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윤덕진,박경숙,황한기,안치옥,윤도광,권영조,박동철,윤용황,남정모,Yun, Duk-Jin,Park, Kyung-Sook,Hwang, Han-Kee,Ahn, Chi-Ok,Yun, Do-Kwang,Kwon, Yung-Jo,Park, Dong-Chul,Yun, Yong-Hwang,Nam, Chung-Mo 대한예방의학회 1989 Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health Vol.22 No.2
This study was conducted to investigate the association of the occurrence of pediatric diseases with environmental, seasonal and atmospheric factors. The data were collected at 5 pediatric clinics in Seoul and the Department of Pediatrics of Yongin Severance Hospital from May 1986 to April 1987. The results were as follows: 1. Vacation periods had a great influence upon the occurrence of pediatric diseases. 2. The majority of pediatric diseases occurred mainly in spring and autumn, not in summer and winter. 3. The higher the average relative humidity was, the less diseases occurred : and the higher the maximum change of daily temperature, the more diseases occurred. 4. In summer, the pattern of diseases varied along with the environmental factors(eg., toilet).
黃鷹淵,柳德熙 이화여자대학교 한국문화연구원 1972 韓國文化硏究院 論叢 Vol.20 No.-
The trend toward the separate measurements of many human abilities has grown out of realization that skills vary in any individual and that it is as important to understand intra-individual differences-strengths and weaknesses-as to have indications of comparative standing among other individuals. One important area of ability not tapped by typical scholastic of general aptitude tests is that of musical ability. Some of the uses of a musical aptitude test are: educational and vocational counseling, admission to music instruction in school, and selection for membership in bands and other musical organizations. Not all of the facets of musical aptitude are known, but there are several fundamental capacities that can be assessed. This test provide the separate measures for eight of these capacities: rhythm, timbre, tonal movement, time, loudness, pitch, tonal memory and pitch-rhythm imagery. This test was designed for use with subjects from fourth grade level up. Although norms are presented only for various educational levels, the tests have been successfully used with adults. Norms (percentile equivalent) for this test were presented for three educational levels, grades 4-6, 7-9, and 10-12. These levels were selected after the study of score distributions for single grades; differences among adjacent grades were generally too small to warrant presentation of norms for every grade. Sex differences in scores on the eight measures were also investigated at the various grade levels. The differences were found to be very small and inconsistent from one level to another. Combined sex norms were therefore formulated. The reliability of the test was estimated by means of split-half coefficients, which is shown in Table 5 for each measures at the grade levels represented in the norms groups. The means, standard deviations, and number of cases relevant of these coefficients are those shown in the norms table (Table 6).
황규호,김경자,온정덕,천윤영 이화여자대학교 교육과학연구소 2013 교육과학연구 Vol.44 No.4
The quality management of curricula has focused strictly on determining if and how schools have implemented national or local curricula as specified in curriculum documents. This approach reflects the perspective of quality control or inspection, which rarely provides information on how to improve practices and how to achieve academic excellence for all students. Therefore, in this study, the researchers conceptualized the meaning of quality curriculum and developed a model for total quality management of curricula. Results show that, first, quality curriculum means academic excellence for all students, and total quality management of curricula refers to a continuous effort for improvement. Second, a model was developed to show what total quality management looks like by revealing relationships among quality management elements and curriculum elements with the objective of realizing academic excellence for all. Third, the national curriculum was also evaluated as a part of total quality management. Lastly, the CIPP evaluation model appears to be aligned with this one, but it should be adjusted to reflect the cultural component. 우리나라에서 교육과정의 질 관리는 주로 국가 또는 지역 교육과정의 편성・운영 지침을 학교가 지키는가에 중점을 두는 방식으로 이루어져 왔다. 이는 질 관리의 초기개념인 검사(inspection) 혹은 질 통제에 가까우며 어떻게 개선하여야 모든 학생의 학습의 수월성을 성취할 것인가에 대한 정보를 거의 제공하지 않는다. 이에 이 연구에서는 교육 부문에서 질과 질 관리를 연구해 온 Sallis의 이론에 비추어 교육과정 질과 교육과정의 질 관리의 의미를 개념화하였다. 그리고 교육과정의 질 관리를 위해 필요한 요소들을 찾고 이들 간의 관계를 보여주는 교육과정의 질 관리 모형을 제안하였다. 구체적인 연구 결과는 다음과 같다. 첫째, 교육과정의 질은 모든 학생의 학습의 수월성을 의미하며, 질 관리란 교육과정의 질을 강조하고 지속적으로 교육과정을 개선하는 것이라는 결론을 내렸다. 둘째, 이러한 개념에 비추어 학생의 학습의 수월성 성취를 중심에 두고 관련된 교육과정 요소와 교육과정의 질 관리 요소의 관계를 보여주는 교육과정의 질 관리 모형을 제시하였다. 셋째, 국가 교육과정 또한 질 관리 모형에서 제시하는 요소들에 대한 지속적 개선이 필요한 질 관리 대상이라는 점을 밝혔다. 마지막으로, 교육과정의 질 관리를 위한 개선 정보를 지속적으로 확인할 수 있는 관리지향의 CIPP 평가모형의 활용을 제안하였다.
( Yun Sik Choi ),( Wan Soo Kim ),( Sung Wook Hwang ),( Sang Hyoung Park ),( Dong-hoon Yang ),( Byong Duk Ye ),( Seung-jae Myung ),( Suk-kyun Yang ),( Jeong-sik Byeon ) 대한장연구학회 2020 Intestinal Research Vol.18 No.1
Background/Aims: We aimed to investigate the proportion of and risk factors for residual cancer and/or lymph node metastasis after surgery was performed because of high-risk pathological features in endoscopic resection specimen of suspected superficial submucosal colorectal cancer (SSMC). Methods: We reviewed medical records of 497 patients (58.8±9.8 years, 331 males) undergoing endoscopic resection of suspected SSMC. High-risk pathological features included: deep submucosal cancer invasion ≥1,000 μm; positive lymphovascular and/or perineural invasion; poorly differentiated adenocarcinoma; and positive resection margin. We investigated the occurrence of additional surgery and residual cancer and/or lymph node involvement in the surgical specimen. Results: En bloc resection was performed in 447 patients (89.9%). High-risk pathological features were detected in 372 patients (74.8%). Additional surgery was performed in 336 of 372 patients with high-risk pathological features. Of these, 47 surgical specimens (14.0%) showed residual cancer and/or lymph node metastasis. Piecemeal resection was more common in those with residual cancer and/or lymph node involvement than those without (9/47 [19.1%] vs. 24/289 [8.3%], P=0.032). Positive resection margin was also significantly associated with positive residual cancer and/or lymph node involvement. As the number of high-risk pathological features increased, the risk of regional lymph node metastasis increased proportionally (P=0.002). Conclusions: High-risk pathological features were frequently detected after endoscopic resection of suspected SSMC while residual cancer and/or lymph node metastasis were not commonly present in the additional surgical specimen. Further optimized strategy for proper endoscopic management of suspected SSMC is necessary. (Intest Res 2020;18:96-106)