資源不足과 國際協力問題

申鉉德 慶熙大學校 1984 論文集 Vol.13 No.-

The reality and gravity of the environmental crisis can no longer be denied. We began to understand in our bones that, whatever the causes of this particular crisis, there are not always enough material and energy to support even current levels of consumption, much less the higher levels many aspire to. Many leading technologists and environmentalists now agree that eventually we must learn to live in "steady-state" or "spaceship" societies characterized by great frugality in the consumption of resources and by deliberate setting of limits to maintain the balance between man and nature. But the major controversy on the predicament of mankind concerns the time scale. In this paper, the food and resource depletion problems are studied in close connection with the current population crisis throughout the world and try to find out some possibilities of international cooperation to solve this immediate global problem, although the resource problems are currently handled exclusively as a matter solely concerned with certain state or group of states, not easily willing to share globally or even regionally. In this area, international politics and economics are most sharply competing and conflicting one another. However, we muse learn to share the common property of mankind and manage the crustal resources more wisely in order to survive through our future generations.

環境政策의 方向設定問題 : 經濟政策과의 相關關係를 中心으로

申鉉德 慶熙大學校 1982 論文集 Vol.11 No.-

Nowadays, the contents of environmental policy cover broader areas, including the problems of how to operate monitoring system for identifying air pollution situations, how to enact environmental standards for proper management of Polluter Pays Principle(PPP) which is feasible from the technical aspect as well, or how to provide public participation systematically to the environmental impact assessment, etc. Each problem requires a definite answer, but it should be understood in such a way as to relate that any policy objective in environmental field lacking technical and economic feasibilities would certainly fail no matter how it seems to be based on the sound theoretical hypothesis. Environmental policy is closely related with economic policy of a country. If a country pursues the economic growth as its priority policy objective, environmental policy will be largely influenced by its growth objective and consequently being discouraged so long as it is not compatible with the economic policies. The purpose of this paper is, therefore, to review the interactions between environmental policy and economic policy in connection with their different as well as similar policy objectives in order to detive some conclusions for helpful suggestions to set up a sound goal for environmental policy which is also feasible from economic policy objectives.

환경권과 국가역활의 변화

신현덕 慶熙大學校 1998 論文集 Vol.27 No.-

The orthodox view that international law is concerned with the rights and obligations of states, whether inter se, or within the context of an international community, is open to two objections when applied to the protection of the environment. First, it fails to represent fully the reality of the international legal system as it applied to matters of environmental protection. Secondly there are arguments of principle in favor of more broadly based system which may accord rights, or in some cases obligations, to individuals, peoples, generations and animals or possibly to the natural environment itself. The purpose of this paper is to explore some legal problems concerning Environmental Rights and the Changing Roles of States. In regard to human rights and individual remedies, the right to a decent environment, equal access and non-discrimination, and civil liability for environmental damage in transboundary proceeding are considered. Then, in connection with criminal respnsibility, enforcement in national law, extra-territorial criminal jurisdiction, universal jurisdiction and crimes against international law are also considered. Finally, some comments on generational rights, animal rights and 'eco-rights' are made and conclude this study.

汚染管理와 自然資源의 管理

申鉉德 慶熙大學校 1989 論文集 Vol.18 No.-

The environment is composed of numerous subsystems which operate interdependently. Man is seized by all systems and in making use of them alters or impairs their functions. Not least of the subsystems is the organization of people themselves. The growing complexity of human organization and human activities given rise to equally complex environmental problems. Human settlements, rural and agricultural activities, industrialization, transportation and recreational demands are all areas where policies with an environmental outreach need to be imposed. For the purpose of regulation it is useful to distinguish three major areas of environmental management, namely (1) Pollution control, (2) Natural resources management, and (3) Environmental planning. Most programs or methods can be lilted within these categories which in turn can have the effect of concentrating action within what are otherwise fragmented management, and (3) Environmental degradation. In this paper, due to the limitation of space, contents and problems of pollution control and natural resources management are studied, and the problems concerning the environmental planning will be studied elsewhere.

본드類의 接着劑에 대한 法的規制의 問題点

申鉉德 慶熙大學校 1980 論文集 Vol.10 No.-

Recently, criminal behaviors committed by some of our youths under the influence of dangerous substances, such as paint thinners, contained in the glue by sniffing or inhaling them have become a serious social issue. Sniffing or inhaling volatile substances contained in the glue or other products are considered to be a type of drug abuse, generally classified as "dependence on intoxication inhalants." Legal control on such a behavior under the existing laws in ineffective. Drug abuse in this country is controlled either by Narcotics Law or Psychotropic Drugs Control Law, but Sniffing or inhaling dangerous substances contained in the glue cannot be effectively controlled by neither Law because glue are by no means considered to be drugs. On the other hand, dangerous substances contained in the glue, such as paint thinner, can be controlled by existing Poisonous and Deleterious Substances Law, but not the glue itself. Preventing such a behavior by our youth should be approached by not only legal means, but also diversified means through social, economic, cultural as well as educational approaches. In this respect, we should admit that legal control in such problem has only very limited effectiveness and solving drug abuse problem by legal means alone is based on the false assumption that every undesirable behavior can be controlled by the law.

