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      • Antitumor activity, pharmacokinetics, tumor-homing effect, and hepatotoxicity of a species cross-reactive c-Met antibody

        Park, Hyunkyu,Kim, Donggeon,Son, Eunju,Shin, Sunhwa,Sa, Jason K.,Kim, Seok-Hyung,Yoon, Yeup,Nam, Do-Hyun Elsevier 2017 Biochemical and biophysical research communication Vol.494 No.1

        <P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>The receptor tyrosine kinase c-Met plays critical roles in promoting tumor growth, invasion, metastasis, and angiogenesis in various types of cancer and is a promising therapeutic target. The development of a species cross-reactive therapeutic antibody could provide useful to comprehensive preclinical assessment in animal models. Towards this goal, we developed human/mouse cross-reactive c-Met antibodies using an antibody phage library. IRCR201, a c-Met antibody with species cross-reactivity, successfully inhibited the HGF/c-Met signaling pathway via degradation of c-Met and disruption of the binding with its partners, and demonstrated strong <I>in vivo</I> antitumor activity. In pharmacokinetic analysis, IRCR201 exhibited a nonlinear pharmacokinetic profile and showed rapid serum clearance at low dosage. <I>Ex vivo</I> fluorescence imaging and immunohistochemistry demonstrated strong tumor accumulation of IRCR201. Hepatotoxicity analysis revealed that IRCR201 does not significantly affect primary human and mouse hepatocytes. Serum chemistry analysis demonstrated that the alanine aminotransferase serum level was elevated in mice treated with 30 mg/kg IRCR201 than in PBS-treated mice, whereas the levels of aspartate aminotransferase and blood urea nitrogen did not significantly differ. Thus, IRCR201 is a potent therapeutic antibody that can disrupt the HGF/c-Met signaling axis and its species cross-reactivity would enable to evaluate precise biological activity in animal models.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> We developed a novel human and mouse cross-reactive antibody, IRCR201. </LI> <LI> IRCR201 inhibits HGF/c-Met pathway through c-Met degradation. </LI> <LI> IRCR201 interferes with crosstalk between c-Met and other RTKs. </LI> <LI> IRCR201 is highly tumor-specific and has a stable pharmacokinetic profile. </LI> <LI> IRCR201 provides exceptional anti-tumoral activity in a GBM xenograft model. </LI> </UL> </P>

      • Analysis of diffuse reflectivity of a highly disordered GaN nanostructure as an antireflection coating.

        Park, Hyunkyu,Kim, Chinkyo Optical Society of America 2012 Optics letters Vol.37 No.4

        <P>A highly disordered GaN nanostructure was grown by using hydride vapor phase epitaxy on an Si(100) substrate, and its diffuse reflectivity was measured in the 200-1200 nm spectral range by using an integrating sphere. A modified multiple-scattering-based model successfully explained the spectral distribution of diffuse reflectivity of this highly disordered GaN nanostructure.</P>

      • KCI등재

        Task-Induced Involvement Load in Korean EFL Adult Learners` Incidental Vocabulary Learning

        ( Hyunkyu Park ) 글로벌영어교육학회 2017 Studies in English education Vol.22 No.3

        The purpose of this study is to testify the Involvement Load Hypothesis (Hulstijn & Laufer, 2001) especially focusing on Korean adult learners. A total of 55 adult learners of two proficiency levels completed one of the three vocabulary tasks which are different in terms of involvement load index established by Hulstijn and Laufer (2001): reading comprehension (1), gap-filling (2) and unscrambling sentences (3). To measure the effectiveness of different task-induced involvement, a pre-test was administered to check both the participants` pre-knowledge regarding the 10 target words and to prove homogeneity of three assigned subgroups. Then, two post-tests were implemented, one immediately after the treatment and one two weeks after, to measure their short-term learning and long-term retention on the target words. For the adult learners, the difference of involvement load was a significant factor in short-term learning, whereas it was partially supported for long-term retention, because Task 2 was more influential than Task 3. Therefore, the present study suggests that a more effective task should be considered for adult learners in both low and high English proficiencies, who have different amount of time to prepare tests or study English, in teaching environments.

      • Tumor Inhibitory Effect of IRCR201, a Novel Cross-Reactive c-Met Antibody Targeting the PSI Domain

        Park, Hyunkyu,Kim, Donggeon,Kim, Eunmi,Sa, Jason K.,Lee, Hee Won,Yu, Suji,Oh, Jiwon,Kim, Seok-Hyung,Yoon, Yeup,Nam, Do-Hyun MDPI AG 2017 INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES Vol.18 No.9

