Doppler ultrasound를 이용한 교정적 치아 이동 시 치수 혈류량의 변화의 측정 : 예비실험

임경섭,배영민,차정열,유형석,황충주 대한치과교정학회 2009 대한치과교정학회지 Vol.39 No.6

교정적 치아 이동 시 지속되는 압력에 의해 혈류변화가 발생하게 되며, 이러한 변화양상에 있어서 선학들의 연구 방법 및 그 결과의 다양성이 존재하였다. 본 연구에서는 Doppler ultrasound를 이용하여, 교정치료 전과 교정치료 시작 3주, 6주 후 치수 혈류량의 연속적인 변화를 알아보고자 하였다. 만 15세 이상 환자 18명을 연구대상으로 Doppler ultrasound를 이용하여 상, 하악 6전치 중 경도의 총생(2 mm 미만)을 보이는 치아(총생측정: required space-available space)와 인접치아를 포함한 3개의 치아를 대상으로 치수 혈류량의 변화를 알아보았다. 연구결과 부위별(상, 하악), 치아별, 기간에 따른 치수 혈류량의 변화는 교정 치료 시작 전과 시작 후 3주, 6주 혈류량에 유의한 차이가 없었다. 또한 치수 생활력 상실의 내재적 위험성을 비교하고자 교정 치료 시작 전 치아별로 치수혈류량을 비교하였을 때, 상악에서는 측절치, 하악에서는 견치에서 통계학적으로 유의한 차이는 나타나지 않았지만, 모든 항목에서 적은 값을 나타냈다 (p > 0.05). 본 연구의 결과는 이후에 진행될 Doppler ultrasound의 치아이동유형, 환자의 연령을 고려한 세부적인 실험 시 방법론적인 기초 자료로서 뿐만 아니라, 교정치료 시 치수 생활력의 상실에 대한 참고 자료가 될 수 있을 것이다. Objective: This study was to change of pulp blood flow among maxillary and mandibular anterior tooth with mild crowding and adjacent teeth using Ultrasound Doppler graphy. Methods: The change of pulp blood flow was measured three times using Ultrasound Doppler graphy; before the attachment of brackets, after 3 week, and after 6 week. The sample consists of 15 year old eighteen patients. Results: Before the attachment of brackets, after 3 weeks, and after 6 weeks, there were no significant differences in the change of pulp blood flow in each part (maxilla and mandible) and each tooth according to period. In addition, to compare internal dangerousness of loss of the pulp vitality, when pulp blood flow is compared in each tooth before orthodontic treatment, there were no statistically significant differences in maxillary lateral incisor and mandibular canine but it showed low values in all measurement items (p > 0.05). Conclusions: Results of this study can be not only methodological preliminary data in further study such as tooth movement type of Ultrasound Doppler graphy and particular study considered the patient age, but also reference materials for the loss of pulp vitality in orthodontic treatment.

Cyclosporin A에 의한 비만세포 고사(apoptosis)

노환중,장형준,조규섭,김유선,유영현,전경명 대한이비인후과학회 2001 대한이비인후과학회지 두경부외과학 Vol.44 No.12

계층화된 퍼지 인지도를 이용한 신뢰기반 경매시스템

김현준,류정섭,권효석,조형래 경상대학교 생산기술연구소 2003 工學硏究院論文集 Vol.19 No.-

This paper introduces trust measurement that is composed of trust variables and fuzzy cognitive map. The improved trust measuring method using a stratified FCM can be used to measure the level of risk involved in a specific auction transaction concerned. To reduce the auction transaction cost and time, the proposed system recommends a differentiated transaction protocol according to the risk based on trust measurement. In this system, trust measurement can also be applied for differentiated and varied auction services.

