http://chineseinput.net/에서 pinyin(병음)방식으로 중국어를 변환할 수 있습니다.
변환된 중국어를 복사하여 사용하시면 됩니다.
일반 교육-특수교육 완전 통합을 위한 기초 연구 : 탐구조사 An Exploratory Study
권상혁,황윤한 국립특수교육원 1995 특수교육연구 Vol.2 No.-
Total integration is the most ethical and humanistic way of teaching exceptional children. The purpose of this study were 1) to examine the problems in special education, 2) to investigate the reasons for being unable to integrate exceptional children with their non-handicapped peers, and 3) to obtain suggestions to accentuate total integration recommended by special education teachers. Thirty-seven elementary school special education teachers participated in this study. Problems in special education practice pointed by special education teachers vary from the lack of perceptions of educational leaders, teachers, students, and students to the education of quality special education teachers. Reasons for being unable to integrate exceptional children with their non-handicapped peers were also related to the problems in current special education culture. Special education teachers suggested various ways to accentuate total integration.
PC U형의 단면을 사용한 포스트텐션된 넓은 보-기둥 내부접합부의 비탄성 거동
최윤철,임재형,문정호,이리형,권기혁 대한건축학회 2005 大韓建築學會論文集 : 構造系 Vol.21 No.1
Post-tensioned precast concrete system(PPS) consists of U-shaped precast wide beams and concrete columns. The continuity of beam-column joint is provided with the topping concrete on the PC shell beam and post-tensioning. The purpose of this paper is to evaluate the response of PPS interior beam-column joint subjected to cyclic lateral loading. To this end, the experimental investigation was performed with three half-scale specimens of interior connection. The design parameter is the ratio of beam width to column width. Test results showed that cracks were distributed well and plastic hinges spread toward midspan without any significant degradation of strength and ductility. And the specimens sufficiently resisted up to the limiting drift ratio of 0.035 given by ACI of acceptance criteria for concrete special moment frames.
프리캐스트 포스트텐션 콘크리트 넓은 보-기둥 내부 접합부의 비탄성 거동
황재환,최윤철,김영찬,김대중,임재형,권기혁,문정호,이리형 대한건축학회 2003 대한건축학회 학술발표대회 논문집 - 계획계/구조계 Vol.23 No.2(구조계)
The purpose of this paper is to evaluate the response of Precast Prestressed Concrete Interior Wide Beam-Column Joint subjected to cyclic lateral loading. To this end, the experimental investigation was performed with six half-scale specimens of interior connection. The design parameters are the beam to column depth ratio, and the number of tendons within column core. One of the specimens, IJH-6, is modeled for the connection at the top floor of a structure. The test results showed that the specimens sufficiently resist up to limiting drift ratio of 0.035 in accordance with the provisional standard by ACI of acceptance criteria for concrete special moment frames.
포스트-텐션 프리캐스트 외부 넓은 보-기둥 접합부의 비탄성 거동
박상욱,최윤철,김영찬,김대중,임재형,권기혁,문정호,이리형 대한건축학회 2003 대한건축학회 학술발표대회 논문집 - 계획계/구조계 Vol.23 No.2(구조계)
Experimental results from the cycle lateral load tests for post-tensioned precast wide beam-column connections were presented. Six exterior beam-column assemblages of half scale were tested in the laboratory. The specimens consist of U-shaped precast wide beams and concrete columns. The continuity at the beam-column joint is achieved with the topping concrete and post-tensioning. The specimens were designed with parameters of the beam-to-column depth ration and the number of tendons within column core. The test results showed that the post-tensioned precast wide beam-column connection satisfied the provisional standard by ACI of acceptance criteria for concrete special moment frames.
