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α-Alkyl N-Benzylaspartates의 합성
이채호,이만구,채규윤 圓光大學校 基礎自然科學硏究所 1986 基礎科學硏究誌 Vol.5 No.2
Synthesis of α-alkyl N-benzylates from maleic anhydride is described. Maleic anhydride was transformed into monoalkyl maleates which were treated which benzylamine to afford β-alkyl N-benzylaspartates(alkyl=methyl and benzyl). Base hydrolysis of these esters and subsequent treatment of the resulting carboxylic acid with HBr in AcOH produced N-benzylaspartic anhydride hydrobromide. Alcoholysis of this salts in methanol and benzyl alchol yielded α-methyl N-benzyl-aspartate and α-benzyl N-benzylaspartate, respectively.
Diethyl 3,4,5, - Trimethoxybenzylmalonate의 새로운 합성법
李茶浩,李英行,李晩求,蔡奎允 圓光大學校 1984 論文集 Vol.18 No.2
3,4,5 - Trimethoxybenjoyl chloride 와 diethyl malonate를 축합시키고 이어서 염소화반응 및 수소화반응에 의하여 70%의 수득률로서 diethyl 3,4,5 - trimethoxybenzylmalonate를 얻었다. direct condensation of 3,4,5 - trimethoxybenzoyl chloried with diethyl malonate followed by chlorination and hydrogenation afforded diethyl 3,4,5 - trimethoxybenzylmalonate in 70% overall yield.
α-Methyl Dl-N-Benzylaspartate의 합성
이채호,조성동,이만구,채규윤 圓光大學校 基礎自然科學硏究所 1987 基礎科學硏究誌 Vol.6 No.1
Synthesis of α-methyl N-benzylaspartates from DL-aspartic acid is described. DL-Aspartic acid was transformed in several ways into DL-aspartic anhydride which was subjected to alcoholysis in methanol. Benzylation of the resulting a-methyl DL-aspartate with benzyl bromide produced a-methyl β-benzyl DL-N-benzylaspartate. Hydrogenolysis of this ester was converted to α-methyl DL-N-benzylaspartate.
이경석,윤석만,권희,이호,김혜경,조미자,한규남,김명성 순천향의학연구소 2003 Journal of Soonchunhyang Medical Science Vol.9 No.1
Background: Recently the health insurance review agency tried to cut off the cost of unnecessary hospital stay. It is important to reduce the prolonged occupation of the hospital beds. However, there are some obstacles of the management for the prolonged bed occupation. We report our experiences and the problems of bed-control. Methods: To increase the rate of effective bed-usage, a task force was made. This team was consisted of 4 dctors, 2 nurses and 2 personnel of the administrative department. From December 20th 2001 to May 17th 2002, the task force analysed the rate, number and causes of the prolonged (more than 60 days, regardless of the disease entities) bed occupation. We announced and explained the necessity of bed-control and actively pressed to reduce the prolonged bed occupation. Results: The number of the prolonged bed occupation was 71 at the beginning of the management. It was reduced to 46 at best, then turned back to 65 at the end. It seems to be impossible to reduce the prolonged bed occupation until there are sufficient numbers of long-term care facilities. Aggressive bed control makes the sick patients to move every two or three months, it is never desirable. Conclusion: We cannot expect any Quality Improvements without improvement of the wrong system. Prior to the management for the prolonged bed occupation, it is necessary to build a sufficient number of long-term care facilities.
최창진,이영행,이채호,김쌍오,채규윤 圓光大學校 基礎自然科學硏究所 1987 基礎科學硏究誌 Vol.6 No.2
The reaction of N-benzyl β-amino acids with benzensulfonyl chloride in a chloroform-water bilayer system in the present of 15 mole % of tetrabutylammonium hydrogen sulfate gives the corresponding β-lactams in good yields.
양측 하악과두 골절에 대한 관혈적 정보술후 나타난 근약화와 시력장애 : 증례보고
정기훈,신용길,김태열,신재명,윤규호,전인성 대한악안면성형재건외과학회 2000 Maxillofacial Plastic Reconstructive Surgery Vol.22 No.6
The condylar fracture show high occurrence rate in the following of symphysis and angle, because it is easy to have concentration of outer pressure due to its long and narrow anatomical shape and mouth opened state when trauma is attacked. For the clinical findings, there are trismus, opening deviation, mal-occlusion and open bite The classification of condylar fracture is varied due to the location of condylar bone fragment, fracture site. There are conservative and surgical methods for treatment modalities. Because of many advantages, conservative method is widely used it has no particular limits of treatment adjustment but the cases of absolutely surgical correction indication are easily found in clinical experience. Although many methods are suggested for treatments of condylar fracture, there are no particular surgical methods for precise reduction due to difficult accessibility in high condylar neck fracture. For precise reduction of condyle, we used Nam's method. However, in Nam's method, because condyle is fixed when once it is kept off externally reduced in avascular state, so complication such as condyle resorption is pointed out as a problem. In our clinic, we obtained some knowledge by treating a patient who had muscle weakness and vision disorder after temporary airway obstruction follownig the both condylar fracure operated using Nam's method, so here we reported the case with a study of documents.
