학생청소년의 불안성향과 문제행동 유형간의 상관분석

김헌수,이재우,나철,김영돈,김민호,김은희,권지란,박광식,이길홍,민병근 중앙대학교 의과대학 의과학연구소 1987 中央醫大誌 Vol.12 No.4

The purpose of the present study was to examine the relationship between their problem behavioral pattern and anxious trends among Korean student adolescent. Zung's measurement of anxiety level undergone through used of the self-rating anxiety scale. the data were collected through the questionaire survey which was conducted on Dec.1, 1983. Subjects served for this atudy consisted of 1,404 syudents in Korea, randomly sampled from Korean student population by means of census method. The data were analysed by CDC-174 computer of KAIST, using SPSS pogram. Statistical methods empoyed were χ^2 test and Eta measures. the results of this study were as follows. 1. It showed that students psychological anxious trends had greatest significant correlation with adolescent student's problem brhavioral pattern, but the cardiovascular, respiratory, gastrointestional and genitourinary anxious trends has not significantly related with student's problem behavioral pattern. 2. Students group with undersocialized aggressive, undersocialized nonaggressive,undersocialized school-norm avoidant, or socialized nonaggressive behavioral patterns were less anxious, whereas those with socialized latent aggressive, socialized sexual, or socialized modellong behavioral patterns were higher anxious.

주요 선진국의 의약품 분류 및 재분류 사례 비교

김헌식 충북대학교 의과대학 충북대학교 의학연구소 2013 忠北醫大學術誌 Vol.23 No.2

연구목적: 올바른 의약분업 시행을 위해 중요한 요소인 국내 의약품분류의 개선에 참고자료로 활용하 기 위해 주요 외국의 의약품분류 및 재분류 사례를 조사하여 우리나라 현황과 비교하고자 하였다. 대상 및 방법: 주로 비처방용 의약품들에 대한 국제적인 의약품분류 및 재분류 현황을 DB로 제공하고 있는 WSMI(world self-medication industry)에서 우리나라를 포함해 주요 9개국의 의약품분류 현 황 데이터베이스를 제공받아 비교 분석에 활용하였다. 결과: 우리나라는 비교 대상이 된 미국, 일본 등 주요 선진국에 비해 더 많은 종류의 비처방 의약품들 을 사용하고 있다. 처방약과 비처방약의 상대적 비율은 0.49로 비교 대상국 중 영국을 제외하고 가장 낮아 처방약에 비해 비처방약이 상대적으로 많은 상태에 있다. 각국의 재분류 사례를 비교한 결과, 우 리나라는 비교 대상국 중 분류전환(switch) 실적이 가장 낮은 것으로 확인되었다. 결론: 우리나라는 주요 선진국에서 사용하지 않는 불필요한 의약품들을 다수 사용하고 있으며 상대적 으로 더 많은 의약품들이 비처방약으로 분류되어 있는 것으로 평가된다. 의약품 재분류 제도의 운영도 비교 대상국들에 비해 매우 미흡한 것으로 확인되었다. 현행 의약품분류의 개선과 향후 의약품 재분류 제도의 활성화가 요구된다.

킬레이트 형성기로서 Ethylenediamine을 도입한 다공성 중공사막에 의한 금속이온의 흡착특성

김헌석,김민,이영기,김병식 동국대학교 산업기술연구원 1999 산업기술논문집 Vol.14 No.-

폐수나 초순수 중의 금속이온을 효율적으로 회수하기 위해 킬레이트 형성기로서 에틸렌디아민(EDA)을 방사선그래프트중합법에 의해 생성된 그래프트 체인에 도입하였다. 그래프트율에 따른 에틸렌디아민기의 밀도를 측정하였으며, 그래프트율 177%의 경우 4.25mol/kg으로 나타났다. 에틸렌디아민기가 도입된 중공사막의 금속이온에 대한 흡착용량은 투과법에 의해 측정되었다. 투과압력의 변화에 무관한 흡착용량을 나타내었으며, 흡착된 금속이온은 용리액에 의해 100% 용리가 되었다. 구리(Cu)와 카드뮴(Cd)의 2성분 흡착에서는 구리이온이 카드뮴이온을 치환흡착 하는 것을 알 수 있었다. An ethylenediamine(EDA)-group as a chelate forming group was appended onto a hollow fiber membrane for effective recovery of metal ion from waste water or ultra pure water by radiation-induced graft polymerization of an epoxy-group-containing monomer, glycidylmethacrylate(GMA), and subsequent chemical modification. The density of EDA-group was investigated as a function of the degree of GMA grafting(dg), and it was 4.25mol/kg in case of the dg 177%. The adsorption of metal-ion onto toe EDA-hollow fiber membrane was measured by the permeation method. The metal adsorption capacity during permeation of a copper solution through the EDA-hollow fiber at various flow rate demonstrated that a higher flow rate is not affected to the collection efficiency. In the binary adsorption of Cu^2+/Cd^2+, we could see that Cu^2+ ion was substituted for Cd^2+ ion and adsorbed finally.

