민간공원 특례사업으로 인한 청주시 공원 · 녹지의 연결성 변화 분석

이종욱(Lee, Jong-Wook),박종광(Park, Jong-Kwang),홍성조(Hong, Sungjo) 대한건축학회 2022 대한건축학회논문집 Vol.38 No.1

The Korean government introduced a private-initiative park project to prevent further environmental damage caused by the abolition of parks. The private-initiative park project is expected to affect the connectivity of the green space system by creating a part of the park site as a non-park facility. The purpose of this study is to analyze the change in the connectivity of the green space system in relation to the private-initiative park project. The spatial scope of this study is in Cheongju, Korea. There were 8 private-initiative park projects selected as research subjects. The IIC indicator and d_IIC indicator, which are widely used in the analysis of green space connectivity, were used as analysis methods. Changes in connectivity according to four scenarios were simulated. Upon analysis, the results revealed that private-initiative park projects can reduce the overall connectivity of green spaces. The connectivity of private-initiative park projects can be improved compared to the situation of unplanned development while maintaining the current state. Lastly, changes in connectivity due to private-initiative park projects vary by region. This study was meaningful as an early study that analyzed private-initiative park projects in terms of the connectivity of green areas and is expected to be used for the improvement of the park and green space system in the future.

梅軒 朴承稷과 蓮崗 朴斗秉의 社會的 責任과 社會福祉事業

Kwang Sur Park(朴光緖) 한국경영사학회 2002 經營史學 Vol.28 No.-

This article aims at surveying the social responsibilities and social welfare works of an enterprise started by Mae Hean Seung-Jik Park and Yonkang Doo-Byung Park’s. Maeheon was born in Tanbeol-ri, Kwangju-myon, Kwangju-kun of Kyounggi-do province on the 22nd of June in 1864. He was so impoverished that he could not get a regular school education. But he had learned the Chinese classics for himself with work by day and study by night from the age of eight. At age 15 he got married and then at the age of 17 he followed Young-Wan Min, who was going to his new post as the county headman of Haenam-kun in Cholla-do province. There he peddle to make money. For three years he saved up as much as 300 ryang, only to send the money to his eldest brother, Seung-Wan Park. Following his dream of a commercial business in Seoul, Maeheon would open’a shop, Seung-Jik Park’s, at Baeogae(at present Chongro-4-ga) in 1889. The business was opened with his savings in the end, and became the Doosan Group of today Not only did he win success as a merchant but he became a government official of Joongchuwon(an advisory organ of the Japanese Government-General of Korea) under the Japanese rule. This enterpriser’s will to take-on responsibilities of his society can be thought to depend upon his business creed or management philosophy. For that reason, it is natural that we should examine his business creed in order to see through his sense of responsibility for society. Seung-Jik Park’s idea was based on an extended family system complied from Confucian ethics, to make harmony among men and to promote specialities of the family occupation. His management philosophy was, so to speak, harmony among men, diligence and economy, honesty, and credit. In retrospect of the closing stages of the old Korea when he ran his own shop or of the closing period of Korea’s occupation under the Japanese rule, the term of ‘social responsibilities to an enterprise’ was quite new and furthermore there was not any legal, administrative, or systematic device for it at that time. His deeds based on social responsibilities, in an oriental sense, agree with a stealthy benefaction done for many and unspecified persons. In addition, Seung-Jik Park was a merchant who was able to act up to the principle of ‘public matters first and private last’ which means that public interest takes precedence over private interest. He carried out with excellence his responsibilities for society as a leader m business circles, and with the very spirit of ‘public matters fifth and private last’ for the purpose of protecting racial merchants’ interests under the Japanese rule. Yonkang was born in Chongro-4-ga, Chongro-gu of Seoul on the 6th of October in 1910. The aforementioned was his father, Mae Hean Seung-Jik Park, a business magnate leading the commercial world of Chosun and in those days a high-ranking government official. Doo-Byung Park attended school from kindergarten through Kyunggi Commercial High School Seoul National University and learned Chinese classics for about two years. He worked for the Chosun bank for four years and succeeded to his father’s business to be the founder of the Doosan Group, and becoming worthy of his family name. His business creed was based on inwhaism(the idea highlighting the harmony among men), sungsilism(the idea highlighting sincerity), and gonginism(the idea highlighting behaving a public person). Following his father, his social responsibilities were also for many unspecified persons. These were based on both paternalism and gonginism in a sense of a stealthy benefaction. After his death, many admirers, an aide, and society personages established the Yonkang Academic Foundation with donations to realize the late Park’s social welfare services. The Yonkang Academic Foundation is undertaking such activities as encouragement services for learning, a tour of inspection abroad for teachers, offering research funds, sending books

