Chemical constituents of Lotus Seed Epicarp

Jing Wu,Yi-Chang He,Yu Zhang,Lei Wu,Young-Soo Bae,Se-Yeong Park,Sun-Eun Choi,Chun Gong 강원대학교 산림과학연구소 2022 강원대학교 산림과학연구소 학술대회 Vol.2022 No.10

Lotus (Nelumbo nucifera Gaertn.) is an important aquatic economic crop in China, and it has been widely cultivated in Asia. Almost every part of lotus (roots, leaves, flowers, and seeds) not only can be used as a food-stuff, but also have multiple medicinal functions [1]. In China, lotus leaves and seeds are publicly identified as both food and medicine resources. There is much research concerned with lotus leaves and seeds. It has been reported that the extract from lotus leaves and seeds have multiple bioactivities, such as being anti-oxidant, anti-inflammatory, immuno-modulatory, and anti-obesity [3-5] etc. The bioactivities of lotus are due to the functional components in lotus including polysaccharides, polyphenols, flavonoids etc. As an inedible part of lotus, lotus seed epicarp also has attracted additional attention. Lotus seed epicarp, the main by-product of lotus seed processing, is also abundant in polyphenols and worthy to be used as a functional food. Lotus seed epicarp extract has been used as a potential antioxidant and anti-obesity additive in Chinese Cantonese Sausage, which was the first use of lotus seed epicarp extract in meat product. However, little is known about the purification and identification of the key compounds from lotus seed epicarp. The aim of this study on the titled plant led to the isolation and purification of eleven known compounds. Eleven compounds ethyl linoleate (1), (e)-9-octadecenoic acid ethyl ester (2), 7β-hydroxy betulinic acid (3), Betulinic acid (4), α-amyrin (5), β-amyrin (6), Kaempferol-3-rutinoside (7), Isorhamnetin-3-O-β-gentiobioside (8), Quercetin (9), Rutin (10), Quercetin-3-O-β-Dgalactopyranoside (11) were isolated from the 95% ethanol extract of lotus seed epicarp. Their structures were elucidated spectroscopically. To the best of our knowledge, It is worth nothing that compounds 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8 and 11 were never isolated from this plant.

Effect of royal jelly on longevity and memory-related traits of Apis mellifera workers

Jing-liang Shi,Chun-hua Liao,Zi-long Wang,Xiaobo Wu 한국응용곤충학회 2018 Journal of Asia-Pacific Entomology Vol.21 No.4

Royal jelly (RJ) is a key factor for honey bee caste determination. The queen bee is fed with RJ by worker bees throughout her life, while the worker bees eat bee bread themselves. This study was designed to explore the effect of nutrient-rich RJ on longevity and learning and memory abilities of workers of the western honey bee Apis mellifera. The newly emerged worker bees were randomly divided into three groups and were fed 50% sucrose solution containing 0%, 10%, and 20% RJ. We found that worker bees fed with 10% and 20% RJ showed significantly improved longevity and higher proboscis extension response success rate compared to bees fed with 50% sucrose containing 0% RJ. Additionally, bees fed with 20% RJ showed significantly higher level of expression of memory related genes (GluRA and Nmdar1) compared to the control group. Furthermore, expression of the Nmdar1 gene of worker bees fed with 10% RJ was also significantly higher than in the control group. These results indicate that RJ has potential effects on the longevity and learning and memory abilities of A. mellifera.

Simultaneous large continuous band gap tunability and photoluminescence enhancement in GaSe nanosheets via elastic strain engineering

Wu, Yecun,Fuh, Huei-Ru,Zhang, Duan,Coileá,in, Cormac Ó,Xu, Hongjun,Cho, Jiung,Choi, Miri,Chun, Byong Sun,Jiang, Xuju,Abid, Mourad,Abid, Mohamed,Liu, Huajun,Wang, Jing Jing,Shvets, Igor V. Elsevier 2017 Nano energy Vol.32 No.-

