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Lee, Daehee,Wu, Mihye,Kim, Dong-Hyun,Chae, Changju,Cho, Min Kyung,Kim, Ji-Young,Lee, Sun Sook,Choi, Sungho,Choi, Youngmin,Shin, Tae Joo,Chung, Kyung Yoon,Jeong, Sunho,Moon, Jooho American Chemical Society 2017 ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES Vol.9 No.26
<P>The initial reversible capacity, a critical impediment in transition metal oxide-based anodes, is augmented in conversion-reaction-involved CoO anodes for lithium-ion batteries, by incorporating a chemically synthesized Ag nanophase. With an increase in the added amount of Ag nanophase from 5 to 15 wt %, the initial capacity loss decreases linearly up to 31.7%. The Ag nanophase maintains its pristine metallic nature without undergoing phase transformations, even during repeated vigorous electrochemical reactions of the active CoO phase. Complementary ex situ chemical/physical analyses suggest that the Ag nanophase promotes the catalytic generation of reversible gel-like/polymeric films wherein lithium ions are stored capacitively in the low-voltage region below 0.7 V during discharging. These scientific findings would provide a heretofore unrecognized pathway to resolving a major issue associated with the critical irreversibility in conversion-type transition metal oxide anodes.</P>
LiDAR를 활용한 과수 형상에 따라 선택적 방제가 가능한 지능형 방제기
양창주(Changju Yang),김국환(Gookhwan Kim),이명훈(Meonghun Lee),김경철(Kyoung-Chul Kim),홍영기(Youngki Hong),김현종(Hyunjong Kim),이시영(Siyoung Lee),류희석(Hee-Suk Ryu),권경도(Kyung-Do Kwon),오민석(Min-seok Oh) 유공압건설기계학회 2020 드라이브·컨트롤 Vol.17 No.4
Driving on irregular and inclined roads using agricultural machinery such as spraying machines or trucks in orchards causes farmer casualties associated with the overturning of agricultural machinery. In addition, the harm to agricultural workers caused by the excessive inhalation of the scattered pesticide frequently occurs during pest control processes. To address these problems, we introduced precision agricultural technology that could selectively spray pesticides only where the fruit is present by recognizing the presence or shape of the fruit in the orchard. In this paper, a 16-channel LIDAR (VLP-16) made of Velodyne was used to identify the shape of fruit trees. Solenoid valves were attached to the end parts of 12 nozzles of the orchard spraying machine for on/off control. The smart spraying machine implemented in this way was mounted on a vehicle capable of autonomous travel and performed selective control depending upon the shape of the fruit trees while traveling in the orchards. This is expected to significantly reduce the amounts of pesticides used in orchards and production costs.
황창주(Changju Hwang),이춘성(Choon Sung Lee),안영준(Young Joon Ahn),강석중(Seok Joong Kang),김지효(Ji Hyo Kim),정경일(Kyeong Il Jeong),김영태(Yung Tae Kim),이동호(Dong Ho Lee) 대한정형외과학회 2007 대한정형외과학회지 Vol.42 No.1