해상형 국립공원 탐방수요의 요인분해

모수원 ( Mo Soo-won ),이광배 ( Lee Kwang-bae ),박정환 ( Park Jeong-hwan ) 한국도서(섬)학회 2018 韓國島嶼硏究 Vol.30 No.2

Tourism is widely considered one of the world's largest and rapidly growing industries. Domestic tourism, however, remains an under-researched theme in many countries involving Korea partly due to the difficulty to track domestic tourism and with governments and policy-makers placing emphasis on the attractive higher expenditures of foreign visitors. It is stated that a vibrant domestic tourism sector can cushion the industry from fluctuations of the international tourism market and bring stability and predictability in the industry. Nature-based tourism to national parks gives us broad benefits such as improved physical and mental health, stress reduction and increased social cohesion. Employment is one of tourism’s main development advantages and its role in promoting economic opportunities for communities adjacent to national parks has long been appreciated. But tourism performance in Korean national parks continues to dwindle and stagger. This paper introduces a shift-share decomposition to break down the tourism to the marine national parks into three components: one measuring national effect, and two other components due to changes in compositional effect and regional effect respectively. While the static shift-share analysis shows that the growth in marine national parks’tourism seems to be due to positive national park effect as well as marine national park effect, the dynamic regional effect appears to have a negative effect on visitors. This paper also employs the positioning analysis on national parks using Boston Consulting Group matrix over the period 2011-2016. The BCG analysis shows that Odongdo and Dadohaehaesang succeed in rising to a star area, Byeonsanbando ranges over a cash cow to a child, but Taeanhaean degrades from a child to a dog area.

야간주차정책에 관한 연구

김광식,박훈립 국민대학교 생산기술연구소 2002 공학기술논문집 Vol.25 No.-

Vehicles must be parked at least temporarily at each end of a vehicular trip before the occupants can partake in their activity. Parking is therefore a fundamental component of urban transportation system. The parking problems however have been got from bad to worse due to high cost of parking improvement. The city governments have formulated the synthetic policies to solve the parking problems without considering the characteristics of night-parking. In this study the direction of the parking policies is presented.

국립공원 3개 저수지에 서식하는 생태계교란 어종의 서식양상과 먹이생물, 어류상에 미치는 영향

박승철 ( Seung-chul Park ),이광열 ( Kwang Yeol Lee ),최광식 ( Kwang-seek Choi ),한미숙 ( Mee-sook Han ),고명훈 ( Myeong-hun Ko ) 한국어류학회 2021 韓國魚類學會誌 Vol.33 No.2