골관절염 환자에서 관절내 Sodium Hyaluronate(Hyruan®)의 투여가 슬관절통에 미치는 영향

김훈정,임경준,위상우,정종달,유벙식,안태훈,소금영 조선대학교 2000 The Medical Journal of Chosun University Vol.25 No.2

Background : Sodium Hyaluronate has been found to be deficient in the synovial fluid of patients with osteoarthritis. We evaluate the effect of intraarticular Sodium Hyaluronate(Hyruan®) on the knee joint pain in patients with osteoarthritis. Method : Ten patients with osteoarthritis of the knee were participated in this study. Sodium Hyaluronate was injected into knee joints weekly for 5 weeks consecutively. Clinical evaluations were performed using visual analogue scale(VAS) for pain, tenderness and swollen joint counts weekly for the first 5 weeks and at 10 weeks postinjection. Result : VAS, tenderness and swollen joint were all significantly improved from 2 weeks to 10 weeks. There was no complication, except pain on injection site in two patients. Conclusion : Intraarticular injection of Sodium Hyaluronate has been shown to be effective on the treatment of patients with osteoarthritis of the knee.

청소년과 약물문제

김헌수,유영식,나철,이철,민병근 중앙대학교 의과대학 의과학연구소 1988 中央醫大誌 Vol.13 No.3

Few literatures in the area of substance abuse in adolescent exist in Korea. Accordingly, it will be necessary to investigate the causes of substance abuse in adolescent, and practitioner must recognize the meaning of the drug abuse for the individual in his environmental and developmental context as well. Furthermore, the practitioner should be aware of the syndromes elicited by substance and differential diagnostic procedures by chemical assay or other lab findings. Effective multimodality ways of confronting issues in a therapeutic and a preventive manner must be developed, because of a component of complex and multifactor of treatment in drug abuses.

동시성 공유정신병 : 일란성 쌍생아 자매의 역할반전 Case Formulation of Role Reversal

신화식,유희정,김헌수,김현실,민병근 울산대학교 의과대학 1995 울산의대학술지 Vol.4 No.1

The twin sisters case of folie simultanee is reported here in this paper. A case of folie simultanee is described as two or more people becoming psychotic simultaneously and sharing the same delusion. The results of psychodynamic approach for this case are as follows. 1. There are a variety of conflicting hypotheses on the orgin of the disorder, ranging from the etiological explanation of organic factor to various psychodynamic approach. In this case, there is no evidence of hereditary factor on the laboratory findings and family history. Therefore the authors stressed that the psychodynamic formulation of the disorder is on the importance .of the etiological rol. It seem significant to describe that the etiology is multidimensional and includes factors such as character structure formation in processing of object relations, the emotional relationship between the partners, socio-environmental conditions and hereditary predisposition. 2. There are two issues in folie simultanee. The one is related to diagnosis. It is consider to distinguish the inductor from the recipient. The other is subject to treatment. It is important to determine whether separate the inductor and recipient by admitting the inductor for a psychiatric center or not. Furthermore, the inductor and recipient's weak ego state should be recognized in planning various psychiatric treatments. 3. It could be found in the role reversal phenomenon between the inductor and recipient during long-term course.

청소년이 지각한 근친상간의 가족역동

申和湜,金憲秀 대한소아·청소년정신의학회 1995 소아청소년정신의학 Vol.6 No.1

척수강내 Bupivavacain에 첨가한 소량의 Neostigmin의 진통효과와 부작용

소금영,정종달,김병철,유벙식,안태훈,김훈정,임경준 조선대학교 2000 The Medical Journal of Chosun University Vol.25 No.2

Background : Spinal cholinergic receptor has been shown to have a antinociceptive action, an effect that can be mimicked by spinal cholinesterase inhibitor. Intrathecal injection of neostigmine cause analgesia and adverse effect in a dose-dependent pattern in the patients. The purpose of this study was to determine whether small doses of intrathecal neostigmine (10, 25 and 50 ㎍) produce analgesia and any side effects. Method : After getting informed consents, 60 patients scheduled for orthopedic surgery of lower extremities under spinal anesthesia were randomly assigned to one of four groups. Using dose-ranging design, patients received either normal saline or neostigmine l0, 25 or 50 ㎍ in a 1-㎎ solution of 5% glucose in normal saline with heavy bupivacaine 12 ㎎. Heart rate, blood pressure, degree of motor and sensory block were recorded. The assessment of postoperative analgesia included time to first rescue, total number of rescue medication and pain score on visual analog scale (VAS) at 1, 3, 6, 9, 12, 24 hour. Nausea and vomiting were assessed by using the visual analog scale at 24 hr postperatively and the incidence of them was recorded postoperatively. Result : There were no significant differences among the four groups in characteristics of spinal blocks. Compared to saline, neostigmine groups significantly prolonged time to first rescue medication and decreased total number of rescue medication and pain visual analog scale score, but incidence of nausea and 24hr nausea VAS score were not increased in neostigmine group compared to control group. Conclusion : These data in patients injected intrathecal neostigmine suggest that analgesia may occur at doses less than neostigmine 50 ㎍ and neostigmine 50㎍ has a better analgesia effect with fewer side effects than other doses for postoperative analgesia.