        <P>Hepatocyte growth factor receptor (HGFR, c-Met) is an essential member of the receptor tyrosine kinase (RTK) family that is often dysregulated during tumor progression, driving a malignant phenotypic state and modulating important cellular functions including tumor growth, invasion, metastasis, and angiogenesis, providing a strong rationale for targeting HGF/c-Met signaling axis in cancer therapy. Based on its protumorigenic potentials, we developed IRCR201, a potent antagonistic antibody targeting the plexin-semaphorin-integrin (PSI) domain of c-Met, using synthetic human antibody phage libraries. We characterized and evaluated the biochemical properties and tumor inhibitory effect of IRCR201 in vitro and in vivo. IRCR201 is a novel fully-human bivalent therapeutic antibody that exhibits cross-reactivity against both human and mouse c-Met proteins with high affinity and specificity. IRCR201 displayed low agonist activity and rapidly depleted total c-Met protein via the lysosomal degradation pathway, inhibiting c-Met-dependent downstream activation and attenuating cellular proliferation in various c-Met-expressing cancer cells. In vivo tumor xenograft models also demonstrated the superior tumor inhibitory responsiveness of IRCR201. Taken together, IRCR201 provides a promising therapeutic agent for c-Met-positive cancer patients through suppressing the c-Met signaling pathway and tumor growth.</P>

      • KCI등재

        담헌(湛軒) 홍대용(洪大容) 화상(畵像)의 종류와 정본 선정에 관한 고찰

        박현규 ( Park Hyunkyu ) 한국실학학회 2017 한국실학연구 Vol.0 No.33

        본 논문은 향후 홍대용 화상의 정본을 정하기 위해 화상의 제작 과정과 전래, 현존본 상황과 특징에 대해 조사 분석한 것이다. 1766년(영조 42)에 조선 홍대용과 청 엄성은 북경에서 우연히 만나 흉금을 터고 학문과 세상사에 대해 필담을 나누며 천애지기로 삼았다. 이들은 헤어진 후각자 고향 집으로 돌아가 장문의 서찰을 주고받으며 우애를 쌓아갔다. 그러나 1년여 만에 엄성이 급작스럽게 죽으면서 생전의 교류는 중단되었지만, 이들이 남긴 진솔한 우정은 책자로 기술되어 세상에 널리 전해졌다. 엄성 사후에 주문조의 의해 북경 모임을 담아 『일하제금집』을 편찬되었는데, 여기에 홍대용 화상이 들어가 있다. 1766년(건륭 31) 고향으로 돌아간 엄성은 홍대용을 그리워하여 화상을 그리고 화상찬을 제했다. 엄성은 홍대용을 고결한 선비라는 뜻에서 `高士`를 화제를 삼고, 홍대용이 얼굴에 온화한 빛을 띠고 공손한 모습으로 두 손을 모아 소매 속으로 집어넣고 무릎을 구부려 마루에 대고 꿇어앉아 있는 장면을 포착해서 화상구도로 삼았다. 홍대용 화상은 병술년(1766) 엄성 원본, 정해년(1767) 모사본 계통, 경인년(1770) 재모사본 계통으로 나뉜다. 현존 홍대용 화상은 북경대학장본, 중국 국가도서관장본, 서울대학장본, 하버드대 옌칭도서관장본, 국사편찬위원회장 사진판, 북한 인민대학습당 사진판 등총 6부이다. 현존 홍대용화상은 모두 엄성 원본에서 출발했지만, 아쉽게도 나중에 거듭 모사된 것들이다. 향후 홍대용 화상의 정본을 만들 때 엄성 원본을 한번 모사한 정해년(1767) 모사본 계통의 북경대학장본과 제작년도가 가장 빠른 경인년(1770) 재모사본인 국사편찬위원회장 사진판을 기본 텍스트로 삼는다. I in this paper studied and analyzed the production process, the introduction, the condition of extant edition, and its characteristics of Hong Daeyong`s portrait to decide the original copy of the portrait hereafter. In 1766(the 42<sup>nd</sup> year of Yeongjo`s reign), Hong Daeyong of Joseon and Yan Cheng(嚴誠) of Qing met by chance in Beijing and became close friend as they spoke their bosom freely by writing about the worldly affairs. After parting and going home they developed their friendship through long letter exchange. However, their exchange during their lifetime had to stop because of Yan`s sudden death after a year of parting, their true friendship was well known to the world as their story came to be described in a book. Rixia tijin ji(日下題襟 集) was compiled after Yan`s death by Zhu Wenzao(朱文藻) who told the story of the two men`s meeting in Beijing and Hong Daeyong`s portrait was included in the book. In 1766(the 31<sup>st</sup> year of Qianlong reign), after returned to hometown Yan Cheng who missed Hong Daeyong drew the portrait of Hong Daeyong and composed a writing on the portrait. Yan Cheng took `gaoshi` as the title of the picture because Yan considered Hong as an elegant scholar. The editions of Hong`s portrait are divided into threee lines as that of Yan Cheng`s manuscript in 1766(the 31<sup>st</sup> year of Qianlong`s reign), the copied text made in the year of Jeonghae, 1767(the 32<sup>nd</sup> year of Qianlong`s reign), and the recopied one in the year of Gyeongin, 1770(the 35<sup>th</sup> year of Qianlong reign). The extant portraits of Hong Daeyong are housed in Beijing University, National Library of China, Seoul National University, Yenching Library, Harvard University. Photograph versions of Hong`s portrait are housed in National Institute of Korean History and The Grand People`s Study House of North Korea. However, all of the extant portraits of Hong are origined from Yan`s original copy, these are that of copied several times later.