<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>For applications in wearable human-device interfaces and optoelectronics, flexible materials capable of supporting spatial and uninterrupted bandgap tunability are of immense value. We demonstrate theoretically and experimentally the wide bandgap tunability of GaSe nanosheets, with simultaneous PL enhancement, via elastic strain engineering at room temperature. The elastic strain gives rise to a continuously variable electronic band structure profile, with a rate of 40meV/1%, and a 3-fold enhancement in PL intensity is achieved when a uniaxial strain of 1% is introduced. An additional effect is that a new exciton state arises when the strain is raised beyond 0.6%. This work suggests that strain engineering can effectively modulate/control the generation, separation, transport, and recombination of photo-induced charge carriers in GaSe, making it a valuable material for flexible optoelectronic-mechanical applications.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> Wide bandgap tunability of GaSe nanosheets, with simultaneous PL enhancement, via elastic strain engineering at room temperature. </LI> <LI> A linear tuning rate of optical band gap of 40 meV/% for uniaxial strain has been achieved, comparable to monolayer MoS2. </LI> <LI> Threefold enhancement in PL intensity achieved with a uniaxial strain of 1%. </LI> <LI> Strain engineering used to control generation, separation, transport, and recombination of photo-induced charge carriers in GaSe. </LI> <LI> New exciton state demonstrated when strain is greater than 0.6%, which shifts in the direction opposite to the main exciton state. </LI> <LI> Suggests route to more efficient capture of optical spectrum, and exciton concentration and trapping by mechanical deformation. </LI> </UL> </P> <P><B>Graphical abstract</B></P> <P>[DISPLAY OMISSION]</P>

태권도 선수들이 인지하는 지도자-선수 상호작용이 자기효능감, 운동몰입, 인지된 경기력 간의 관계

WU JINGE,최천(Choi, Chun) 한국무예학회 2023 무예연구 Vol.17 No.1

본 연구는 한국 대학 태권도 선수들이 인지하는 지도자-선수 상호작용, 자기효능감, 운동몰입, 인지된 경기력 간의 관계를 규명하는데 목적이 있다. 이러한 목적을 달성하기 위하여 한국대학에서 태권도 겨루기와 품새 선수를 모집단으로 선정하여 비확률표본추출법 중 편의표본추출법을 실시하여, 총 289부 설문지를 사용하였다. 수집된 자료는 SPSS 23.0과 AMOS 23.0을 통해 분석되었으며, 연구결과는 다음과 같다. 첫째, 상호작용의 하위요인 중 믿음과 노하우는 자기효능감에 긍정적인 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 둘째, 상호작용의 하위요인 중 믿음은 운동몰입에 긍정적인 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 셋째, 상호작용의 하위요인 중 노하우는 인지된 경기력에 긍정적인 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났으며, 기술은 인지된 경기력에 부정적인 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 넷째, 자기효능감은 인지된 경기력에 긍정적인 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 다섯째, 운동몰입은 인지된 경기력에 긍정적인 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 결론적으로 현대 태권도의 발전에 따라 경기규칙, 시합전략은 계속 변화•발전될 것이며, 지도자들은 이러한 전문성 신장을 위해 지속적인 노력을 해야 할 것이다. 따라서 현재 대학 태권도 지도자들은 필요한 전문지식을 갖추기 위해서 워크숍, 세미나 등에 적극적으로 참여할 필요성이 있다. The purpose of this study is, therefore, to examine the effect of the coach-athlete interaction perceived by Taekwondo athletes on the self-efficacy. To this end, it conducted the convenience sampling among the non-probability sampling, by recruiting Taekwondo sparring and Poomsae athletes from the Korean university, and used a total of 289 questionnaires. data were conducted by using SPSS 23.0 and AMOS 23.0. The findings are as follows: First, the belief and the know-how among the sub-factors of the coach-athlete interaction perceived have positive effects of the self-efficacy. Second, the belief among the sub-factors of the coach-athlete interaction perceived has a positive effect on the exercise flow. Third, the know-how among the sub-factors of the coach-athlete interaction perceived has a positive effect on the perceived performance. Fourth, the self-efficacy has a positive effect on the perceived performance. Fifth, the exercise flow has a positive effect on the perceived performance. In conclusion, The game rules, game strategies and training methods would be changed and developed, and coaches should make continuous effort to increase their professionalism, along with the development of the modern Taekwondo. Hence the current Taekwondo coaches need to actively participate in workshops, seminars, etc., to acquire professional knowledge necessary for them.