혈관평활근세포에서 산화에너지대사 억제에 의한 아밀로이드전구단백질 대사의 변화

한문구,최웅,김헌식,안희열,한설희 대한치매학회 2002 Dementia and Neurocognitive Disorders Vol.1 No.1

Background: A reduction in the activity of cytochrome c oxidase(COX) has been recently identified in mitochondria from platelets and postmortem brain tissue of AD patients Sodium azide (NaN₃). a COX inhibitor, is an effective chemical agent producing energy shortage and oxidative stress both in vitro and in vivo system Furthermore it has been suggested that vascular compromise could be either directly involved AD pathogenesis or indirectly associated with triggering pathogenetic events leading to AD This study was performed to investigate amyloid precursor protein (APP) metabolism by inhibition of mitochondrial energy metabolism in cultured vascular smooth muslce cells (VSMCs) Materials and Methods: VSMCs isolated from the aorta of seven weeks old Spraque-Dawley rat were treated with NaN₃in a low concentration (100-500μM) or in a high concentration (1-100mM) Cellular proliferation and viability were determined by MTS (3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-5-(3-carboxymethoxyphenyl)-2-(4-sulfophenly)-2H-tetrazolium) assay Cellular APP was detected with N-terminal specific antibody 22C11. Celldeath was determined by observation of morphology and terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase-mediated dUTP-fluorescein nick end labeling stain (TUNEL) We used ginkgo biloba extract(EGb761) and melatonin as anti-oxidants to investigate the mechanism of latered APP metabolism Results: The viability of VSMCs was increased after treatment with 1 mM and 10mM NaN₃(p<0.05) unitl 3 hr and then dimnished Many TUNEL positive cells were found in 10mM and 100mM treatment group. but were not apoptotic in nature 22C11 immunoreactivity was not changed at 3 hr, 6hr, 12hr Anti-oxidants reduced cellular proliferation (p<0.05). but did not block TUNEL positivities and did not influence the 22C11 immunoreactivity In a low concentration NaN₃ treatment group the viability of VSMCs was increased concentration dependently(p<0.05) Immunoblot with 22C11 showed the concentration dependent decrease at 145 kDa, 125 kDa. and high molecular weight range (>160kDa) TUNEL staining showed DNA fragmentations and condensations of nuclear chromatin suggesting apoptosis After treatment with anti-oxidants, the cellular proliferation was more decreased (p<0.05), and TUNEL positive cell deaths were blocked Immunoreactivities of 125 kDa (immature APP). 145 kDa (mature APP). and higher molecular weight bands were recovered below 400μM of NaN₃ Immunoreactivity of 145 kDa was recovered in 100 μM NaN₃ treated group Conclusions: The presumed mechanism of low concentration COX inhibitor is the overproduction of reactive oxygen species resulting from a depression of the mitochondiral electron transport chain. whereas potential consequence of high concentration COX inhibitor might be related to decreassion of ATP synthesis and bioenergetic impairment Reactive oxygen radicals in response to low concentration COX inhibitor alter the processing of APP in VSMCs This investigation demonstrated analtered APP metabolism as a peripheral marker of AD Therefore VSMCs treated with low concentration COX inhibitor could be concsidered as a novel in vitro model of AD.

감초추출물 첨가가 청국장의 품질에 미치는 영향

황성희,정헌식,김순동,윤광섭 동아시아식생활학회 2004 동아시아식생활학회지 Vol.14 No.6

This study was conducted to investigate the effects of Glycyrrluizia uralensis water extract on the quality of Cheonggukjang(fermented soybean paste). Soybeans were soaked for 24 hrs, steamed for 1 hr at 121 , mixed with G. uralensis extract(0, 1, 3 and 5%) and fermented for 54 hrs at 40 after inoculation of Bacillus lichenifomis. The amounts of viscous substance and reducing sugar, and pH of the products were increased when the G. uralensis extract was added. The color of the products was changed to dark yellow by the addition of G. uralensis extract. Ammonia odor and bitter taste decreased as the G. uralensis extract content increased. The products added with 5% of G. uralensis extract showed higher acceptability scores than the others. Results suggest that the water extract of G. uralensis could be used as an additive to improve the quality of Cheonggukjang.