당귀의 품질평가법에 관한 연구

조창희,김수정,이남윤,우영아,김효진 동덕여자대학교 종합약학연구소 2001 동덕약학연구지 Vol.5 No.-

Angelicae gigantis radix is the root of the perennial plant, which belongs to family Umbelliferae. However, this herbal drug has quite different chemical components according to its different geographical origin though other herbal drugs (i.e. Leonuri Herba, Xanthii Fructus and so on) show similar major constituents. In other word, the root of Angelica gigas containing the coumarin compounds is commonly used in Korea as Angelicae gigantis radix, while Angelica sinensis and Angelica acutiloba including phthalide compounds are used in China and Japan, respectively. In this paper, Near-Infrared spectroscopy was developed to determine Genus name of Angelica spp., especially Angelica gigas and Angelica sinensis which are generally misused in the herbal market. Also X-ray fluorescence spectrometry was evaluated to analyze the differences between Angelica gigas and Angelica sinensis with their specific properties.

신뢰성 제약조건을 가지는 강상형교의 최적설계

조효남,정지승,민대홍 漢陽大學校 工學技術硏究所 1999 工學技術論文集 Vol.8 No.1

구조물의 설계에는 재료의 불확실성, 시공오차 등과 같은 많은 불확실량이 포함되어 있어서, 설계되는 구조물에 절대적인 안정성을 부여한다는 것은 어려우므로 구조물의 설계시 확률적인 방법을 이용해 체계적인 설계를 할 필요가 있다. 또한 점차로 구조설계의 불확실성에 대한 고려의 필요성이 널리 인식되어 가고있는 현실이다. 따라서 신뢰성에 기초한 최적설계는 실질적인 최적설계 결과를 위한 의미 있고 합리적인 접근이라 할 수 있다. 이에 본 논문에서는 허용응력설계법(ASD)과 하중저항계수법(LRFD) 그리고 신뢰성에 기초한 최적설계를 수행하였다. 그리고 이에 따른 각각의 결과치를 비교 검토함으로서 각 설계법에 대한 최적설계의 타당성 여부를 논의하였다. 방법론을 말하자면 신뢰성 해석 알고리즘에는 개선된 1계 2차모멘트법(AFOSM)을 적용하였고, 강상형교량의 한계상태모형은 von Mises 조합음력 기준을 근거로한 BS시방서 기준을 사용하였다. 신뢰성에 기초한 최적설계의 제약조건으로는 ASD 기준들을 근거로 하였고, ASD, LRFD에 기초한 최적설계는 각각의 설계기준 들을 근거로 하였다. LRFD의 경우, AASHOTO 와 도로교시방서 각각의 경우에 대하여 고려를 하였다 LRFD에 기초한 최적화결과는 ASD에 대한 최적치보다 경제적이며 신뢰성에 기초한 최적치와도 큰 차이가 없는 것으로 나타났다. The results of optimum design by the deterministic approach heavily depend upon the safety levels adopted in the current design codes. However, it is now generally recognized that structural design problems are non-deterministic and, thus, optimum structural design must cope with uncertainties involved in the design of structures. Therefore, it may be positively stated that reliability-based optimum design is more meaningful and rational approach to obtain a real optimum design solution. In the paper, a systematic procedure for reliability-based optimum design is presented as a rational approach for the optimum structural design of steel box girder bridges. Optimum design problems of steel box girder bridges are formulated respectively based on the ASD, LRFD and reliability constraints. An advanced first-order second moment method is used as a practical tool for the reliability analysis in the reliability-based optimization algorithm. Uncertainties in the structural strength and loading due to inherent variability as well as modeling and prediction errors are included in the failure limit state of combined bending and shear. For the more precise modelling of the optimization of continuous steel box girder bridges, an interactive non-linear limit state model is formulated based on the von Mises combined stress yield criterion. The ASD criteria are used for the optimum design of box girder bridges under reliability constraints whereas both ASD and LRFD criteria are used for the codified deterministic optimization. And then, this study comparatively shows the results of the optimum designs for various criteria of design codes. In addition, the results of reliability-based optimization are compared with those of codified optimizations. It has been observed that the LRFD-based optimization provides more economical results compared to the ASD-based optimization, while the reliability-based optimization is not significantly different from the LRFD-based optimization as expected.

노후된 잔교식의 항만구조물의 신뢰성에 기초한 안전성 및 내하력평가

조효남,김성훈,노홍식,임종권,이우근 한양대학교 공학기술연구소 1995 공학기술논문집 Vol.4 No.1

This study is intended to propose a reliability based approach to safety assessment and berth-capacity rating of aged wharf structures based on measured data acquired from an extensive dynamic field load testing against berth impact of real ships. The study comprises the essential part of a project for assessing actual berth-capacity of deteriorated and damaged dolphin structures at the Onsan oil refinery wharf currently operated for the berth of oil refinery ships of 20,000 DWT.