목적: 후전방 C형 투시 장치 회전 방법을 이용한 척추 측만증의 수술적 치료에서 흉추 척추경 나사못 삽입의 실용적이고 안전하며 정확한 방법을 알아보고 소개하고자 하였다. 대상 및 방법: 한 명의 숙련된 척추외과 의사가 후전방 C형 투시 장치 회전 방법을 이용하여 45명의 흉추부 만곡이 주만곡인 측만증 환자에서 611개의 흉추 척추경 나사못을 삽입하였다. 흉추 척추경 나사못의 정확한 위치를 알기 위해 술후 컴퓨터 단층 촬영을 시행하였다. 결과: 삽입된 611개의 나사못 중 10개의 나사못(1.6%)이 내측 피질을 천공하였고, 56개의 나사못(9.2%)이 외측 피질을 천공하였다. 21개의 나사못(3.4%)이 추체의 전방 피질을 관통하였고, 시상면 상에서 척추경의 상하 피질을 천공한 경우는 없었다. 신경 혈관계의 합병증이나 나사못을 재삽입해야 하는 경우도 없었다. 결론: 척추 측만증 환자에서 후전방 C형 투시 장치 회전 방법을 이용한 흉추 척추경 나사못 삽입 방법은 회전 변형이 있는 추체에서 회전 변형에 맞춰 C형 투시 장치를 회전시켜 양측 척추경이 대칭으로 보이는 진성 전후면 영상에서 나사못을 삽입하기 때문에 배우기 쉽고, 간편하게 적용할 수 있으며, 안정성이 높은 방법이라고 판단된다. Purpose: This study evaluated a practical, safe and accurate method of thoracic pedicle screw insertion for the surgical treatment of scoliosis using the posteroanterior C-arm fluoroscopy rotation method. Materials and Methods: A total of 611 thoracic pedicle screws were inserted in 45 patients using the posteroanterior (PA) C-arm rotation method. CT scans were taken postoperatively in the transand sagittal sections to evaluate the pedicle screw placement. Results: A mean preoperative curve of 57.7° was corrected to 17.1° (range, 3°-45°) in the coronal plane. The postoperative CT scans revealed that 10 screws (1.6%) had penetrated the medial cortex by a mean distance of 3.0 ㎜ and 56 screws (9.2%) penetrated the lateral cortex by a mean distance of 3.5 ㎜. No screw penetrated the inferior or superior cortex in the sagittal plane. However, 21 screws (3.4%) penetrated the anterior cortex. No neurological or vascular complications were encountered, and none of the screws required replacement. Conclusion: Thoracic pedicle screw insertion in scoliosis patients using the posteroanterior C-arm rotation method is a practical, simple and safe technique that allows the en face visualization of both pedicles by rotating the C-arm to compensate for the rotational deformity.
황창주(Changju Hwang),강석중(Seok-Joong Kang),이성우(Sung-Woo Lee),안영준(Young-Joon Ahn),김영태(Yung-Tae Kim),이동호(Dong-Ho Lee),이춘성(Choon Sung Lee) 대한정형외과학회 2008 대한정형외과학회지 Vol.43 No.3
점차 진행하는 보행 장애와 요추 과다전만증을 보이는 11세 여자 환자가 조기 발병 안면견갑상완 근 이영양증으로 진단되었다. 골반 신전근의 근력이 제3 급이었으며, 보행 분석상 골반 경사와 고관절 굴곡이 현저히 증가되어 있었다. 이는 골반 신전근이 약하면 척추의 직립과 균형을 유지할 수 없다는 사실을 보여 주는 전형적인 증례로서, 골반 신전근의 약화가 과다전만증이 발생하게 된 가장 중요한 원인이며, 보행 분석의 결과가 이를 잘 설명해주고 있다. 환자는 직립 자세를 유지하기 위하여 상대적으로 강한 척추 신전근의 보상 작용에 의해 척추를 과신전하게 되는 것이다. 요추의 과다전만증을 수술적으로 교정하면 이러한 과신전에 의한 보상 기전이 와해되고, 골반 신전근이 약하기 때문에 기립 또는 보행 시 고관절을 중심으로 척추 전체가 전방으로 구부러지게 될 것이 분명하다. 따라서 이러한 환자에서 수술적 치료는 금기이며, 이는 저자들이 과거 제안하였던 퇴행성 편평 배부 환자에 대한 치료 방침의 타당성을 실증하고 있는 예이다. An 11-year-old girl with early-onset facioscapulohumeral muscular dystrophy (FSHD) presented with progressive gait disturbance and lumbar hyperlordosis. The motor power of her pelvic extensor muscles was grade 3. Pelvic tilt and hip flexion were markedly increased as determined by gait analysis. This FSHD case is an impressive example of a patient demonstrating the concept that weak pelvic extensor muscles cannot keep the spine upright and balanced. The most important factor in the development of hyperlordosis is the weakness of the pelvic extensor muscles, and the results of gait analysis exquisitely explain the pathophysiology. The patient stands with her spine hyperextended to maintain upright posture by a compensatory mechanism of relatively strong back extensor muscles. Corrective surgery for lumbar hyperlordosis was not considered as it could eliminate the compensatory lumbar hyperextension, thus making the spine of the patient stoop forward through the hip joint during walking, being caused by the weakness of her pelvic extensor muscles.
