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RISS 인기검색어
- 검색키워드
- 저자 : ( David Karemera ) (검색결과 6 건)
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Trade Creation and Diversion Effects and Exchange Rate Volatility in the Global Meat Trade
( David Karemera ),( Won Koo ),( Gerald Smalls ),( Louis Whiteside ) 세종대학교 경제통합연구소 2015 Journal of Economic Integration Vol.30 No.2
A modified gravity model is specified and applied to meat trade markets to identify factors affecting bovine and swine meat trade flows. The model is used to evaluate the effects of bilateral and regional free trade agreements. This study reveals that gravity models can be effectively parameterized and used in single commodity trade studies. Using data from 1986 to 2009, the results show that income, population, production capacity, distance, and exchange rate volatility are major factors affecting meat trade. The findings also demonstrate that the formation of the North American Free Trade Agreement and European Union significantly enhanced bovine and swine meat trade flows through trade creation among members and trade diversion from non-members to members. The Common Market of the South led to trade creation with inconclusive results for trade diversion while the Association of South-East Asian Nations led to trade diversion with no evidence of increased intra-bloc trade. The hoof-and-mouth disease significantly impaired bovine meat trade flows.
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An Industrial Analysis of Trade Creation and Diversion Effects of NAFTA
( David Karemera ),( Kalu Ojah ) 세종대학교 경제통합연구소 1998 Journal of Economic Integration Vol.13 No.3
Welfare effects of economic integration are often studied with aggregate data, and as such provide limited insights about the effects of trade pacts to individual economic agents in the free trade area. In this study a three-digit disaggregated commodity/ industry data grouped under the Standard International Trade Classification is used to empirically assess the economic benefits of the North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA). Import demand elasticities from a dynamic demand model were used to estimate both trade creation and trade diversion effects of removing all tariff barriers from among NAFTA countries-US, Canada and Mexico. Results show that US imports of crude oil and petroleum products from Canada and most US imports from Mexico are more sensitive to domestic prices than to bilateral import prices. Further, results indicate that US will benefit the most from the initial trade effects of NAFTA, while Mexico will benefit the least. Specifically, US exporters of automatic data processing equipment, and pulp and waste paper products will benefit the most from increased trade with NAFTA countries. Mexican exporters of crude oil, and vegetables and fresh produce; and Canadian exporters of paper and paperboard products will be the most beneficiaries of NAFTA among exporters in these respective countries. (JEL Classification: F1, F2)
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A Gravity Model Analysis of the Benefits of Economic Integration in the Pacific Rim
( David Karemera ),( Wilbur I. Smith ),( Kalu Ojah ),( John A. Cole ) 세종대학교 경제통합연구소 1999 Journal of Economic Integration Vol.14 No.3
A modified gravity model of international trade is used to evaluate determinants of flows of commodities most often traded in the Pacific Rim. It is shown that the gravity model can be reparameterized effectively by using time series and cross section data rather than using cross section data alone. Documented evidence indicates that all independent variables including income, export and import unit values, exchange rates, and membership in regional trade groups are major determinants of trade flows in the Pacific Rim. Specifically, membership in the ASEAN significantly increased trade creation among members as well as fostered trade diversion from members to nonmembers. However, the impact of membership in the NAFTA on trade flows in the Pacific Rim is limited and appears to be commodity specific. (JEL Classifications: F15, F14, F02)
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Impacts of Free Trade Agreement on US State Vegetable and Fruit Trade Flows
( David Karemera ),( Paul Reinstra Munnicha ),( Joseph Onyeocha ) 세종대학교 경제통합연구소 (구 세종대학교 국제경제연구소) 2009 Journal of Economic Integration Vol.24 No.1
A few studies have shown that free trade agreements have affected the pattern of state exports. This paper examines the effects of free trade agreements on US state vegetable and fruit trade flows. We propose a single commodity gravity equation to overcome a common shortcoming of most gravity models, which are applied to aggregate trade flows. Our results show significant gross trade creation effects of NAFTA and APEC that are greater than the EU gross trade creation effects. In addition, our findings reveal that the Asian Pacific Rim region is a significant destination of many vegetables and fruits from US states.
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An Industrial Analysis of Trade Creation and Diversion Effects of NAFTA
Karemera, David,Ojah, Kalu 세종대학교 국제경제연구소 1998 Journal of Economic Integration Vol.13 No.3
Welfare effects of economic integration are often studied with aggregate data, and as such provide limited insights about the effects of trade pacts to individual economic agents in the free trade area. In this study a three-digit disaggregated commodity/industry data grouped under the Standard International Trade Classification is used to empirically assess the economic benefits of the North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA). Import demand elasticities from a dynamic demand model were used to estimate both trade creation and trade diversion effects of removing all tariff barriers from among NAFTA countries-US, Canada and Mexico. Results show that US imports of crude oil and petroleum products from Canada and most US imports from Mexico are more sensitive to domestic prices than to bilateral import prices. Further, results indicate that US will benefit the most from the initial trade effects of NAFTA, while Mexico will benefit the least. Specifically, US exporters of automatic data processing equipment, and pulp and waste paper products will benefit the most from increased trade with NAFTA countries. Mexican exporters of crude oil, and vegetables and fresh produce; and Canadian exporters of paper and paperboard products will be the most beneficiaries of NAFTA among exporters in these respective countries. (JFL Classification: F1, F2)
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A Gravity Model Analysis of the Benefits of Economic Integration in the Pacific Rim
Karemera, David,Smith, Wilbur I.,Ojah, Kalu,Cole, John A. 세종대학교 국제경제연구소 1999 Journal of Economic Integration Vol.14 No.3
A modified gravity model of international trade is used to evaluate determinants of flows of commodities most often traded in the Pacific Rim. It is shown that the gravity model can be reparameterized effectively by using time series and cross section data rather than using cross section data alone. Documented evidence indicates that all independent variables including income, export and import unit values, exchange rates, and membership in regional trade groups are major determinants of trade flows in the Pacific Rim. Specifically, membership in the ASEAN significantly increased trade creation among members as well as fostered trade diversion from members to nonmembers. However, the impact of membership in the NAFTA on trade flows in the Pacific Rim is limited and appears to be commodity specific. (JEL Classification: F15, F14, F02)
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