신뢰성방법에 기초한 강교량의 잔존피로 수명 및 피로 위험도 평가

조효남,임종권,최현호 漢陽大學校 工學技術硏究所 1999 工學技術論文集 Vol.8 No.1

본 논문은 잔존피로수명 및 피로파괴 신뢰성해석 절차의 확립을 위해 피로신뢰성방법에 대한 기존 국내외 관련 연구에 대한 심도 깊은 고찰을 수행하였고 실온적인 평가방법을 제시하였다. 따라서 본 연구에서는 Miner 누적손상법칙에 기초한 S-N 피로해석이론 중에서 주로 확률적 S-N 방법과 Ang-Munse's방법에 대한 최근 평가 기술을 집중 고찰하였으며, 이를 실제 성수대교의 붕괴원인 규명에 적용해 봄으로써 그 타당성을 검증하였다. 또한 이를 위해서 성수대교의 붕괴 원인으로 추정되고 있는 핀연결 수직재의 피로응력범위의 보다 정확한 추정을 위하여 shell요소를 사용한 엄밀 국부 FEM해석이 수행되었다. This paper presents practical evaluation methods of the fatigue life and fatigue failure probability for the assessment based on all the available results of various field and labolatory tests. Therefore, both the probabilistic S-N approach and the well known Ang-Munse's fatigue reliability method based on linear damage-accumulation hypothesis, commonly known as Miner's rule, are used and demonstrated in order to verify it's appropriateness. A local FEM analysis using fine meshes shell elements is carried out for the more precise estimation of stress range of the vertical pin-connected hanger whose fatigue fracture triggered the collapse of the bridge.

FCM, ILM工法에 의한 세그멘탈 PC박스거더 橋梁의 施工間 確率的 安全度評價

조효남,최영민,소병춘 漢陽大學校 工學技術硏究所 1997 工學技術論文集 Vol.6 No.1

In this paper, for the reliability-based safety assessment of segmental PC box girder bridges during construction, a set of strength limit state models are suggested for the box girder and the temporary piers associated with the segmental erection methods such as Incremental Launching Method(ILM). The reliability of the structures using the proposed practical limit state model is evaluated by using the second moment(AFOSM) and simulation (MCS) methods. Also, the proposed models for the two typical election methods are applied to the safety assessment during construction stage for the two real bridges, Gang-Dong Grand bridge erected by the FCM, and New Haengju Grand bridge erected by ILM, which was collapsed during construction 5 years ago in Seoul. In order to assess the relative reliability and risk level associated with the two erection methods, the results of safety assessment are thoroughly compared with each other. Based on the observations, it may be stated that the proposed models may be implemented as rational and practical method for the safety assessment of segmental PC box girder bridges during construction stage.

도로판형교의 Life-Cycle Cost 최적설계

조효남,민대홍,조준석 漢陽大學校 工學技術硏究所 2000 工學技術論文集 Vol.9 No.1

본 연구에서는 강판형교에 대하여 총기대비용을 최소화하는 최적설계모델을 제안하였다. 총기대비용은 전체 공용기간을 고려하여 초기비용(설계비용, 개통전 검증재하시험비용, 건설비용), 유지보수비용 및 기대파괴비용을 포함하고 있다. 설계변수들에 대해 총기대비용을 최소화하는 문제로 정식화하였고, 거동제약조건은 휨파괴와 전단파괴의 형태로 되어 있다. 이러한 총기대비용 최적설계를 수행함으로써 효율적이고 합리적인 비용산정을 통해 총기대비용 설계의 근거를 제시하고 구조물 총기대비용에 관한 민감도 분석을 하였다. 수치해석을 통해 본 연구에서 제안된 총기대비용에 근거한 강판형교의 최적설계가 기존 초기비용 설계에 비해 훨씬 합리적이고 경제적인 설계가 될 것이며 향후 구조물 설계에서 추구해 나가야 할 차세대 성능기준 설계와 매우 밀접한 설계법임을 알 수 있다. This paper presents an optimum design model for minimizing the life-cycle cost (LCC) of steel plate girder bridges. The point is that it takes into account service life process as a whole, and thus the life-cycle costs include initial (design, testing, and construction) costs, maintenance costs and expected failure costs. The problem is formulated as that of minimization of expected total life-cycle cost with respect to the design variables. The performance constraints are considered in the form of flexural failure and shear failure. By processing the optimum LCC design the effective and rational basis is proposed for calculating the total LCC and the sensitivity analysis of LCC is performed. Based on a numerical example, it may be positively stated that the optimum LCC design of steel plate girder bridges proposed in this study provides a lot more rational and economical design, and thus the proposed approach will expedite the development of new concepts and design methodologies that may have important implications in the next generation performance-based design codes and standards.