청소년기 특발성 척추측만증에서 체위 및 마취에 따른 변형의 변화
황창주(Changju Hwang),이성우(Sung Woo Lee),안영준(Young Joon Ahn),정재현(Jae Hyun Chung),김영태(Yung Tae Kim),이동호(Dong Ho Lee),이춘성(Choon Sung Lee) 대한정형외과학회 2008 대한정형외과학회지 Vol.43 No.3
목적: 척추측만증에서 관상면상 및 축면상 변형의 크기와 끝 척추, 중립 척추가 체위 및 마취에 의해 어떻게 변화하는지 알아보았다. 대상 및 방법: 31명의 특발성 척추측만증 환자에서 62개의 구조성 만곡을 대상으로 기립, 앙와위, 측 굴곡, 마취 후, 술후 전후면 단순 방사선사진상 각 만곡의 Cobb 각과 Perdriolle의 방법에 의한 첨부 척추의 회전 변형을 측정하고, 기립, 앙와위, 마취 후 방사선사진에서 끝 척추, 중립 척추를 확인하여 서로 비교하였다. 결과: 앙와위, 측 굴곡, 마취, 수술에 의해 술전 기립 방사선사진상의 Cobb 각은 각각 25.0%, 59.5%, 31.7%, 74.0%가 교정되었으며, 회전각은 각각 6.1%, 6.2%, 24.5%, 25.7%가 교정되었다. 앙와위 및 마취 후 사진 모두에서 18명(58.1%)의 환자가 끝 척추의 변이를 보였고, 중립 척추는 앙와위 사진에서 10명(32.3%), 마취 후 사진에서 20명(64.5%)이 변이를 보였다. 결론: 측만증의 관상면상 변형은 앙와위 자세 및 마취에 의해 상당 부분 교정된다. 회전 변형은 마취에 의해 유의하게 교정되며, 강봉 반회전술로 그 이상의 교정을 얻을 수 없다. 끝 척추 및 중립 척추 또한 앙와위 자세 및 마취에 의해 변화하는 경우가 많기 때문에 유합 범위의 결정에 혼란을 초래할 수 있다. Purpose: To determine changes in the end vertebra and neutral vertebra as well as in the magnitudes of coronal and rotational deformities according to position and anesthesia in patients with adolescent idiopathic scoliosis. Materials and Methods: Sixty-two structural curves in 31 patients were evaluated using standing, supine, side bending, post-anesthesia, and postoperative anteroposterior plain radiographs. Cobb angles and rotation angles by perdriolle torsionmeter were measured, and the end vertebra and neutral vertebra were identified in each radiograph. Results: Coronal cobb angles decreased significantly with correction rates of 25.0%, 31.7%, 59.5%, and 74.0%, and rotational deformities decreased with correction ratesof 6.1 %, 24.5%, 6.2%, and 25.7% by supine position, anesthesia, side bending and surgery, respectively. The end vertebrae changed in 18 patients (58.1%) in both supine and post-anesthesia radiographs, and the neutral vertebrae changed in 10 patients (32.3%) in supine radiographs and in 20 patients (64.5%) in post-anesthesia radiographs. Conclusion: Coronal deformities are significantly corrected by supine position and anesthesia. Anesthesia significantly corrects axial rotation, but more correction cannot be achieved by rod derotation. The end vertebra and neutral vertebra have a tendency to vary by position and anesthesia, which gives rise to confusion in the determination of fusion level.
중동 지역 내 미중 전략경쟁구조 분석 : 아브라함 협정과 일대일로를 중심으로
이창주(Changju Lee),백승훈(Seunghoon Paik) 한국이슬람학회 2021 한국이슬람학회논총 Vol.31 No.1
This paper analyzes the structure of strategic competition between the US and China over the Middle East. First of all, China is expanding the scope of its cooperation with the middle east based on energy resources, industrial cooperation, and infrastructure construction through the Belt and the Road Initiative(BRI). As China is forming a combined maritime network with the Middle East by connecting West Indian Ocean, Red Sea, Persian Gulf, and Mediterranean Sea, the US influence has continued to decrease with in the region. The US dependence on Middle Eastern energy resources have waned after the Shale Revolution which had lead to a certain degree of power vacuum in the Middle East. However, as the BRI successfully expands its connectivity in the Middle value chain of its own. By utilizing tradition alliance as an axis, the state of Israel, the US is trying to reengage as a Security –Economic patron in the region. Therefore, along with the analysis on the structure of strategic competition between the US and China over the Middle East, this paper examines whether the Red Sea initiative in the Middle East can be linked to China s BRI and the US s Abraham Accords. Furthermore, this paper seeks to provide the comprehensive perspective on the possible dynamics of BRI, the Abraham Accord, and the Red Sea Initiative in the future.