Separation of Nattokinase from Bacillus subtilis Fermentation Broth by Expanded Bed Adsorption with Mixed-mode Adsorbent

Shan-Jing Yao,Miao-Hua Lu,Dong-Qiang Lin,Yuan-Chun Wu,Jun-Xian Yun,Le-He Mei 한국생물공학회 2005 Biotechnology and Bioprocess Engineering Vol.10 No.2

Mixed-mode hydrophobic/ionic matrices exhibit a salt-tolerant property for adsorbing target protein from high-ionic strength feedstock, which allows the application of undiluted feedstock via an expanded bed process. In the present work, a new type of mixed-mode adsorbent designed for expanded bed adsorption, Fastline PRO, was challenged for the capture of nattokinase from the high ionic fermentation broth of Bacillus subtilis. Two important factors, pH and ion concentration, were investigated with regard to the performance of nattokinase adsorption. Under initial fermentation broth conditions (pH 6.6 and conductivity of 10 mS/cm) the adsorption capacity of nattokinase with Fastline PRO was high, with a maximum capacity of 5,350 U/mL adsorbent. The elution behaviors were investigated using packed bed adsorption experiments, which demonstrated that the effective desorption of nattokinase could be achieved by effecting a pH of 9.5. The biomass pulse response experiments were carried out in order to evaluate the biomass/adsorbent interactions between Bacillus subtilis cells and Fastline PRO, and to demonstrate a stable expanded bed in the feedstock containing Bacillus subtilis cells. Finally, an EBA process, utilizing mixed-mode Fastline PRO adsorbent, was optimized to capture nattokinase directly from the fermentation broth. The purification factor reached 12.3, thereby demonstrating the advantages of the mixed-mode EBA in enzyme separation.

MSP58 Knockdown Inhibits the Proliferation of Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma in Vitro and in Vivo

Xu, Chun-Sheng,Zheng, Jian-Yong,Zhang, Hai-Long,Zhao, Hua-Dong,Zhang, Jing,Wu, Guo-Qiang,Wu, Lin,Wang, Qing,Wang, Wei-Zhong,Zhang, Jian Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention 2012 Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention Vol.13 No.7

Esophageal carcinoma (EC) is one of the most aggressive cancers with a poor prognosis. Understanding the molecular mechanisms underlying esophageal cancer progression is a high priority for improved EC diagnosis and prognosis. Recently, MSP58 was shown to behave as an oncogene in colorectal carcinomas and gliomas. However, little is known about its function in esophageal carcinomas. We therefore examined the effects of MSP58 knockdown on the growth of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) cells in vitro and in vivo in order to gain a better understanding of its potential as a tumor therapeutic target. We employed lentiviral-mediated small hairpin RNA (shRNA) to knock down the expression of MSP58 in the ESCC cell lines Eca-109 and EC9706 and demonstrated inhibition of ESCC cell proliferation and colony formation in vitro. Furthermore, flow cytometry and western blot analyses revealed that MSP58 depletion induced cell cycle arrest by regulating the expression of P21, CDK4 and cyclin D1. Notably, the downregulation of MSP58 significantly inhibited the growth of ESCC xenografts in nude mice. Our results suggest that MSP58 may play an important role in ESCC progression.

Constituents and Effects of Ginseng Leaf

Xie, Jing-Tian,Wu, Ji-An,Lin, Elaine,Wang, Chong-Zhi,Yuan, Chun-Su Kyung Hee Oriental Medicine Research Center 2004 Oriental pharmacy and experimental medicine Vol.4 No.1

Ginseng root has been used as a tonic remedy in Traditional Chinese Medicine for centuries. Modern studies have demonstrated that ginseng root has complex components and multiple pharmacological properties. The effects of ginseng leaf, however, are not well known. Recent studies show that compared to ginseng root, ginseng leaf and stem exhibit a higher content of active compositions such as ginsenosides, polysaccharides, triterpene flavonoids, volatile oil, polyacetylenic alcohols, peptides, amino acids and fatty acids. Ginseng leaf possesses multiple pharmacological effects in the central nervous, cardiovascular, growth and metabolism systems. Additionally, the leaf has anti-fatigue, anti-hyperglycemic, anti-oxidant, and anti-aged effects. In general, ginseng leaf is quite safe, but adverse effects may occur if it is abused or is of poor quality. Thus, attention must be paid to dosages, quality, and standardization of ginseng leaf products.

