http://chineseinput.net/에서 pinyin(병음)방식으로 중국어를 변환할 수 있습니다.
변환된 중국어를 복사하여 사용하시면 됩니다.
NAND 플래시 메모리에서 업데이트 패턴을 고려한 효율적인 페이지 할당 기법
김희태(Hui-Tae KIM),김경석(Kyong-Sok Kim) 한국정보과학회 2009 한국정보과학회 학술발표논문집 Vol.36 No.2B
플래시 메모리는 일반 디스크와 달리 덮어 쓰기가 불가능하다. 대부분의 플래시 메모리 파일 시스템은 데이터를 수정할 때 새로운 공간에 데이터를 쓴 뒤, 기존의 데이터는 무효화(invalid) 시키는 방법(non in-place update)을 사용한다. 가비지 컬렉션(Garbage Collection)은 무효한 페이지를 포함하고 있는 블록을 선택하여 해당 블록내의 유효한(valid) 페이지를 다른 공간에 복사하고, 그 블록을 소거하여 블록 내 모든 페이지를 다시 쓸 수 있는 상태로 변경시킨다. 가비지 컬렉션 연산은 플래시 메모리의 성능에 직접적인 영향을 미치는 요소이다. 본 논문에서는 데이터의 업데이트 패턴에 따라 Hot 데이터와 Cold 데이터로 구분하고 서로 다른 블록에 할당함으로서 가비지 컬렉션을 수행할 때 발생하는 페이지의 복사 횟수를 최소화하여 가비지 컬렉션 비용을 줄이는 효율적인 페이지를 할당 기법을 제안한다. 제안하는 기법은 임베디드 보드에서 플래시 전용 파일 시스템인 YAFFS를 수정하여 구현하였다. 성능 평가 결과 기존의 YAFFS 보다 가비지 컬렉션 연산 중 발생하는 유효 페이지 복사 횟수를 줄여 성능 향상이 나타남을 확인할 수 있었다.
( Sae Ahm Kim ),( Hak Su Kim ),( Hui Kyong Kim ),( Hye Jeong Cho ),( So Dam Hong ),( Jae Kyoung Shin ),( Hee Jin Hong ),( Kwang Hyun Ko ) 대한내과학회 2014 대한내과학회 추계학술발표논문집 Vol.2014 No.1
We report unusual case of arising two cancers, pancreatic head cancer and cholangiocarcinoma in intrahepatic duct (IHD), in 43-year-old woman who have undergone excision of choledochal cyst and Roux-en-Y hepaticojejunostomy. Patient fi rst visited hospital in 2002, diagnosed by CT as choledochal cyst (Todani-type IVa) and multiple stones in common bile duct, IHD, and gall bladder. After surgery, IHD stones were repeatedly detected on CT and treated by percutaneous transhepatic cholangioscopy (PTCS) in 2003, 2004, 2007, and there were no fi ndings suggesting malignancies. In 2008, abdomen CT and positron emission tomography (PET) scan for evaluation of elevated total bilirubin (4. 89 mg/dL) showed 25 mm sized mass in pancreas head suggesting malignancy. Pathologic report about tissue from pylorus-preserving pancreaticoduodenectomy, July 3, 2008, was moderately differentiated adenocarcinoma with extension of tumor to distal common bile duct and duodenal serosa. With diagnosis of stage III (T4 N1 M0) pancreatic head cancer, concurrent chemoradiotherapy from October 31, 2008 to October 23, 2009 was done, and her disease was cured. 2011, during removal of right IHD stone (detected on CT) by PTCS, papillary-growing mucosal lesion was showed in IHD near hepaticojejunostomy site. Biopsy resulted adenocarcinoma, it diagnosed as cholangiocarcinoma limited in mucosa. 2 times of photodynamic therapy, more than 10 times of argon plasma coagulation and following 3 times of brachytherapy via PTBD were failed eradication cholangiocarcinoma. 2013, abdomen CT and PET scan showed progression of cholangiocarcinoma with 6 cm infi ltrative lesion in central portion of IHD. Systemic chemotherapy with gemcitabine and cisplatin was started with recent application of radiofrequency ablasion (RFA) therapy. In conclusion, close and long term follow-up for pancreatic cancer and bile duct cancer in patients who have undergone excisional surgery for choledochal cyst should be mandatory.
