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( Hye Jung Changhang ),( Hironori Koga ),( Masahiko Kajiwara ) 대한내과학회 2014 대한내과학회 추계학술발표논문집 Vol.2014 No.1
Introduction: EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI) such as gefi tinib is a targeted drug to be safe and well tolerated as well as effi cacious for EGFR-mutant lung cancer. However, severe adverse reactions may occur depending on the underlying disease. Pulmonary Langerhans cell histiocytosis (PLCH) is an infi ammatory disorder that involves swelling of the bronchioles and small blood vessels in the lungs, which leads to lung stiffness and deterioration. We present a case of EGFR-mutant lung cancer patient with underlying PLCH who experienced fatal acute drug reaction induced by gefi tinib. Case: A 50-year-old man who was a 30-pack-year current smoker visited hospital with persistent dyspnea on exertion and chronic cough. Chest CT showed a lobulated lung mass in left upper lobe and disseminated thin-walled irregular shapes of cysts scattered over the whole lungs except for some lower lobes, suggesting PLCH. After further evaluation, he was diagnosed as stage IV pulmonary adenocarcinoma harboring EGFR exon 19 mutation. Thus, gefi nitib 250mg was started as fi rst-line therapy. A week later, he developed chilling sense and aggravated dyspnea. The chest CT fi nding of bilateral ground glass opacities and right pneumothorax was noticed. With impression of drug-induced pneumonitis, we stopped gefitinib, started high dose steroid, and inserted a chest tube into right hemithorax. In spite of initial intensive treatment, bilateral pneumonitis was not improved and the range of pneumothorax was widen to both hemithoraxes. Secondary pulmonary infection worsened his condition and mechanical ventilator was applied. Eventually he died of respiratory failure despite of intensive respiratory care. Conclusion: The use of EGFR-TKI should be cautious in lung cancer patients having underlying severe interstitial lung disease like PLCH although they have EGFR sensitive mutation, which is a good predictive marker for the drug.