Preferential Induction of CYP1A1 over CYP1B1 in Human Breast Cancer MCF-7 Cells after Exposure to Berberine

Wen, Chun-Jie,Wu, Lan-Xiang,Fu, Li-Juan,Shen, Dong-Ya,Zhang, Xue,Zhang, Yi-Wen,Yu, Jing,Zhou, Hong-Hao Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention 2014 Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention Vol.15 No.1

Estrogens are considered the major breast cancer risk factor, and the carcinogenic potential of estrogens might be attributed to DNA modification caused by derivatives formed during metabolism. $17{\beta}$-estradiol ($E_2$), the main steroidal estrogen present in women, is metabolized via two major pathways: formation of 2-hydroxyestradiol (2-OH $E_2$) and 4-hydroxyestradiol ($4-OH\;E_2$) through the action of cytochrome P450 (CYP) 1A1 and 1B1, respectively. Previous reports suggested that $2-OH\;E_2$ has putative protective effects, while $4-OH\;E_2$ is genotoxic and has potent carcinogenic activity. Thus, the ratio of $2-OH\;E_2/4-OH\;E_2$ is a critical determinant of the toxicity of $E_2$ in mammary cells. In the present study, we investigated the effects of berberine on the expression profile of the estrogen metabolizing enzymes CYP1A1 and CYP1B1 in breast cancer MCF-7 cells. Berberine treatment produced significant induction of both forms at the level of mRNA expression, but with increased doses produced 16~ to 52~fold greater induction of CYP1A1 mRNA over CYP1B1 mRNA. Furthermore, berberine dramatically increased CYP1A1 protein levels but did not influence CYP1B1 protein levels in MCF-7 cells. In conclusion, we present the first report to show that berberine may provide protection against breast cancer by altering the ratio of CYP1A1/CYP1B1, could redirect $E_2$ metabolism in a more protective pathway in breast cancer MCF-7 cells.

Genomic Screening for Targets Regulated by Berberine in Breast Cancer Cells

Wen, Chun-Jie,Wu, Lan-Xiang,Fu, Li-Juan,Yu, Jing,Zhang, Yi-Wen,Zhang, Xue,Zhou, Hong-Hao Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention 2013 Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention Vol.14 No.10

Berberine, a common isoquinoline alkaloid, has been shown to possess anti-cancer activities. However, the underlying molecular mechanisms are still not completely understood. In the current study, we investigated the effects of berberine on cell growth, colony formation, cell cycle distribution, and whether it improved the anticancer efficiency of cisplatin and doxorubicin in human breast cancer estrogen receptor positive (ER+) MCF-7 cells and estrogen receptor negative (ER-) MDA-MB-231 cells. Notably, berberine treatment significantly inhibited cell growth and colony formation in the two cell lines, berberine in combination with cisplatin exerting synergistic growth inhibitory effects. Accompanied by decreased growth, berberine induced G1 phase arrest in MCF-7 but not MDA-MB-231 cells. To provide a more detailed understanding of the mechanisms of action of berberine, we performed genome-wide expression profiling of berberine-treated cells using cDNA microarrays. This revealed that there were 3,397 and 2,706 genes regulated by berberine in MCF-7 and MDA-MB-231 cells, respectively. Fene oncology (GO) analysis identified that many of the target genes were involved in regulation of the cell cycle, cell migration, apoptosis, and drug responses. To confirm the microarray data, qPCR analysis was conducted for 10 selected genes based on previously reported associations with breast cancer and GO analysis. In conclusion, berberine exhibits inhibitory effects on breast cancer cells proliferation, which is likely mediated by alteration of gene expression profiles.

Parthenolide-Induced Apoptosis, Autophagy and Suppression of Proliferation in HepG2 Cells

Sun, Jing,Zhang, Chan,Bao, Yong-Li,Wu, Yin,Chen, Zhong-Liang,Yu, Chun-Lei,Huang, Yan-Xin,Sun, Ying,Zheng, Li-Hua,Wang, Xue,Li, Yu-Xin Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention 2014 Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention Vol.15 No.12

Purpose: To investigate the anticancer effects and underlying mechanisms of parthenolide on HepG2 human hepatocellular carcinoma cells. Materials and Methods: Cell viability was assessed by MTT assay and cell apoptosis through DAPI, TUNEL staining and Western blotting. Monodansylcadaverin(MDC) and AO staining were used to detect cell autophagy. Cell proliferation was assessed by Ki67 immunofluorescence staining. Results: Parthenolide induced growth inhibition in HepG2 cells. DAPI and TUNEL staining showed that parthenolide could increase the number of apoptotic nuclei, while reducing the expression of the anti-apoptotic protein Bcl-2 and elevating the expression of related proteins, like p53, Bax, cleaved caspase9 and cleaved caspase3. Parthenolide could induce autophagy in HepG2 cells and inhibited the expression of proliferation-related gene, Ki-67. Conclusions: Parthenolide can exert anti-cancer effects by inducing cell apoptosis, activating autophagy and inhibiting cell proliferation.