웨이블릿 변환과 독립성분분석을 이용한 디지털 워터마킹

차성철,김대성,최훈,손상욱,배현덕 충북대학교 컴퓨터정보통신 연구소 2004 컴퓨터정보통신연구 Vol.12 No.2

디지털 워터마크는 디지털 자료를 모사로부터 보호하는 방법이다. 그르므로 디지털 워터마크는 파일변환, 컬러변환, 약간의 몽롱화, 압축과 같은 치리에서 뿐 아니라 인쇄, 복사, 스캐닝에 대해서도 강인해야한다. 본 논문은 워터마크 추출을 위한 키 데이터와 독립성분분석을 이용하는 알고리즘을 제안한다. 이 기법에서는 워터마크는 사람의 눈에 덜 민감한 원 영상의 웨이블릿변환 계수에 삽입된다. 그리고 독립성분분석 알고리즘은 서로 확률 분포가 다른 워터마크와 계수를 분리한다. 실험결과 워터마크가 워터마크 영상에서 사람 눈으로 인지할 수 없음을 보였으며, 워터마크 영상으로부터 키 데이터를 이용 영상이 일부 제거된 경우, 잡음이 첨가된 경우, JPEG 압축에서 워터마크의 추출이 가능함을 보였다. A digital watermark is a method to protect digital material from counterfeit. Therefore, it must be robust to withstand any processing, such as file format conversions, color conversions, slight blurring, sharpening color adjustment and compression as well as printing, copying and scanning. This paper proposed a method using key data and ICA algorithm for extraction of watermark. In this Method, we embed the watermark to the wavelet transform coefficients of original image which located in less sensitive subband to human eyes. ICA algorithm separated between watermark and coefficient that differs with probability distribution function each other. The experiment results have shown that the watermark is invisible to human eyes in watermarked image, and it is possible for watermarked image to extract the watermark with key data in various environment, such as removing, mixed noises and JPEG compressions.

100m 달리기시 최고 속도 구간과 감속 구간의 동작 비교 연구

은선덕,정철수,배성제 한국운동역학회 1996 한국운동역학회지 Vol.6 No.1

본 연구의 목적은 100m 달리기에서 최고 속도 구간과 감속 구간에서의 동작을 비교하여 감속의 원인을 규명하는 데 있다. 두 구간에 대한 주요 운동학적 변인인 신체 중심의 속도와 변위, 보속과 보폭, 상체의 전경각, 관절각, 각속도를 분석하여 다음과 같은 결론은 얻었다. 감속 구간에서의 지면 접촉 기간 동안과 체공 기간 동안의 신체 중심의 수평 속도는 최고 속도 구간에 비해 느린 것으로 나타났다. 보속은 최고 속도 구간에 비해 느린 것으로 나타났고, 지지 시간은 긴 것으로 나타났으며, 체공 시간은 차이가 나타나지 않았다. 보폭은 최고 속도 구간에 비해 짧은 것으로 나타났고, 착지시 신체 중심과 발끝의 수평 거리는 최고 속도 구간에 비해 긴 것으로 나타났다. 또한 상체의 전경각은 착지시에만 차이가 있었으며 최고 속도 구간에 비해 작고, 무릎 관절각은 착지시와 이지시에 있어서 최고 속도 구간에 비해 작았다. 그리고 고관절각은 반대발의 이지시와 착지시, 그리고 최소값에 있어서 최고 속도 구간에 비해 크고, 운동 범위에 있어서는 작은 것으로 나타났다. 또한 무릎 관절 각속도는 최고 속도 구간과의 비교에서 차이가 나타나지 않았다. The study was conducted to make a comparative analysis of running motion and to examine the difference in the deceleration phase(80∼90m) and the Max-speed phase(30∼40m) during the 100-meter Sprint. In this study, data was analyzed with variables including velocity and displacement of center of gravity, stride frequency, stride length, foward angle of upper body, joint angle, angular velocity in the deceleration phase and the max-speed phase. The conclusions of the study were as follows ; 1. Horizontal velocity of the center of gravity in the deceleration phase was found to be slower than that in the max-speed phase in the supporting period and non-supporting period. 2. Stride frequency in the deceleration phase was found to be slower than that in the max-speed phase, and supporting time n the deceleration phase was longer than that in the max-speed phase, also there was no difference between each phase in nonsupporting time. 3. Stride length in the deceleration phase was to be found shorter than that in the max-speed phase. 4. Horizontal distance between the center of gravity and toe in the deceleration phase was to be found longer than that in the max-speed phase. 5. Forward angle of upper body at the moment of touch down in the deceleration phase was found to be smaller than that in the max-speed phase. 6. Knee angle at the moment of touch down and take off in the deceleration phase were found to be smaller than in the max-speed phase. 7. Hip angle at the moment of touch down and take off of the other foot, and minimum hip angle in the deceleration phase were found to be larger than that in the max-speed phase, and range of, motion in the deceleration phase was smaller than that in the max-speed phase. 8. Knee angular velocity at the moment of touch down of the other foot toward flection in the deceleration phase was found to be larger than that in the max-speed phase.