Online 마케팅 채널확장전략 분석

박한수,류정섭 진주여자전문대학 2002 論文集 Vol.25 No.-

Multi-channel marketing is topic significant interest to consumer marketers. Today, virtually all types of consumer products are available to consumers through multiple channels. As more and more consumers embrace alternative channels, including the Internet, for shopping, consumer marketers are likely to adapt to the multi-channel shopping trend. And many marketers are abandoning single business model approaches such as stand-alone brick and mortar(B&M) stores or Internet only operations and are turning to click and mortar(C&M) strategies, many firms now operate both internet channel and retail stores. And the issues facing the click and mortar(C&M) marketer, including cannibalization of existing sales, customer retention. We examine this questions for B&M suppliers on when they should consider expanding their distribution network to the C&M strategy. In this paper, we study the competition between two kinds of suppliers, B&M and C&M, marketing channel expanding strategy. Each firm sells a homogeneous good, using the extended circular spatial market model, we derive and analyze the Nash and Stackelberg equilibria as a function of offline market share and efficiency of online channel of the C&M supplier. The result can be summarized as follows : (1) Stackelberg equilibrium is always superior to the Nash equilibrium for both suppliers., (2) Under certain conditions, the price of online channel can be higher than that of offline channel, (3) It is impossible for the C&M supplier to encroach on all of the B&M supplier's market, but under certain conditions, online channel of the C&M may cannibalize all of the his/her offline market, (4) In some cases, profit of the C&M supplier are larger than that of the B&M supplier. Our results have important managerial implications. We provide guidelines for suppliers on when they should consider expanding their distribution network to the C&M strategy.

구매의사결정 지원을 위한 실시간 가격비교 Agent 개발

권효석,류정섭,조형래 경상대학교 생산기술연구소 2001 工學硏究院論文集 Vol.1 No.-

The proliferation of the internet and related applications has made users struggle with information overload. It means users must spend more time to find and gather necessary information they want. The agent technique is advocated by many researchers as an alternative to overcome the difficulty, which resulted in the practical use of the agent technique in Electronic Commerce more common. In this paper, we propose a realtime price comparison agent which compares the prices and services among online stores in realtime without users' intervention. The proposed agent differs from the existing ones in that (1) it does not incorporate a pre-installed price database, (2) it automatically monitors users' current status without any input from the users.

흡연에 의한 급성 호산구성 폐렴 2예

박종빈,김학렬,주현준,유태양,신성남,신정현,송정섭,황기은,김소영,양세훈,정은택 圓光大學校 醫科學硏究所 2008 圓光醫科學 Vol.23 No.2

최근 흡연을 시작한 젊은 성언에서 급성 호산구성 폐렴의 발생에 대한 증례가 보고되고 있다. 급성 호산구성 폐렴은 대개 발열을 동반하기 때문에 초기에는 감염성 폐렴으로 잘못 진단, 치료되는 경우가 많다. 아직 정확한 병태 생리 및 조직학적 소견은 밝혀져 있지 않지만 병력 청취 및 임상 양상, 방사선 소견의 관찰을 통해 급성 호산구성 폐렴을 의심하고, 진단을 위해 기관지 폐포 세척액 검사를 시행한다면 좀 더 쉽게 진단 내릴 수 있을 것이다. 본 저자들은 최근 처음 시작한 흡연에 의해 발생한 급성 호산구성 폐렴을 진단하고, 스테로이드를 투여하여 성공적으로 치료한 환자 2예를 경험하였기에 이를 문헌 고찰과 함께 보고하는 바이다. Acute eosinophilic pneumonia(AEP) is characterized by acute febrile respiratory illness associated with diffuse pulmonary infiltration and pulmonary eosinophilia. The specific etiology for acute eosinophilic pneumonia is elusive. By some investigators, cigarette smoking is suggested as a causative substance which can cause AEP. In recent, the authors experienced two cases of AEP following cigarette smoking. Both cases had characteristic features including age around 20 years, new onset smoking before occurance of AEP, diffuse infiltration on chest radiography, pulmonary eosinophilia based on bronchoalveolar lavage and acute improvement after steroid therapy. These clinical features are resemble with previous smoking induced AEP case reports. Base on these clinical features, cigarette smoking associated AEP could be diagnosed more easily.

Prediction of Decompensation and Death in Advanced Chronic Liver Disease Using Deep Learning Analysis of Gadoxetic Acid-Enhanced MRI

Heo Subin,이승수,Kim So Yeon,Lim Young-Suk,Park Hyo Jung,Yoon Jee Seok,Suk Heung-Il,Sung Yu Sub,Park Bumwoo,Lee Ji Sung 대한영상의학회 2022 Korean Journal of Radiology Vol.23 No.12

