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RISS 인기검색어
- 검색키워드
- 저자 : ( Hyeng Kun Kim ) (검색결과 5 건)
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Reflective Chaos: The Significance of Mirror Images in Ellison’s Invisible Man
( Hyeng Kun Kim ) 한국현대영미소설학회 2020 현대영미소설 Vol.26 No.4
This paper aims to expound the thematic, structural, and narratological significances of mirror images in Ralph Ellison’s Invisible Man (1952). Suggested by the recurrent mirror metaphors in the narrative is a world in which heterogeneous and often contrasting elements mirror one another within and across boundaries, invalidating the rationality of epistemological categorization evinced in the protagonist’s quest for self-construction. Indeed, the protagonist’s experience throughout the narrative can be characterized by repeated variations on a theme of castration. Such repeated frustrations entrap the invisible man in the structure of mise en abyme and debunks the supposed progression in the narrative proper, a problem further brought into recognition by the political structure of modern America that keeps its black population ‘running in the loop.’ It is after his literal plunge into the subterranean abyss that the invisible man through his self-reflection comes to terms with the reflective chaos of his identity and the reality. As a narrator, he elicits a creative possibility from his experience of this reflective chaos to construct his own discursive mirror on which are reflected the images of multiplicitous entities that compose America. Thus does the narrator transform what has previously imprisoned him into a modus operandi for liberating the consciousness not only himself, but also his race, the social minorities, and the nation transposed onto his reflective and reflecting narrative.
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( Hyeng Kun Kim ) 한국근대영미소설학회 2020 근대 영미소설 Vol.27 No.1
This paper analyzes the naturalist imagination of human nature evinced in Frank Norris’s McTeague: A Story of San Francisco (1899), which traces man’s dark instincts to the combination of individual, social, and universal factors. Norris processes the predominating scientific discourses on human nature in the nineteenth century into a more complex form of human saga, portraying the steps by which the societal advancement distorts an individual’s fundamental desire for affection and power, which in turn interacts with their inherited or acquired attributes. This chemistry is crystallized in the depiction of the novel’s titular protagonist, whose innately primitive, literal, and coarse-grained bent is continuously put at cross-purposes with the regulations of a civilized society that revolves around Lacanian signifiers. This incongruence between the society and the individual eventuates in the man’s insanity and degeneration until he is literally pushed to his demise in the midst of the savage desert he hails from. With all due acknowledgement of the evident racist and sexist undercurrents pulsating through the narrative, Norris’s naturalist imagination does have the potential to be revisited today as one of the rare novels that strives for a multi-dimensional explication of insanity and degeneration, the cloven hoof of human nature that has to this day been either disregarded or sensationalized as grotesqueries for frissons in the canon of English literature.
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A Romantic Impossibility: The Pitfalls and Values of Self-Construction in Moby Dick
( Hyeng Kun Kim ) 미국소설학회(구 한국호손학회) 2019 미국소설 Vol.26 No.2
This paper centers around the idea of ‘self-construction,’ an attempt at which is made by the two main characters of Moby Dick: Ahab and Ishmael. The central argument is that this attempt at fleshing out one’s own identity and dignity, although bound for disintegration, is nevertheless pregnant with internal values. The endeavor proceeds from the “heartless voids and immensities of the universe,” in which humans are engendered ex nihilo and left to universal vulturism without knowing the whys and wherefores of their Being. Hence, the aforementioned characters in the novel seek to establish the order of their Selves by conquering the inscrutable world of Other. Nevertheless, the interpenetration of Self and Other baffles their endeavors to carve out the former by understanding the latter. This loss of demarcation between Self and Other engenders that “ungraspable phantom of life” which involves humanity in a circular toil. Despite the futility of the quest, nonetheless, undergirding their attempts at self-construction are two intrinsic values that defy the logic of teleological progression. First, the process of acting for a purpose imbues Ishmael’s life with an existential mainspring, preventing him from losing himself in the “Descartian vortices” of morbid nihilism. Second, the normative values that the assayers feel in their trial is held as a touchstone of truth that eclipses the calculation of result. In case of Ahab, his remonstration with God’s dereliction and irresponsibility emanates a crying pursuit of democratic justice for humanity. In this sense, the novel’s display of human failures is less a call for a categorical abandonment of what is bound to fail than an allusion to the lofty values that keep humans gravitating towards those ‘failures’ despite the futility.
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