      • 1818년 조선 태안에 표착한 潮州 黃岡商船

        박현규(Hyunkyu Park) 해양사학회 2025 해양담론 Vol.4 No.-

        본 논고는 1818년(가경 23)에 조선국 태안군에 표착한 潮州 黃岡商船의 제반 모습을 살펴보는 데 중점을 두었다. 조주 황강상선은 고향 南澳에서 교역을 하기 위해 북상하다가 도중에 악천후를 만나 장시일 표류하다가 조선국 태안군 加也項 앞바다에 표착하였다. 승선자는 모두 조주부 饒平縣 黃岡城 출신의 漢族 25명이다. 적재화물은 赤糖, 白糖, 洋糖(黃糖) 등 三色糖이다. 판매 가격은 白糖이 가장 높고, 洋糖(黃糖)이 다음이고, 赤糖이 가장 낮다. 반면 해관 과세는 白糖과 洋糖이 같고, 赤糖이 낮다. 해상들은 해관 검수가 소홀한 틈을 따서 화물 종류를 뒤바꾸며 과세를 줄이는 편법을 구사했다. 조주 황강상선의 건조 비용은 3천여 兩이다. 조선 지방관이 기술한 조주 황강상선의 선체 크기와 수치, 각종 기물과 수치는 당시 선박의 모습을 재현하거나 항해와 선상생활을 알아보는 데 유용하다. 해상들의 신앙 활동에서는 불교와 도교가 공존하는 현상을 보여주고 있었다. 제단에 大雄寶殿 제액과 해신 媽祖 신상이 함께 꾸며져 있었다. This study examines various characteristics of a Chinese merchant vessel from Huanggang Castle(黃岡城), Raoping County(饒平縣), Chaozhou Prefecture(潮州), during the Qing dynasty, which was washed ashore on the coast of Taean, Joseon, in 1818 (the 23rd year of the Jiaqing reign). The ship was en route northward to Nanao(南澳) for trade when it encountered severe weather conditions. After drifting at sea for several days, it eventually ran aground at Gayahang(加也項) in Taean County(泰安郡). All 25 crew members were Han Chinese(漢族) from Huanggang Castle. The ship’s cargo consisted of three types of sugar: red sugar, white sugar, and Western (yellow) sugar. Among these, white sugar was the most valuable, followed by Western sugar and red sugar. However, despite their differing market values, the customs tariffs for white sugar and Western sugar were equal and higher than that of red sugar. To reduce tariff burdens, maritime merchants sometimes changed the declared types of cargo, exploiting the negligence of customs officials. The construction cost of a typical trade vessel from Chaozhou at the time was approximately 3,000 ryang(兩). Local officials in Taean County documented the ship’s hull dimensions, measurements, and cargo composition. These records offer valuable insights into ship construction techniques and the maritime lives of the crew. Religious practices onboard also reveal cultural dimensions: Buddhist and Taoist elements coexisted, with the ship’s altar housing a tablet inscribed with “Main Hall of the Great Hero”(大雄寶殿), typically found in Buddhist temples, alongside a statue of the sea goddess Mazu(媽祖).

      • KCI등재

        금나라 張氏 묘지석 補釋

        박현규(Park Hyunkyu) 순천향대학교 인문학연구소 2020 순천향 인문과학논총 Vol.39 No.2

        This paper investigated the overall aspects of Jang(張; Zhang) s family during Jin Dynasty and the actual status in life of the displaced persons of Goguryeo‘s Northern Peoples(高句麗系 北方民族) by examining 『Geum jeung gwanglog daebu Jang haeng-won myoji(金贈光祿大夫張行願墓誌)』 and 『Geum Jang yeoyu myoji(金張汝猷墓誌)』. Jang s family had lived with keeping the identity of Goguryeo for about 500 years after a fall of Goguryeo, passing through Balhae(渤海) and Liao Dynasty(遼朝), reaching Jin Dynasty(金朝). Jang s family had always lived subconscious notion that they were the displaced persons of either Goguryeo from the long-standing perspective or Balhae that was not too long ago. The Jang s family were originally stemmed from King Dong myeong(東明王) of Goguryeo. After Goguryeo collapsed, they moved to Balhae and finally settled in Liaoyang of Liao Dynasty, since then had lived there. The carved sentences on the gravestone, which says that the Jang s family is the first ranked as a prestigious house of Liaodong, were never rhetorically expressed. They played a major role actively in the founding of Jin Dynasty to advance to the core of political power. Afterwards, they had frequently been taken positions as a government official via passing the Jinsa(進士) exam or the hereditary position as a success of the father, thereby forming the family influence. In addition, the Jang s family was able to raise the prestige of the family by maintaining a close relationship with the power of imperial family of Jin Dynasty through marriage to distinguished families in Liaodong area as well as outstanding talent and political acumen of individuals in terms of bureaucratic life.

      • KCI등재SCOPUS

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