본 연구는 국립공원 내 생태계교란 어종 배스와 블루길의 도입에 따른 영향을 파악하기 위해 2020년 금계지, 삼가지, 내장지에서 조사를 실시하였다. 금계지에서는 7과 11종 1,221개체가 채집되었고, 배스는 우점종 (96.3%), 블루길은 소수 (0.3%) 서식하고 있었고, 배스는 주로 밀어 (IRI, 37.2%)와 잠자리목(25.6%), 뱀잠자리목 (11.6%), 배스 (7.0%) 등을 섭식하였다. 삼가지에서는 5과 10종 854개체가 채집되었고, 배스는 우점종(60.8%)으로 주로 새우류 (33.6%)와 잠자리목 (34.4%), 밀어(21.2%), 피라미 (6.1%) 등을 섭식하였다. 내장지에서는 7과 13종 1,075개체가 채집되었고, 블루길은 우점종 (38.1%), 배스는 우세종 (9.5%)으로 나타났으며, 블루길은 주로 물벼룩류 (IRI, 77.5%)와 파리목 (9.8%), 새우류 (4.0%) 등을 섭식하였고 배스는 주로 밀어 (73.3%)와 새우류 (21.2%) 등을 섭식하였다. 금계지와 삼가지의 배스는 10여 년 전에 도입된 것으로 추정되고, 도입 이후 대부분의 어류는 개체수가 급격히 감소하였다. 내장지의 블루길은 20여 년 전에 도입된 것으로 추정되며, 도입 이후 상대풍부도가 점점 증가하여 40%대에 도달하였고, 배스는 5~6년 전에 도입되었고 도입 이후 자생 어류의 종수와 개체수가 급격히 감소하였다. 마지막으로 국립공원 내 배스와 블루길의 서식현황 및 관리방안에 대해서 논의하였다. This study was conducted to elucidate the impact of invasive species, Micropterus salmoides and Lepomis macrochirus in Geumgyeji, Samgaji and Naejangji reservoirs of National Parks, Korea in 2020. In the Geumgyeji, 1,221 individuals of 11 species in 7 families were collected including M. salmoides (relative abundance, 96.3%) and L. macrochirus (0.3%), M. salmoides fed mainly on Rhinogobius brunneus (IRI, 37.2%), Odonata (25.6%), Megaloptera (11.6%), and M. salmoides (7.0%). In the results of Samgaji showed that 854 individuals of 10 species in 5 families were collected including M. salmoides (60.8%), and M. salmoides fed mainly on Decapoda (shrimp, 33.6%), Odonata (34.4%), R. brunneus (21.2%), and Zacco platypus (6.1%). In the Naejangji showed that 1,075 individuals of 13 species belonging to 7 families were collected including L. macrochirus (38.1%) and M. salmoides (9.5%), and L. macrochirus fed mainly on Branchiopoda (77.5%), Diptera (9.8%), Decapoda (4.0%) and M. salmoides fed mainly on R. brunneus (73.3%), Decapoda (21.2%). M. salmoides of Geumgyeji and Samgaji were apparently introduced more than a 10 years ago. The fish population declined rapidly since the introduction of M. salmoides. L. macrochirus of Naejangji was introduced more than 20 years ago, which increased its relative abundance to 40%. M. salmoides was introduced five to six years ago, and the fish species and population declined rapidly since the introduction of M. salmoides. Finally, we discussed the inhabitat status and management of M. salmoides and L. macrochirus in the National Park.

Event Mean Concentrations (EMCs) and First Flush Characteristics of Runoff from a Public Park in Korea

Jung, Jae-Woon,Park, Ha-Na,Yoon, Kwang-Sik,Choi, Dong-Ho,Lim, Byung-Jin The Korean Society for Applied Biological Chemistr 2013 Applied Biological Chemistry (Appl Biol Chem) Vol.56 No.6

Characteristics of non-point source (NPS) pollution runoff from a public park in Gwangju, Korea were investigated. Results exhibited the highest pollutant concentrations at the start of the rainfall events due to their build-up and wash off processes. The average event mean concentrations (EMCs) were 27.8, 7.2, 56.3, 7.5, and 0.84 mg/L (range: 4.2-54.8 mg/L) for COD, (0.5-20.8 mg/L) for TOC, (22.3-138.4) for SS, (1.4-18.5 mg/L) for T-N, and (0.17-2.02 mg/L) for T-P, respectively. The study site presented a strong first flush effect for most rainfall events. However, no first flush effect was observed in rainfall events with small rainfall factors (e.g. intensity, amount, and runoff depth). On the other hand, the ratios of total pollution loads discharged by the first 20% of runoff volume were 32% for COD, 34% for TOC, 36% for SS, 42% for T-N, and 50% for T-P. Especially, $MFF_{20}$ (mass first flush) values of T-N and T-P were larger than those of other pollutants (COD, TOC, SS), indicating that T-N and T-P are easily transported by stormwater runoff from the public park. First flush management of T-N and T-P, therefore, is required for efficient water quality management of the public park.