Objective: This study aimed to evaluate the usefulness of quantitative indices obtained from deep learning analysis of gadoxetic acid-enhanced hepatobiliary phase (HBP) MRI and their longitudinal changes in predicting decompensation and death in patients with advanced chronic liver disease (ACLD). Materials and Methods: We included patients who underwent baseline and 1-year follow-up MRI from a prospective cohort that underwent gadoxetic acid-enhanced MRI for hepatocellular carcinoma surveillance between November 2011 and August 2012 at a tertiary medical center. Baseline liver condition was categorized as non-ACLD, compensated ACLD, and decompensated ACLD. The liver-to-spleen signal intensity ratio (LS-SIR) and liver-to-spleen volume ratio (LS-VR) were automatically measured on the HBP images using a deep learning algorithm, and their percentage changes at the 1-year follow-up (ΔLS-SIR and ΔLS-VR) were calculated. The associations of the MRI indices with hepatic decompensation and a composite endpoint of liver-related death or transplantation were evaluated using a competing risk analysis with multivariable Fine and Gray regression models, including baseline parameters alone and both baseline and follow-up parameters. Results: Our study included 280 patients (153 male; mean age ± standard deviation, 57 ± 7.95 years) with non-ACLD, compensated ACLD, and decompensated ACLD in 32, 186, and 62 patients, respectively. Patients were followed for 11–117 months (median, 104 months). In patients with compensated ACLD, baseline LS-SIR (sub-distribution hazard ratio [sHR], 0.81; p = 0.034) and LS-VR (sHR, 0.71; p = 0.01) were independently associated with hepatic decompensation. The ∆LS-VR (sHR, 0.54; p = 0.002) was predictive of hepatic decompensation after adjusting for baseline variables. ∆LS-VR was an independent predictor of liver-related death or transplantation in patients with compensated ACLD (sHR, 0.46; p = 0.026) and decompensated ACLD (sHR, 0.61; p = 0.023). Conclusion: MRI indices automatically derived from the deep learning analysis of gadoxetic acid-enhanced HBP MRI can be used as prognostic markers in patients with ACLD.

Palmes Tube를 이용한 지역별 NO₂농도와 직종별 NO₂개인 폭로량에 관한 연구

김준연,박순우,김동일,장봉기,정경동,김두희,홍대용,정갑열,김용규,이종섭,유일수,김정만 동아대학교 의과대학 부설 산업의학연구소 1992 산업의학연구소 논총 Vol.- No.1

Indoor air quality is important to human wellbeing because people their spend much of time indoors. Current efforts to reduce ventilation rates in building may conserve energy but may also passibly empair human health and welfare through increased levels of indoor contaminants. Nitrogn dioxide( NO₂)has been regarded as one of the important indoor air pollutants. This report updates the assessment of NO₂concentrations at indoor & vehicle road and personal NO₂exposure levels by job groups in four urban cities. NO₂concentrations were measured using the diffusion tube method on 671 subjects in four cities(Pusan, Taegu, Chinju. Iri) from Dec. 1988 to Feb, 1989 and from Dec. 1989 to Feb. 1990. The results of the study obtained were as follows. Ⅰ. Indoor & vehicle road NO₂levels 1. The mean NO₂level was 37.8±19.6(8∼189)ppb and the highest with 42.2±20.5ppb at Bus & Taxi. 2. The NO₂levels by area were as follows: Pusan city, 38.3±20.3ppb: Taegu city, 41.1±17.6ppb: Chinju city, 33.0±19.4ppb: Iri city, 35.8±20.6ppb. 3. The site of the highest NO₂level in Pusan, Taegu, Chinju and Iri city were as follows: Bus & Taxi, 45.4ppb: Vehicle road, 50.8ppb: Bus & Taxi, 37.5ppb: Bus & Taxi. 45.0ppb. Ⅱ. Personal NO₂exposure level 1. The mean level of personal NO₂exposure was 42.7 ±23.1(6∼145)ppb and the highest with 54.0±25.5ppb at office workers. 2. Personal NO₂exposure levels by area were as follows: Pusan city 44.8±20.2ppb: Taegu city, 50.6±24.3ppb: Chinju city, 47.1±23.2ppb: Iri city, 48.0±27.0ppb. 3. The job group of the highest personal NO₂exposure level in Pusan, Taegu, Chinju and Iri city were as follows: Office workers, 50.3ppb: Bus & Taxi drivers, 63.8ppb: Office workers, 59.8ppb: Office workers, 60.0ppb.