한국전자제조기업에서의 경쟁전략, 경쟁우선순위의 전략적 적합성에 관한 실증연구

김승범,이상천,장덕신,배성문 한국생산성학회 2004 生産性論集 Vol.18 No.3

This study tries to examine the strategic fit of competitive strategies and competitive priorities in domestic electronic firms' manufacturing strategy. The strategic fit is accepted as a major factor in explaining the difference of firms' productivity performances. To set up strategic fit model, the previous research on manufacturing strategy model has been examined thoroughly. Based on proposed model composed of competition environments, core competences(competitive advantage and value chain), competitive strategies and competitive priorities, stepwise multiple regression was used as exploratory method to find significant types of internal strategic fit. The test results show that core competences(especially competitive advantage) have more impacts on competitive strategy than competition environments. In addition, there exist the significant types of strategic fit between competitive strategies and priorities. That is, differentiation strategy takes delivery priority and focusing takes flexibility.

정신분열병 환자의 병식과 임상양상의 관련성에 관한 연구

주연호,김수동,송진우,박성덕,오석배 용인정신의학연구소 1998 용인정신의학보 Vol.5 No.2

Protopine reduces the inflammatory activity of Lipopolysaccharide-stimulated murine macrophages

( Deok Sung Bae ),( Young Hoon Kim ),( Cheol Ho Pan ),( Chu Won Nho ),( Javzan Samdan ),( Jamyansan Yansan ),( Jae Kwon Lee ) 생화학분자생물학회 2012 BMB Reports Vol.45 No.2

Protopine is an isoquinoline alkaloid contained in plants in northeast Asia. In this study, we investigated whether protopine derived from Hypecoum erectum L could suppress lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced inflammatory responses in murine macrophages (Raw 264.7 cells). Protopine was found to reduce nitric oxide (NO), cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2), and prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) production by LPS-stimulated Raw 264.7 cells, without a cytotoxic effect. Pre-treatment of Raw 264.7 cells with protopine reduced the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines. These inhibitory effects were caused by blocking phosphorylation of mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAP kinases) and also blocking activation of a nuclear factor kappa-light-chain-enhancer of activated B cells (NF-κB). [BMB reports 2012; 45(2): 108-113].

Physiological Responses of Calystegia soldanella under Drought Stress

Bae, Chae-Youn,Hwang, Jeong-Sook,Bae, Jeong-Jin,Choi, Sung-Chul,Lim, Sung-Hwan,Choi, Deok-Gyun,Kim, Jong-Guk,Choo, Yeon-Sik The Ecological Society of Korea 2013 Journal of Ecology and Environment Vol.36 No.4

This study was conducted to determine the extent of drought resistance based on physiological responses of Calystegia soldanella under water deficit. In order to investigate the changes of plant growth, stomatal density, photosynthesis, chlorophyll fluorescence, the contents of chlorophyll and carotenoid, osmolality, total ion contents, the contents of carbohydrate and proline, C. soldanella was grown under well watered and drought stressed conditions for 12 days. In this study, water-deficit resulted in remarkable growth inhibition of C. soldanella. The effect of water-deficit on plant growth was associated with low osmotic potential of soil. On day 12 after drought treatment, dry weight, relative water contents, number and area of leaves and stem length were lower than those of control. The stomatal conductance and net photosynthetic rate were significantly reduced in water stressed plant to regulate inner water contents and $CO_2$ exchange through the stomatal pore. Chlorophyll fluorescence and chlorophyll contents were not different in comparison with the control, indicating that the efficiency of photosystem II was not affected by drought stress. This results could be explained that water-deficit in C. soldanella limits the photosynthetic rate and reduces the plant's ability to convert energy to biomass. A significant increase in total ion contents and osmolality was observed on day 7 and day 12. Accumulation of proline in leaves is associated with the osmotic adjustment in C. soldanella to soil water-deficit. Consequently, this increase in osmolality in water stressed plant can be a result in the increase of ion contents and proline.