설악산 국립공원의 어류분포

장민호,조가익,하진용,정광석,박성배,주기재 한국어류학회 2002 韓國魚類學會誌 Vol.14 No.4

설악산 국립공원지역 산간계류의 17개 지점에서 2000년 6월부터 2001년 6월까지 어류상 및 이화학적 요인을 계절별로 총 4회에 걸쳐 분석하였다. 모든 조사지점은 1~3차의 하천으로 비교적 물리·화학적 교란이 적었으며 하천폭은 5~30 m 정도였다. 채집된 어류는 총 18과 42종 2,557개체였고, Cyprinidae는 16종으로 84.7%의 상대풍부도를 나타냈으며, Gobiidae 4종, 5.0?의 상대풍부도를 보였다. Cyprinidae는 전체 채입종의 37.2%를 나타냈다. 우점종은 Zacco temminck로 10개 지점에서 738개체가 채집되어 28.9%의 상대풍부도를 나타냈으며, 아우점종은 Rhynchocypris kumkangensis와 Z. platypus로 각각 4개 지점 648개체(25.3%)와 7개 지점 344개체(13.5%)로 나타났다. 한국고유종(Korean endemic species)은 모두 4과 11종 781개체로 30.5%의 상대풍부도를 나타냈으며, 고유화 빈도는 25.6%로 한국의 평균 고유화 빈도와 유사하게 나타났다. 본 조사에서 외래어는 채집되지 않았다. 국립공원 내에 서식하는 어류의 다양성 유지와 회복을 위해서는 공원 내는 물론 경계지역 하천의 체계적인 관리가 요구된다. The fish fauna of mountain streams in the Seorak National Park area was investigated from June 2000 to June 2001 (4 times). All 17 sites were relatively undisturbed 1st to 3rd order streams. A total of 2,557 individuals were collected and classified into 17 families and 43 species. Cyprinidae accounted for 37.2% (16 species) of the total fish species and 84.7% (2,165 ind.) of the total abundance. Subdominant families were Gobiidae (4 species, 5.0%) and Balitoridae (3 species, 3.4%). Zacco temmincki (RA 28.9%, 10 sites) dominated. Subdominant species were Rhynchocypris kumkangensis (25.3%, 4 sites) and Zacco platypus (13.5%, 7 sites). Eleven of the species are endemic to Korea (4 families, 30.5%). Exotic species were not collected in this survey. Fish diversity was higher in streams around the boundary area than in the national park. Therefore, management of streams in the boundary area to protect the fish biodiversity can be efficiently conducted. Habitat degradation should be reduced for the conservation and restoration of fish diversity.

도시자연공원의 주요 등산로 훼손실태 분석 - 대구광역시 앞산공원을 대상으로 -

박인환,이혜영,조광진,장갑수,Park, In-Hwan,Lee, Hea-Young,Cho, Kwang-Jin,Jang, Gab-Sue 한국조경학회 2010 韓國造景學會誌 Vol.38 No.3

본 연구는 대구광역시의 대표적 도시자연공원인 앞산도시자연공원의 주요 계곡인 큰골, 안지랑골, 매자골의 주요 등산로를 대상으로 등산로의 훼손현황, 주연부 식물상을 조사하여 훼손유형분류에 따른 복원방안을 도출하여 보다 쾌적한 도시자연공원이 되도록 기초자료를 제공하고자 실시하였다. 앞산을 중심으로 조사한 3개의 등산로의 총 9km, 69개 지점에서 등산로 상태를 조사한 결과, 평균등산로 폭이 2.0~2.6m, 뿌리노출이 2,108m(23.4%), 암석노출이 3,199m(35.5%), 노면침식이 3,280m(36.6%), 토양경도가 강견($2.5kg/cm^2$)으로 4,841m(53.8%), 훼손발생지역이 83곳으로 훼손이 심각한 것으로 나타났으며, 등산로 주연부에서 확인된 식물상은 총 79과 206속 306종이었다. 귀화율과 도시화지수는 인간간섭의 정도와 강도를 나타내는 하나의 지표로서 큰골이 각각 7.0%, 5.5%, 안지랑골이 각각 8.3%, 4.5%, 매자골이 각각 8.6%, 6.2%, 전체가 각각 7.8%, 8.3%로 나타났다. 등산로 주변으로 확산되는 훼손의 진행단계와 범위를 파악하기 위한 환경피해도는 5등급 이상의 비율이 큰골이 24.3%, 안지랑골이 17.1%, 매자골이 21.6%로 큰골이 피해가 가장 심했으며, 큰골, 매자골, 안지랑골의 순으로 피해가 심하게 나타났다. 본 조사구간의 환경피해도 결과를 보면 등산로는 이용과밀로 인한 침식과 뿌리노출, 암석노출의 훼손현상이 일어나면서 등산로의 훼손이 점점 심각해지고 확산될 수 있다는 의미로 해석할 수 있다. 따라서 현재의 상태를 방치할 경우 침식이 가속화 될 뿐 아니라 뿌리노출, 암석노출, 노폭확산 등의 피해가 잇따르므로 침식구간의 정비가 시급한 것으로 판단된다. Many trails have been built and utilized in each sub-basin of Apsan Park. This study focused on the conditions and the present flora of several overused trails within three basins called Kun-Gol, Anjiroung-Gol, and Meaja-Gol in Apsan Park. There are two purposes for this study. The first is to make a plan for restoration by classifying the type of damage to these overused trails. The second is to provide preliminary data for reestablishing a more pleasant urban nature park. As a result of the survey, the average length of these trails is 9.0km and mean width is 2.0 to 2.6m. 2,108m of the sections studied(23.4% of the total) had exposed root, 3,199m of the sections studied (35.5% of the total) had exposed rock, 3,270m of the sections studied(36.6% of the total) displayed damaged pathways, and 4,841m of the sections studied (53.8% of the total) had higher soil hardness. Eighty-three areas of deterioration were found and there has been extensive property destruction. As an indication of human disturbances, the Naturalization Index and Urbanization Index appeared as: Kun-Gol, 7.0%, 5.5%; Anjiroung-Gol, 8.3%, 4.5%; Meaja-Gol 8.6%, 6.2%; in total, 7.8%, 8.3%. As a method of checking the level and extent of the damage process, an impact rating classification was used at each point on the trails. Kun-Gol had the highest rating and Anjiroung-Gol had the lowest rating in impact rating classification. With the impact rating classification, it was found that each trail would continue to worsen, meaning that roots and rocks are more likely to be further exposed and the trail width will continue to widen through overuse. An actual plan for reparations and restoration of the trails is needed through further study.