논 토양에서 [<SUP>14</SUP>C]Butachlor의 대사시험

조유진(Yu-Jin Cho),안지영(Ji-Young An),정정훈(Jung-Hun Jung),정성훈(Sung-Hun Jung),임종수(Jong-Soo Lim),김찬섭(Chan Sub Kim),김종환(Jong-Hwan Kim) 한국농약과학회 2020 농약과학회지 Vol.24 No.1

This study was conducted to investigate the metabolic pathway and to calculate the DT<SUB>50</SUB> (halflife) and DT<SUB>90</SUB> of butachlor in the paddy soil (loam soil) which consisted of sterile and non-sterile conditions. The aerobic conditions were maintained with constant air flow in test vessels connected to the flow-through system and values for pH, dissolved oxygen, and redox potential were measured during the test period. Labelled radioactive substance (<SUB>14</SUB>C-butachlor) was used to detect the metabolites produced from the test substance. Six metabolites were found in the non-sterile soil, all less than 10% of applied radioactivity (AR) throughout the study. Of these, two main metabolites (N-(Butoxymethyl)-N-(2,6-diethylphenyl)-acetamide, N- (2,6-Diethyl-phenyl)-N-hydroxymethyl-acetamide) were identified by comparing to the authentic substance using radio-HPLC and LC-MS/MS, indicating that dechlorination, O-dealkylation occurred by microbes in the soil. The DT<SUB>50</SUB> and DT<SUB>90</SUB> values were calculated using the first-order kinetic, showing 25.3 and 84.0 days in the non-sterile soil, however those values in the sterile could not be calculated because no significant decrease was observed. Non-extractable residues increased to a maximum value of 45.6% AR at 62 days after treatment (DAT) but the volatile compounds and CO₂ were much lower levels (less than 0.5% AR). A majority of the non-extractable residue (bound residue) was associated with the humin fraction (21.2% AR) than the other fulvic acid (13.4% AR) and humic acid fraction (8.0% AR).

Horizontal-to-Vertical Transition of 2D Layer Orientation in Low-Temperature Chemical Vapor Deposition-Grown PtSe₂ and Its Influences on Electrical Properties and Device Applications

Han, Sang Sub,Kim, Jong Hun,Noh, Chanwoo,Kim, Jung Han,Ji, Eunji,Kwon, Junyoung,Yu, Seung Min,Ko, Tae-Jun,Okogbue, Emmanuel,Oh, Kyu Hwan,Chung, Hee-Suk,Jung, YounJoon,Lee, Gwan-Hyoung,Jung, Yeonwoong American Chemical Society 2019 ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES Vol.11 No.14

<P>Two-dimensional (2D) transition-metal dichalcogenides (2D TMDs) in the form of MX<SUB>2</SUB> (M: transition metal, X: chalcogen) exhibit intrinsically anisotropic layered crystallinity wherein their material properties are determined by constituting M and X elements. 2D platinum diselenide (2D PtSe<SUB>2</SUB>) is a relatively unexplored class of 2D TMDs with noble-metal Pt as M, offering distinct advantages over conventional 2D TMDs such as higher carrier mobility and lower growth temperatures. Despite the projected promise, much of its fundamental structural and electrical properties and their interrelation have not been clarified, and so its full technological potential remains mostly unexplored. In this work, we investigate the structural evolution of large-area chemical vapor deposition (CVD)-grown 2D PtSe<SUB>2</SUB> layers of tailored morphology and clarify its influence on resulting electrical properties. Specifically, we unveil the coupled transition of structural-electrical properties in 2D PtSe<SUB>2</SUB> layers grown at a low temperature (i.e., 400 °C). The layer orientation of 2D PtSe<SUB>2</SUB> grown by the CVD selenization of seed Pt films exhibits horizontal-to-vertical transition with increasing Pt thickness. While vertically aligned 2D PtSe<SUB>2</SUB> layers present metallic transports, field-effect-transistor gate responses were observed with thin horizontally aligned 2D PtSe<SUB>2</SUB> layers prepared with Pt of small thickness. Density functional theory calculation identifies the electronic structures of 2D PtSe<SUB>2</SUB> layers undergoing the transition of horizontal-to-vertical layer orientation, further confirming the presence of this uniquely coupled structural-electrical transition. The advantage of low-temperature growth was further demonstrated by directly growing 2D PtSe<SUB>2</SUB> layers of controlled orientation on polyimide polymeric substrates and fabricating their Kirigami structures, further strengthening the application potential of this material. Discussions on the growth mechanism behind the horizontal-to-vertical 2D layer transition are also presented.</P> [FIG OMISSION]</BR>