates.
Modeling applied to drifting in aquatic insects
Tuyen Van Nguyen,Rupert Mazzucco,Dong-Hwan Kim,Ulf Dieckmann,Tae-Soo Chon 한국응용곤충학회 2011 한국응용곤충학회 학술대회논문집 Vol.2011 No.05
Stream and river habitats are characterized by a uni-directional water flow. Organisms colonizing such habitats are faced with the constraint of continuous downstream flow. Some ecologists find it puzzling that upstream is colonized by insect communities although the insects are continuously faced with downstream flow. The obvious solution to the puzzle is that there exist compensatory strategies, three of which have gained some notoriety in recent years: 1) diffusive random movement and density-dependent regulation of population size; 2) daily directed movement during larvae stage; 3) the compensation of larval drift by adult upstream flight. We have adapted an eco-evolutionary individual-based model (IBM) to accommodate typical life events of aquatic insects, such as birth, death, diffusion, and drifting. The probabilities of these events, which occur on the individual level, depend on both biological (e.g., local competition, upstream flight by adult insects) and environmental (e.g., unidirectional flow) constraints. The evolution of selected traits, namely, adapted water velocity, drifting time and distance, and upward flight distance, was investigated through simulation. We find that, while the three strategies are generally able to sustain upstream populations, the exact compensation of drift loss allowed by upstream flight makes the third strategy less “asteful” a population of upstream flight strategists to outcompete diffusive movement strategists. We also report branching of adapted traits in drifting during the course of evolution. Individuals with high current velocity preferences either spend short (several seconds) or long (an hour) duration in water flow, while the individuals with low current-velocity preference only spend middle range (half an hour) of duration in water flow.
Mathematical models applied to dispersal data of pest populations in greenhouse
Tuyen Van Nguyen,Chunlei Xia,Bu-Keun Chung,Hwang-Yong Kim,Tae-Soo Chon 한국응용곤충학회 2011 한국응용곤충학회 학술대회논문집 Vol.2011 No.05
In order to achieve the optimized pest control, correct estimation of pest densities is a prerequisite to monitor pest damage and to provide efficient pest management plans. Parameters regarding diffusion (e.g., diffusion constant) and population size (e.g., growth rate) were estimated by using diffusion equation. The time series dispersal data of Whiteflies collected in greenhouse were used for modeling. Cross-correlation analysis was conducted to reveal the range and direction of pest population invasion. Sampling theory was further investigated regarding estimation of densities, and population dynamics of Whiteflies were discussed in two dimensions.
Van Hoa Nguyen,Thi Mai Phung Bui,Thanh Phong Le,Hoang Tung Nguyen,Minh Tuyen Truong,Minh Nhut Do,Van Nha Duong 인간식물환경학회 2022 인간식물환경학회지 Vol.25 No.6
Background and objective: For countries vulnerable to climate change as Vietnam, indigenous knowledge (IK) might assist in revealing the values of local people's adaptations to environmental stresses and potentially support decision-making. Despite IK can provide the adaptive capacity of local people's activities within environmental contexts, but it is rapidly vanishing. This study aimed to describe the documentation of IK associated with climate change adaptation of farmers in the Vietnam Mekong Delta (VMD). Methods: We focused on collecting and establishing online access to IK documents through collaboration between IK holders, public sector, collecting institutions, and researchers in the five agro-ecological zones of the VMD. An online IK database for storing IK documents has been designed and implemented based on the web application schema. Results: Through interviews, we gathered IK from farming practices that are well-adapted to climate risks such as floods, droughts, and saltwater intrusions as well as traditional knowledge being used to forecast weather, flood, and saltwater intrusion. The database for storing IK documents has been successfully deployed using free and open-source software. The database currently contains more than 260 IK documents, with their location on agro-ecological zones displayed on a web-based map. Conclusion: We have captured and provided an online access to IK on climate change adaptation of the farmers in the VMD. This research is expected as an initial strategy for long-term sustainable development of the agriculture system in this region.
