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RISS 인기검색어
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- 저자 : ( Abd El-latif Hesham ) (검색결과 2 건)
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Optimization of Citric Acid Production by Immobilized Cells of Novel Yeast Isolates
( Abd El-latif Hesham ),( Yasser S. Mostafa ),( Laila Essa Omar Alsharqi ) 한국균학회 2020 Mycobiology Vol.48 No.2
Citric acid is a commercially valuable organic acid widely used in food, pharmaceutical, and beverage industries. In this study, 260 yeast strains were isolated from soil, bread, juices, and fruits wastes and preliminarily screened using bromocresol green agar plates for their ability to produce organic acids. Overall, 251 yeast isolates showed positive results, with yellow halos surrounding the colonies. Citric acid production by 20 promising isolates was evaluated using both free and immobilized cell techniques. Results showed that citric acid production by immobilized cells (30-40 g/L) was greater than that of freely suspended cells (8-19 g/L). Of the 20 isolates, two (KKU-L42 and KKU-L53) were selected for further analysis based on their citric acid production levels. Immobilized KKU-L42 cells had a higher citric acid production rate (62.5%), while immobilized KKU-L53 cells showed an ~52.2% increase in citric acid production compared with free cells. The two isolates were accurately identified by amplification and sequence analysis of the 26S rRNA gene D1/D2 domain, with GenBank-based sequence comparison confirming that isolates KKU-L42 and KKU-L53 were Candida tropicalis and Pichia kluyveri, respectively. Several factors, including fermentation period, pH, temperature, and carbon and nitrogen source, were optimized for enhanced production of citric acid by both isolates. Maximum production was achieved at fermentation period of 5 days at pH 5.0 with glucose as a carbon source by both isolates. The optimum incubation temperature for citric acid production by C. tropicalis was 32 ℃, with NH<sub>4</sub>Cl the best nitrogen source, while maximum citric acid by P. kluyveri was observed at 27 ℃ with (NH<sub>4</sub>)<sub>2</sub> SO<sub>4</sub> as the nitrogen source. Citric acid production was maintained for about four repeated batches over a period of 20 days. Our results suggest that apple and banana wastes are potential sources of novel yeast strains; C. tropicalis and P. kluyveri which could be used for commercial citric acid production.
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Islamud-Din,Abd El-Latif Hesham,Ayaz Ahmad,Cang Daqiang,Sardar Khan 한국생물공학회 2014 Biotechnology and Bioprocess Engineering Vol.19 No.4
Sulfate-reducing bacteria (SRB) are widelyused for heavy metal (HM) treatment in bioreactors buttheir growth and biological activity can be inhibited bysuch treatment. Here, bioreactor experiments were used toinvestigate changes in the SRB community and the copynumber of the dissimilatory sulfite reductase β-subunitfunctional gene (dsrB) under high doses of sulfates andHMs. The SRB community was investigated using polymerasechain reaction denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis(PCR-DGGE) and sequencing techniques, while the dsrBgene abundance was measured by quantitative real-timePCR (qRT-PCR). The sulfate reduction rate was initiallymuch higher in reactors without HMs than in thosecontaining HMs (p = 0.001). Sulfate levels were reducedby 50% within the first 3 days of operation. As a result, theHM removal rate was initially much lower in the reactorscontaining HMs. Most of the HMs reduced to safe limitswithin 9 ~ 12 days of operation. The SRB communitymainly consisted of Desulfovibrio vulgaris, D. termitidis,D. desulfuricans, D. simplex and Desulfomicrobium baculatum,as determined by PCR-DGGE. qRT-PCR revealed adecreasing trend in the copy numbers of a functional gene(dsrB) after 6 days in samples lacking HMs; however, theopposite trend was observed in the HM-containing samples.
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