Kwon, Se Yun,Lee, Kyung Seop,Yoo, Tag Keun,Chung, Jae Il,Lee, Ji Youl,Hong, Jun Hyuk,Seo, Seong Il,Jung, Tae Young,Kwak, Cheol,Kang, Taek Won,Yun, Seok-Joong Elsevier 2018 Urology Vol.111 No.-
<P><B>Objective</B></P> <P>To compare the efficacies of naftopidil and tamsulosin in terms of reducing storage symptoms in patients with benign prostatic hyperplasia.</P> <P><B>Materials and Methods</B></P> <P>This prospective randomized study was performed at 10 centers. Ninety-four patients that had been taking tamsulosin for more than 8 weeks, but had an Overactive Bladder Symptom Score (OABSS) of greater than 3 points, were initially enrolled. After a 1-week washout period, patients were divided into 2 groups. Forty-five patients were treated with tamsulosin 0.2 mg daily, and 49 patients were treated with naftopidil 75 mg daily for 8 weeks. Total International Prostate Symptoms Score (IPSS), storage symptom scores, nocturia times, OABSS, maximal flow rates (<I>Q</I> <SUB>max</SUB>), and postvoid residual volumes were checked before and after the 8-week treatment period.</P> <P><B>Results</B></P> <P>Mean patient ages in the tamsulosin and naftopidil groups were 64.8 and 66.0 years, respectively. Baseline characteristics were not significantly different. In the tamsulosin group, mean total IPSS decreased from 19.1 to 15.1 after the 8-week treated period (<I>P</I> = .001), and in the naftopidil group, mean total IPSS decreased from 16.9 to 13.1 (<I>P</I> = .001). Mean storage symptom scores were reduced in the tamsulosin and naftopidil groups from 8.0 to 6.6 (<I>P</I> = .002) and from 7.6 to 6.1 (<I>P</I> = .001), respectively. Mean nocturia times in the naftopidil groups decreased significantly from 2.5 to 1.9 (<I>P</I> = .001), and mean OABSSs were reduced from 7.7 to 6.0 (<I>P</I> = .001) and from 7.4 to 6.0 (<I>P</I> = .001), respectively.</P> <P><B>Conclusion</B></P> <P>Total IPSS, storage symptom scores, nocturia times, and OABSS were significantly reduced by naftopidil and tamsulosin. Moreover, the naftopidil group showed better improvements in nocturia than the tamsulosin group.</P>
Yun Min-Hyuk,Kwon Jun-Tack,Kwon Kwang-il The Pharmaceutical Society of Korea 2005 Archives of Pharmacal Research Vol.28 No.4
The purpose of this study is to investigate the bioequivalence of two haloperidol 5 mg tablets, Myung In haloperidol (Myung In Pharm. Co., Ltd., test drug) and $Peridol^{R}$(Whanin Pharm. Co., Ltd., reference drug), and also to estimate the pharmacokinetic parameters of haloperidol in Korean volunteers. The bioavailability and pharmacokinetics of haloperidol tablets were examined on 24 healthy volunteers who received a single oral dose of each preparation in the fasting state in a randomized balanced 2 way crossover design. After an oral dosing, blood samples were collected for a period of 60 h. Plasma concentrations of haloperidol were determined using a liquid chromatographic electrospray mass spectrometric (LC-MS) method. The pharmacokinetic parameters were calculated with noncompartmental pharmacokinetic analysis. The geometric means of $AUC_{0-60h} and C_{max}$ between test and reference formulations were $17.21\pm8.26 ng\cdot/mL vs 17.31\pm13.24 ng\cdot/mL and 0.87\pm0.74 ng/mL vs 0.85\pm0.62 ng/mL$. respectively. The $90\%$ confidence intervals of mean difference of logarithmic transformed $AUC_{0-60h} and C_{max} were log0.9677{\sim}log1.1201 and log0.8208{\sim}log1.1981$, respectively. It shows that the bioavailability of test drug is equivalent with that of reference drug. The geometric means of other pharmacokinetic parameters ($AUC_{inf}. t_{1/2}, V_{d}/F, and CL/F$) between test drug and reference drug were $21.75\pm8.50 ng{\cdot}h/mL vs 21.77\pm15.63 ng{\cdot}h/mL, 29.87\pm8.25 h vs 29.60\pm7.56 h, 11.51\pm5.45 L vs 12.90\pm6.12 L and 0.26\pm0.09 L/h vs 0.31\pm0.17 L/h$, respectively. These observations indicate that the two formulation for haloperidol was bioequivalent and, thus, may be clinically interchangeable.
( Hyuk Sool Kwon ),( Kyu Seok Kim ),( Tae Yun Kim ),( You Hwan Jo ),( Jin Hee Lee ),( Jae Hyuk Lee ),( Yu Jin Kim ),( Joon Hee Kim ) 대한응급의학회 2014 대한응급의학회 학술대회초록집 Vol.2014 No.2
The objective of this study was to demonstrate the effectiveness of the Sool`s method of anterior shoulder dislocations. This was a retrospective study conducted in a university affiliated emergency department (ED). Sequence of the Sool`s method: (1) the patient is placed in a sitting position. (2) The patient to raise the affected arm and hand with forward flexion until the angle of the arm and trunk reaches 90 degree, and put the patient`s hand on the operator`s shoulder of same side. (3) The operator grabs the muscles of anterior part of deltoid and pectoralis of affected side with a hand of the patient`s hand putted on and grabs the elbow of affected side with an opposite hand and pulls the elbow slowly with slight lateral rotating and massages the muscles of anterior part of deltoid and pectoralis. 59 eligible patients presented to the ED were recruited. 35 patients were recruited to TSRT and 24 patients were recruited to the Sool`s method. The rate of successful reduction in ED was 80% (26/35) in TSRT group and 75% (18/24) in the Sool`s method group (P=0.75). The length of (LOS) in the ED was 72.3 minutes in the Sool`s method group and 98.4 minutes TSRT group (P=0.037). No significant difference in neurovascular deficit before and after reduction between both groups was reported. In the Sool`s method group, procedural time of successfully reduced cases was shorter than failed cases (P=0.015). The Sool`s method was as successful as other methods in reducing shoulder dislocations. Sool`s method has shown encouraging results including significant reduction in LOS in ED, and unnecessary use of sedation. Sool`s method is technically easy and requires only a chair or a bed to sit on and a single operator, which reduces the use of valuable ED resources.