정맥로를 이용한 자가통증 조절기의 사용 시작 시점이 환자의 회복지수에 미치는 영향

김상태,배진호,김상범,임승운,신영덕,조광태,손호정 대한마취과학회 2001 Korean Journal of Anesthesiology Vol.41 No.3

The Effect of the IV-PCA (Intravenous-Patient Controlled Analgesia) on the Recovery Index Gwang Tae Cho, M.D., Ho Jung Sohn, M.D., Sang Bum Kim, M.D. Young Deok Shin, M.D., Jin Ho Bae, M.D., Sang Tae Kim, M.D. and Seung Woon Lim, M.D. Department of Anesthesiology and Medical Research INstitute, College of Medicine, Chungbuk Nationa University, Cheongju, Korea Background: It is well known that intravenous patient controlled analgesia (IV-PCA) is an effective method to reduce the magnitude of postoperative pain. However, we do not know the appropriate time to start the IV-PCA. To determine the appropriate time to minimalize the sympathetic stimulation and shorten the awakening time after general anesthesia, experiments to indicate whether starting an infusion of the IV-PCA before the end of an operation has a minimal hemodynarmic change and similar recovery index compared with the control group were done. Methods: Seventy-eight patients scheduled for a total abdominal hysterectomy were randomly allocated to two groups. In the IV-PCA group (n = 37), we started the infusion of the IV-PCA before the end of the operation and in the control group (n = 41) which received no IV-PCA, we did not use the IV-PCA as a postoperative pain control method. We measured heart rate, blood pressure, postanesthesia recovery score every 10 minutes for 60 minutes and awakening time at the post-anesthesia care unit. Results: The postanesthesia recovery scores on arrival, 10, 20, 30, 40 and 50 minute after arrival at the post-anesthesia care unit were lower in the IV-PCA group than in the control group. In addition the awakening time after vaporizer-off and at the post-anesthesia care unit was longer in the IV-PCA group than in the control group. Conclusions: We conclude that starting the infusion of the IV-PCA before the end of the operation is not effective in early recovery and awakening. (Korean J Anesthesiol 2001; 41: 318~323)

Anti-Inflammatory Effects of Purple Color Foods

Young Hoon Kim, Deok Sung Bae, Min-Jin Park, Jong-Won Baek, Yeong-Chan Kim, Yong-Jun Song, An-Jung Choi, Yeom Seung Yeol, Jae Kwon Lee 충북대학교 교육개발연구소 2011 한국교육논총 Vol.32 No.1

-본문참고-

Design and implementation of an adaptive middleware based on the universal middleware bridge for heterogeneous home networks

Bae, Yu-Seok,Oh, Bong-Jin,Moon, Kyeong-Deok,Ha, Young-Guk,Kim, Sang-Wook IEEE 2010 IEEE transactions on consumer electronics Vol.56 No.2

<P>As home networks become more complex and dynamic, it is crucial to support seamless interoperability through automatic reconfiguration and robustness through the efficient handling of faults. This paper presents an adaptive middleware that provides an adaptive autonomic configuration for the heterogeneous home networks and an autonomous fault management that includes fault diagnosis and recovery from unexpected faults such as device plug-outs, network link failures, service failures, and other such incidents. The proposed adaptive middleware is based on the universal middleware bridge (UMB) to guarantee interoperability and robustness in the middleware layer appropriate to heterogeneous home networks.</P>

미생물에 항균활성을 나타내는 약용작물 선발

Sang Un Kim,Kyeong Gon Moon,In Seok Eom,Young Deok Bae,Young Guk Kim,Il Rae Rho 한국약용작물학회 2016 한국약용작물학술대회 발표집 Vol.2016 No.10

Background : This study was carried out to select the medicinal crop having the superior antimicrobial activity against 5 microorganisms among 20 medicinal crops. Methods and Results : Dried plants were extracted by methanol. The extracts of each plant were evaporated under vacuum. The extracts were absorbed into 50㎕ of each extracts on paper disk and diameter of clear zone was confirmed around the colony. The results showed that diameter of the clear zone against Escherichia coli was the widest in Rhus javanica(R. javanica, 16mm), followed by Evening primrose(14.5mm), Chinaberry(13mm) and Giant knotweed(11mm). Also, diameter of the clear zone against Vibrio parahaemolyticu was the widest in R. javanica(26mm), followed by Evening primrose(21mm), chrysanthemum flower(19mm), Chinese pepper(16.5mm), Chidii rhizoma(11.5mm), Curly dock(11.5mm), Comfrey(11mm), Black nightshade(11mm) and Mustard(10mm). Likewise, diameter of the clear zone aginast Proteus mirabilis was the widest in R. javanica(11.5mm), followed by Chinaberry(11mm). Specially, diameter of the clear zone against Bacillus subtilis and Staphylococcus aureus was identified only in R. javanica(12mm and 11mm, respectively). Therefore, R. javanica showed the best excellent antimicrobial activity among 20 medicinal crops. Total phenolic and flavonoid contents of R. javanica were 2,725mg/100g and 30.2mg/100g respectively. DPPH and ABTS activity of R. javanica were 92.6% and 98.4%, respectively. Conclusion : These results suggest that R. javanica can be utilized as natural food additives and antioxidant materials because of its powerful antimicrobial action and the high antioxidant activity.