Nguyen Van Tuyen,Lawrence A. Limjuco,이기세,Nhat Minh Dang 한국공업화학회 2022 공업화학 Vol.33 No.3
Microalgae is becoming a vital component for a circular economy and ultimately for sustainable development. Herein, recent developments in different outcomes of microalgae for wastewater treatment and biorefinery were reviewed. From its primary function as a third-generation resource of biofuel, the usage of microalgae has been diversified as an integral element for the CO2 sequestration and production of economically valuable products (e.g., pharmaceuticals, animal feeds, biofertilizer, biochar, etc.). Principles and recent challenges for each microalgae application were presented to suggest a motivation for future research and the direction of development. The integration of microalgae within the concept of the circular economy was also discussed with various routes of microalgae-based biorefinery.
( Nguyen Van Tuyen ),( Tran Hung Thuan ),( Chu Xuan Quang ),( Nhat Minh Dang ) 한국공업화학회 2023 공업화학 Vol.34 No.5
The effect of temperature and influent alkalinity/ammonia (K/A) ratio on the start-up of the partial nitrification (PN) process for an activated sludge-based domestic wastewater treatment was studied. Two different sequence batch reactors (SBR) were operated at 26 °C and 32 °C. The relationship between temperature and the concentration of free ammonia (FA) and free acid nitrite (FNA) was investigated. A stable PN process was achieved in the 32 °C reactor when the influent ammonium concentration was lower than 150 mg-N/L. In contrast, the PN process in the 26 °C reactor had a higher nitrite accumulation rate (NAR) and ammonium removal efficiency (ARE) when the influent ammonia concentration was increased to more than 150 mg-N/L. Then three different ranges of the K/A ratio were applied to an SBR reactor. In the K/A range of 2.48~1.65, the SBR reactor achieved the highest NAR ratio (75.78%). This ratio helps to achieve the appropriate level of alkalinity to maintain a stable pH and provide a sufficient amount of inorganic carbon source for the activity of microorganisms. At the same time, FA and FNA values also reached the threshold to inhibit nitrite-oxidizing bacteria (NOB) without a significant effect on ammonia-oxidizing bacteria (AOB). Results showed that the control of temperature and K/A ratio during the start-up period may be important in establishing a stable and steady PN process for the treatment of domestic wastewater.
Novel Single-state PWM technique in Multilevel Inverter for unbalanced dc sources
Nguyen Van Nho,Hong Hee Lee,Nguyen Dinh Tuyen 전력전자학회 2007 ICPE(ISPE)논문집 Vol.- No.-
Single-state PWM technique (SS PWM0 presents an optimised switching losses PWM scheme to be applied for multilevel inverter for possible reducing number of switchings in a sampling period. Nonlinear control characteristics and harmonic distortion factor can be significantly improved if the number of levels is high. To implement a single- state PWM control with minimised voltage error on condition of unbalance dc sources, a compensating technique is required. The paper will propose a possible solution for implementing the SS PWM with minimised voltage error, using carrier based approach. This again demonstrates the utilisation of carrier based and space vector PWM relationship in solving various optimised PWM problems in multilevel inverters.
Treatment of surface water using cold plasma for domestic water supply
Dung Van Nguyen,Phong Quoc Ho,Toan Van Pham,Tuyen Van Nguyen,Lavane Kim 대한환경공학회 2019 Environmental Engineering Research Vol.24 No.3
This paper presents the results of using cold plasma to treat surface water for domestic use purpose. Experimental results showed that cold plasma was an effective method for destroying bacteria in water. After treatment with cold plasma, concentration of coliform and Escherichia coli dramatically reduced. Besides, cold plasma significantly removed water odor, increased dissolved oxygen and decreased the concentration of chemical oxygen demand. However, cold plasma significantly raised the concentration of nitrite and nitrate. Other disadvantages of treating with cold plasma were conductivity increase and pH reduction. Pretreatment steps of coagulation, flocculation, sedimentation and sand filtration followed by disinfection with cold plasma exhibited a high efficiency in surface water treatment. All parameters of surface water after treatment by using the prototype satisfied with the allowance standard of domestic water quality.