Kim Si-Ho,Wi Yu Mi,Yun Su Yeon,Ryu Jeong Seon,Shin Jung Min,Lee Eun Hui,Seo Kyung Hwa,Lee Sung Hee,Peck Kyong Ran 대한의학회 2021 Journal of Korean medical science Vol.36 No.14
Coronavirus disease 2019 vaccinations for healthcare workers (HCWs) have begun in South Korea. To investigate adverse events (AEs) of the first dose of each vaccine, any symptom was collected daily for seven days after vaccination in a tertiary hospital. We found that 1,301 of 1,403 ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 recipients and 38 of 80 BNT162b2 recipients reported AEs respectively (90.9% vs. 52.5%): injection-site pain (77.7% vs. 51.2%), myalgia (60.5% vs. 11.2%), fatigue (50.7% vs. 7.5%), headache (47.4% vs. 7.5%), and fever (36.1% vs. 5%; P < 0.001 for all). Young HCWs reported more AEs with ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 than with BNT162b2. No incidences of anaphylaxis were observed. Only one serious AE required hospitalization for serious vomiting, and completely recovered. In conclusion, reported AEs were more common in recipients with ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 than in those with BNT162b2. However, most of the reported AEs were mild to moderate in severity. Sufficient explanation and preparation for expected AEs required to promote widespread vaccination.
Kim, Sanghoon,Jamalzadeh, Navid,Zare, Yasser,Hui, David,Rhee, Kyong Yop Elsevier 2018 PHYSICA B-CONDENSED MATTER - Vol.541 No.-
<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>In this paper, a conventional Hashin-Hansen model is developed to analyze the tensile modulus of polymer/CNT nanocomposites above the percolation threshold. This model for composites containing dispersed particles utilizes the aspect ratio of the nanofiller (α), the number of nanotubes per unit area (N), the percolation threshold ( <SUB> φ p </SUB> ) and the modulus of the filler network (E<SUB>N</SUB>), assuming that the filler network constitutes a third phase in the nanocomposites. The experimental results and the predictions agree well, verifying the proposed relations between the modulus and the other parameters in the Hashin-Hansen model. Moreover, large values of “α”, “N” and “E<SUB>N</SUB>” result in an improved modulus of the polymer/CNT nanocomposites, while a low percolation threshold results in a high modulus.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> Hashin-Hansen model is developed for tensile modulus of polymer/CNT nanocomposites. </LI> <LI> Nanoparticles network is assumed as a third phase above percolation threshold. </LI> <LI> A good agreement is reported between the experimental results and the predictions. </LI> <LI> The relations between modulus and main parameters are justified. </LI> </UL> </P>
김도경,이창휘 경희대학교 디자인연구원 2001 예술· 디자인학연구 Vol.4 No.1
The purpose of this study is to show the better presentation method through the research of presentation technique by people who are related or not related in landscape architecture field. In this study, the research of presentation technique among the prize winning project is classified by people who are related or not related in landscape architecture field and this study is consisted of question survey about presentation and preference survey according to the presentation technique. As the result of this study, the technique of presentation method is changed from traditional method hand to computer gradually. However, the technique of presentation ability by computer in landscape architecture filed is more important with detailed hand work in the result of this study. In the digital age, the importance of analog work by hand is still remain and also the presentation by hand should be continued. Therefore, to express their own concept in landscape architecture filed, it is needed to invest the time to improve the technique of sketch and coloring. And this could make it possible to variety of picturesque expression and can save the economical lose caused by outside order. In the filed of education, to not to lose the ability of presentation, it is needed to increase the ability of expression through the continual communication between actual project and field of education harmoniously.