溫床用上의 理化學的 特性이 幼苗의 系質에 미치는 影響 : Park, Hwa-Sung & Kwang-Soo Kim 溫上의 異化學的 特性

朴華性,金光秀 全南大學校 農漁村開發硏究所 1982 農業科學技術硏究 Vol.17 No.1

本 實驗은 施設園藝地帶인 光山郡, 順天市, 康津郡 等에서 葉菜類와 果菜類의 育苗用 床土를 試料로 22点 分讓받아 수행하였으며 結果는 다음과 같다. 1.床土의 助成과 性質에 關與하는 가장 重要한 因子는 有機物含量인데 有機物含量이 높아짐에 따라 假比重과 眞比重은 낮았고 空隙率, 水分含量, 全窒素, 置換容量은 높아진다. 2. 葉菜類의 床土는 有機物含量이 많은 반면 果菜類床土의 경우는 그보다 낮게 나타났다. 봄결구배추床土의 有機物含量은 8.85~9.19%의 範圍로 別變化가 없었다. 3. 床土의 pH는 4.9~7.2의 範圍에 있었으며 大部分이 pH 7±1로서 中性에 가까웠다. 4. 置換性 K는 7点이 1.0m.e. 以上이었고 15点이 1.0m.e. 以下로 나타났다. 5. 苗의 바람직한 生育을 위해 P.K.의 量을 規定짓기는 어려우나 床土의 試料內에는 相當量의 養分이 含有되 있는 것을 알 수 있다. This experiment was intended to know the effects of physical and chemical properties of the excellent composts. Twenty two samples were collected from plastic covered greenhouse zone in chonnam province. The results obtained are as follows; 1. One of the most important factors in relation to the texture and other properties of the composts was the organic matter content. The higher the organic matter content were the lower the specific gravity and the apparent specific gravity and the higher the porosity, moisture content, total nitrogen and exchangeable capacity. 2. The composts for raising leaf vegetable seedlings contained higher levels of organic matter while the ones for fruit vegetable contained rather less. The organic matter contents in the composts for spring heading Chinese cabbage were not variable ranging from 8.85 to 9.19 percent. 3. Hydrogen-ion concentrations of the composts were in the range of pH 4.9~7.2 but most of them were in pH 7±1 or nearly neutral in their reaction. 4. Seven samples contained more than l.0m.e. of exchangeable potassium, and fifteen of them contained lower than l.0m.e. of it. 5. It was not clear how high of P or K levels were sufficient for the excellents in some of the samples, at least, were so high, that they seemed to contain surplus amounts of fertilizers.