불확실성 모델링을 사용한 지하철 건설공사의 확률적 위험도분석

조효남,최현호 漢陽大學校 工學技術硏究所 2000 工學技術論文集 Vol.9 No.1

본 논문은 실제 건설공사에 적용할 수 있는 합리적이고도 체계적인 확률적 위험도분석 평가기법에 관한 연구로서 자료가 절대적으로 부족한 국내 현실에서 효과적으로 적용할 수 있는 위험도분석평가 모델을 제안하였다. 제안된 위험도분석평가 모델은 퍼지기법을 이용하여 전문가의 주관적인 판단을 위험도분석평가에 효과적으로 정량화 함으로써 분석 데이터가 부족한 국내 현실에서도 쉽게 적용 가능하게 하였으며, 언어적 불확실량의 모델링을 위해서 언어적이고 정성적인 표현을 정량적이고 확률적인 표현으로 전환하는 퍼지집합이론을 고려했다. 또한 적절한 분석기법 및 절차를 포함하고 있는 본 논문에서 제안한 절차를 바탕으로 전형적인 지하철 건설프로젝트의 위험도분석평가에 적용하여 건설공사 프로젝트를 위한 위험도 분석평가 모형의 적용성을 검증하였다.

한·일 대학유도선수의 체력 비교연구 : 용인대·동해대 선수를 중심으로

남종선,조효구 龍仁大學校 武道硏究所 1997 武道硏究所誌 Vol.8 No.2

The main concern of the study was to compare the difference of body composition, physical fitness and motor ability along with individual skills and injuries caused by practice, between maie judo players of Yongin, and ?? Donghae Universities, who represent Korea and Japan. The sample size were 36 males from Yongin university in Korea and 67 from Donghae University in Japan. Questionaire survey was appiled for the investigation, which contained 13 items for the knowledge and attitudes toward Judo, 13 items for body composition, and 11 items for physical fitness and motor ability. The analysis of data yielded the following results. (1) Seoinage was the most favorite individual skill in both schools, however nage was adapted very frequently by 40% of Yongin University players, and 20% of Donghae University players. (2) Among some of the players who were away from practices about 1 month because of injuries, shoulder was the most common part caused injuries with 41%, and elbow the next with 30% in Yongin University, which meanes the mostly upper arm injury, however, 45% on knee and 23% on shoulder in Donghae University. (3) Big difference were not found between the two schools in body composition, however, Donghae University was slightly better in neck, chest upper arm. (4) Donghae University showed better records in muscle strength, grip strength, bench press, and running, but flexibility was higher in Yongin University.

GFRP 적층복합재료관의 신뢰성해석

조효남,이승재,최영민 한양대학교 공학기술연구소 1992 공학기술논문집 Vol.1 No.1

In general, the strength and stiffness of laminated composite cylindrical shells are very sensitive to the variation of slenderness parameters, some coupling-stiffness parameters, lamination angles, stacking sequence and number of lagers. In the paper, the effects of these factors on the strength and buckling reliabilities of GFRP laminated cyclindrical shells ale investigated based on the proposed strength and buckling limit state models. It may be concluded that the applicable ranges of the slenderness limits of the strength and buckling failure criteria for laminated composite cylindrical shells should be indentified and incorporated into the design formula with appropriate safety factors which provide uniform consistent reliability for balanced design in practice.

Latex Modified Concsdrete 교면공법을 이용한 포장공법의 Life Cycle Cost 분석

조효남,최현호,정평기,이상윤 漢陽大學校 工學技術硏究所 2001 工學技術論文集 Vol.10 No.-

라텍스 개질 콘크리트(Latex Modified Concrete : 이하 LMC라 약칭함)는 방수성, 동결성 등에서 뛰어난 재료이기 때문에 과거 35년 전부터 전 세계적으로 널리 이용되고 있는 포장재료이다. 그러나 아직 국내에서는 고가의 초기공사비 부담으로 인하여 시공실적이 전무한 실정이다. 따라서, 본 연구에서는 현재 우리나라에서 초기도입단계에 있는 라텍스 개질 콘크리트 교면 포장공법을 위한 LCC 분석 절차 및 사용자비용 모델을 제안하고자 하였고, 이러한 절차 및 모델에 기초하여 실제 대상교량의 포장공사에 적용하여 LMC의 LCC 측면에서의 비용 절감효과를 정량적으로 조사하고자 한다. Latex Modified Concrete(LMC) has been widely used for the pavement of highway bridges over the past 35years around the world since it is more resistant to the intrusion of chloride ions, has higher tensile, compressive, and flexural strength, and has greater freeze-thaw resistance. However, in Korea, it has not been introduced to fields due to higher initial construction cost for its overlay than conventional pavement materials. Due to durable characteristics, it should be noted that the LMC may be more cost-effective than conventional pavements such as asphalt pavement considering life-cycle cost(LCC) concept. The objective of this study is intended to suggest a practical LCC analysis model for pavement projects and to demonstrate relative cost-effectiveness of the LMC overlays in comparison with conventional pavement techniques. It may be stated that the procedure proposed in this study may be utilized for making optimal decision on cost-effective pavement design.