環境問題의 社會的 側面

申鉉德 慶熙大學校 1985 論文集 Vol.14 No.-

The environment becomes a social problem as a result of the interchange between social and environmental processes. It is difficult, in fact, to think of the environment without people, their ways of adopting to it and their ways of adopting it to their desires. In this sense, the environment becomes problematic only in its relation to the activities and values of specific societies. Environmental problems are determined, then, by the political, economic, and cultural institutions and technological capacities which characterize different societies. Our environment is now considered a social problem, not just a problem for sciences. With huge increases in air, water and land pollution in the past quarter century, the world we now live in poses problems of health and welfare for a large portion of the population. A dirty lake or river affects not only those who live near it but the entire ecosphere, nature's rhythms and cycles, and the future functioning of humanity. A threatened environment, like a weak house close to clumbling, puts us in a precarious position. The more we produce goods that do not fit into nature's cycle (DDT, for example), the more we pollute and thus undermine our own health and well-being. In this paper, a brief history of environmental problems is reviewed, then several environmental ills, including polluted air, contaminated water, wasteland, dwindling energy, etc., were considered. Furthermore, some sociological views of the environment are also introduced and some possible countermeasures against environmental problems, such as value changes, the needs for an action, and the governmental stepping-in, are studied.

환경문제의 해결방법으로서의 국제협상

신현덕 慶熙大學校 1996 論文集 Vol.25 No.-

The global characteristic of the environment has accelerated the need for international negotiation on environmental problems. It is, therefore, timely to exaxmine the process of international negotiation on environmental problems and strive to extend a new approach to international negotiations - an approach that takes into account the complex interrelationships of modern society in dealing with the environment. The purpose of this paper is to review some aspects of a new approach to international negotiation as means to solve environmental problems more effectively. In this paper, after a brief consideration on the needs for international negotiation for solving environmental problems, characteristics of environmental negotiation are discussed, namely, its political, diplomatic, and legal backgrounds; negotiation as part of the process; and its special characteristics. Furthermore, political importance of environmental negotiation is discussed regarding political dimensions of negotiation, governments as negotiators, and other relevant negotiators. Problems concerning the treaty-making process are dealt with treaty-making, role of the lawyer-diplomat, role of the scientist, and elements of a treaty. Conclusion of this study has made a statement that there are more areas to be studies on this matter because we can find some distictive attributes of environmental negotiations.

칼라영상 입 ·출력 시스템의 칼라보정 알고리듬에 관한 고찰

신현덕,김일태,임재권,윤동한 國立金烏工科大學校附設生産技術硏究所 1995 産業技術開發硏究 Vol.11 No.-

Colors reprodued by color image processing system are affected by various physical factors and environmental conditions. Therefore it is difficult to reproduce the original object color accurately. Thus color calibrations of the input and output data of color image processing system based on spectral distributions are required. We propose a color calibration algorithm by considering spectral characteristic of the chosen color reproduction system which can be applied to device independent color reproduction using characteristic vectors of surface reflectance. The method comprised of two steps. The first step is color analysis step which reproduces the original object color from the camera output using color characteristic vectors. The second step is color synthesis step which displays the original color accurately on the monitor by considering the monitor's phosphor spectra. The spectral responsivities of camera sensors and phosphor spectral characteristics of a given monitor are evaluated. Also, to evaluate color reproducing characteristic we applied the proposed color calibration algorithm by choosing Macbeth ColorChecker's twenty four color spectra as a test color set. As a result, we reconstruct the actual color very closely on monitor using the proposed color calibration algorithm.

환경관리 분야의 재검토

신현덕 慶熙大學校 1993 論文集 Vol.22 No.-

In this paper, the environmental pollution problem is reconsidered in comparison with the closely related areas of natural resources management and environmental planning. Environmental problems in this country are generally considered th same as the pollution problem itself, ignorning the other important areas of natural resources management and environmental planning. I believe that the reconsideration of three basic of environment management, including pollution control, natural resources management and environmental planning as a interrelated integrated system will be very helpful to understand the various aspects of environmental problems more systematically. The consistent theme of this paper is concentrated more on the social aspects of the problem and reorganization of a possible systematic approach to environmental pollution problem.

『교양환경과학』의 체계화에 관한 연구

申鉉德 慶熙大學校 1994 論文集 Vol.23 No.-

Recently, environmental sciences and other environemnt-related courses are becoming a vary popular liberal art course subject in many colleges and universities. Environmental sciences, environmental studies, man and the environment, environmental pollution, environmental problems, environmental engineering, etc. are all referred to as such course subjects of environmental concerns. Nevertheless, the contents of text books and teaching trends in this subject area is chiefly concentrated on the scientific aspect of the environment alone, ignoring the other important areas of ethical, social, economic, and politcial aspects. It may be desirable to teach environment-related liberal art course more systematically in close connection with several major approaches, such as integrated approach, cross-media approach, and global approach. In this paper, three problems are studied, including (1) names of the course subject and its teaching contents ; (2) major areas of teaching staff ; and (3) relationship with "environment-related courses" of junior high and high schools.