圓光醫大 附屬 第2病院 神經精神科 患者에 對한 統計的 考察(Ⅱ)

박민철,장광철,김상원,김한주,유미경,김훈,유용진,김현정,박남진,오상우,이귀행,노승호,백영석 圓光大學校 醫科大學 神經精神科學敎室 1992 圓光精神醫學 Vol.8 No.1

본 연구는 1986년 7월 11일부터 1991년 7월 10일까지 원광의대 부속 제2병원 신경정신과에서 의래 및 입원치료를 받았던 6,072명의 환자를 대상으로 병원 역학조사를 실시하고 그 결과를 1차조사 (박민철 등1986)와 비교했다. 1.전체 환자 중 남자가 54.4%로 여자보다 많았고, 이리와 이리 인접지역이 84.0%로 대부분의 지역을 나타났다. 의료보장상태는 보험환자가 57.1%, 의료보호환자21.8%, 일반환자 21.1%였으며 연령별로는 20대 24.6%, 30대 22.8%로 20대 30대가 절반정도를 차지했다. 2.외래환자에서는 신경중성장애가 46.0%로 가장 많고 정동장애, 경련성장애 순이며, 입원환자에서는 정신분열증이 30.5%로 가장 많고 기질성정신장애, 정동장애의 순이었다. 3.남자는 신경증성쟝애(23.4%), 정신분열증, 기질성정신장애 순이고 여자는 신경증성장애(39.9%), 정동장애, 정신분열증의 순이었다. 남자가 여자보다 많은 진단은 알코올정신장애(94.6%), 기질성정신장애, 소아정신장애 순이고, 여자가 남자보다 많은 진단은 정동장애(64.5%), 신경증성장애였다. 4.진단별 연령분포에서 신경증성장에는 30대(25.3%), 20대, 40대 순이고, 정신분열증은 20대(40.5%), 30대, 40대 순이며, 정동장애는 20대, 30대, 50대 순이나 비교적 비슷한 융이었다. 5.진단별 발병연령에서 신경증성장에는 20대, 30대가 절반이고,정신분열증은 20대(51.3%), 10대, 30대 순이며 정동장애는 20대(30.7%), 30대, 50대 순이었다. 진단별 평균 발병연령은 신경증성장애 32.7세, 정동장애 36.1세, 정신분열증 23.6세였다. 6.진단별 이병기간은 2년이상이 신경증성장에 28.3%, 정신분열증 68.5% 정동장애 43.9%인데 전체적으로 41.0%였다. 진단별 평균 이병기간은 정신분열증 73.2개월, 정동장애 45.5개월, 신경증성장애 29.5개월이었다. We examined epidemiologic study of 6,072 patients who visited Wonkwang Neuropsychiatric hospital since July 11 of 1986 until July 10 of 1991 and compared this results with previous study(Park et al 1986). The study revealed as follows:1. Of total patients males visited this hosptial more than females as 57.1%, Most of them(84.0%) resided Iri and neighbouring Iri. In the point of insurance, insured patients, medicaid patients and uninsured patients were 57.1%, 21.8% and 21.1% respectively. On the distribution of age, the twenties, the thirties were 24.6%, 22.8% respectively and twenties and thirties were about half of total patients. 2. Of outpatients neurotic disorder was the most as 46.0%, secondly mood disorder and thirdly convulsive disorder, but of inpatients schizophrenia was the most as 30.5%, secondly organic mental disorder and thirdly mood disorder. 3. Of males neurotic disorder was the most as 23.4%, secondly schizophrenia, and thirdly organic mental disorder, but of females neurotic disorder was the most as 39.9%, secondly mood disorder and thirdly schizophrenia. alcoholic mental disorder(94.6%), organic mental disorder, child mental disorder were mostly found in males,but mood disorder(64.5%) and neurotic disorder were mostly found in females. 4. On the distribution of age neurotic disorder was found the most in the thirties(25.3%), next in the twenties and in the forties, and schizophrenia was found the most in the twenties(40.5%), next in the thirties and in the forties, but mood disorder was found the most in the twenties, next in the thirties and in the forties but revealed similar rates relatively. 5. On the distribution of age of onset neurotic disorder developed nearly half during the twrnties and the thirties, schizophrenia developed mostly during the twenties (51.3%), secondly the teens and thirdly the thirties, but mood disorder developed firstly the twenties(30.7%), secondly the thirties and thirdly the fifties. on the average age of onset of illness neurotic disorder, mood disorder and schizophrenia were 32.7 years, 36.1 years and 23.6 years respectively. 6. On the duration of illness more than two years was 28.3% in neurotic disorder, 68.5% in schizophrenia and 3.9% in mood disorder and on the average duration of illness schizophrenia, mood disorder and neurotic disorder were 73.2 months, 45.5 months and 29.5 months respectively.