Soo-Yoon Sung(Soo-Yoon Sung),Jin Ho Song(Jin Ho Song),Byoung Hyuck Kim(Byoung Hyuck Kim),Yoo-Kang Kwak(Yoo-Kang Kwak),Kyung Su Kim(Kyung Su Kim),Gyu Sang Yoo(Gyu Sang Yoo),Hwa Kyung Byun(Hwa Kyung Byu 대한방사선종양학회 2024 Radiation Oncology Journal Vol.42 No.1
Advances in radiotherapy (RT) techniques, including intensity-modulated RT and image-guided RT, have allowed hypofractionation, increasing the fraction size over the conventional dose of 1.8–2.0 Gy. Hypofractionation offers advantages such as shorter treatment times, improved compliance, and under specific conditions, particularly in tumors with a low α/β ratio, higher efficacy. It was initially explored for use in RT for prostate cancer and adjuvant RT for breast cancer, and its application has been extended to various other malignancies. Hypofractionated RT (HFRT) may also be effective in patients who are unable to undergo conventional treatment owing to poor performance status, comorbidities, or old age. The treatment of brain tumors with HFRT is relatively common because brain stereotactic radiosurgery has been performed for over two decades. However, re-irradiation of recurrent lesions and treatment of elderly or frail patients are areas under investigation. HFRT for head and neck cancer has not been widely used because of concerns regarding late toxicity. Thus, we aimed to provide a comprehensive summary of the current evidence for HFRT for brain tumors and head and neck cancer and to offer practical recommendations to clinicians faced with the challenge of choosing new treatment options.
Kim, Ho Yong,Lee, Jin Ho,Yun, Jeong-Won,Park, Jin-Ho,Park, Bong-Wook,Rho, Gyu-Jin,Jang, Si-Jung,Park, Ji-Sung,Lee, Hee-Chun,Yoon, Young Min,Hwang, Tae Sung,Lee, Dong Hoon,Byun, June-Ho,Oh, Se Heang American Chemical Society 2016 Biomacromolecules Vol.17 No.5
<P>It is commonly accepted that the sustained release of bone morphogenetic protein-2 (BMP-2) can enhance bone regeneration and minimize its safety issues. However, little is known regarding the appropriate duration of BMP-2 stimulation for sufficient osteogenic differentiation and new bone formation because of the short half-life of BMP-2 in the physiological environment and the lack of a well-defined delivery matrix that can regulate the release period of BMP-2. In this study, we prepared porous poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA) beads with different surface pore sizes that can regulate the release period of BMP-2 (i.e., 7, 17, and 30 days) while providing the BMP-2 concentration required for bone regeneration. Our findings in both in vitro cell culture and in vivo animal studies using these BMP-2-loaded beads demonstrate that release of BMP-2 within 7 days affects only the initial differentiation of human periosteum-derived cells (hPDCs) and does not significantly enhance their subsequent differentiation into mature functional cells. However, extending the duration of BMP-2 stimulation over 17 days can provide a suitable environment for osteogenic differentiation of hPDCs and new bone formation.</P>
윤용기(Yoon Yoon-Ki),황종규(Hwang Jong-Gyu),이재호(Lee Jae-Ho),조현정(Jo Hyun-Jeong) 대한전기학회 2006 대한전기학회 학술대회 논문집 Vol.2006 No.4
Smart열차진로제어시스템은 기존 전자연동 장치에서 사용하고 있는 궤도회로방식의 열차점유정보대신에 열차의 실시간 위치정보를 사용하여 열차의 진로를 제어한다. 이에 smart열차진로제어시스템에 적용되는 새로운 연동논리를 검증하기 위해서 소형전동기의 속도제어를 통하여 생성되는 회전신호를 사용하여 열차의 이동 및 속도를 계산하고, 선로설정, 열차간격 제어, 진로제어, 열차모의장치 및 연동처리를 할 수 있는 모의장치를 구축하였다. 여기에서는 Smart열차진로제어시스템의 진로제어 알고리즘 설계, 장치설계 등의 제반 내용을 확인하였다.
Bo Yoon Seo,Na-rae Choi,Chang-Gyu Park,Yong-Ho Koh,Jin Kyo Jung,Seung-Jae Noh,Junhyung Park 한국응용곤충학회 2015 한국응용곤충학회 학술대회논문집 Vol.2015 No.10
The small brown planthopper (SBPH), Laodelphax striatellus Fallén (Hemiptera: Delphacidae) is one of the major insect pest against rice, Oryza sativa L. in Korea. High density of SBPH could cause severe damage on rice plant by directly sucking and indirectly transmitting viral pathogens, Rice stripe virus and Rice streaked dwarf virus. As a preliminary study for de novo whole-genome sequencing of SBPH, we investigated 6 transcriptomes isolated from different developmental stages, sex, and tissue (egg, 1st ~ 3rd nymphs, 4th ~ 5th nymphs, female and male adults, salivary gland). Clean-sequence data of 19.3 Gb were obtained from total 47.8 Gb raw data after adaptor and quality trimming (Q30) and overlapped reads joining. As a suitable assembler, Bridger was selected based on the results of reference mapping (93.45%) and CEGMA completeness (95.97%). Finally, we obtained 158,207 reads (size range: 201 ~ 22,162 bp; Mean size: 1,048.04 bp; N50: 2,417 bp) after clustering the assembly results by CD-HIT-EST (similarity threshold: 99%). Based on these results, we are conducting further studies such as transcript expression pattern among different developmental stages and gene annotation.