Tetraspanin1 as a conserved regulator of stem cell-properties in intermediate cells during regeneration and reprogramming : 재생과 리프로그래밍 중간단계세포의 줄기세포 특성을 유지하는 공통인자로서의 Tetraspanin1 연구

남주현 과학기술연합대학원대학교 한국생명공학연구원(KRIBB) 2025 국내박사

객관주의적 인식론이 기독교학교교육에 미친 영향에 대한 비판적 연구 : “중생”에 대한 이해의 관점에서

김병재 아세아연합신학대학교 교육대학원 2018 국내석사

ABSTRACT A critical on the influence of Objectivism epistemology in Christian school -based on understanding “Regeneration”- Kim, Byoung Jae Master of Education The Graduate School of Education, Asia United Theological University The aim of this study is to suggest alternatives to objectivism epistemology in Christian educational view. Especially, This researcher suggests ‘regeneration’ among the Christian doctrines as an alternative. Therefore, this researcher studies ‘regeneration’ with the following questions. First, What is objectivism and what are the critical points about objectivism? Second, What is the influence of objectivism epistemology on education? Third, What is regeneration and what is epistemology based on regeneration? Fourth, how does epistemology based on regeneration restores Christian school education? This dissertation consists of five chapters. In the first chapter, the demands and significance of the study are demonstrated. In chapter Ⅱ, the effects of objectivism epistemology on education are discussed. And the objectivism epistemology is criticized from theories of Hans-Georg Gadamer, Karl R. Popper, Tomas S. Kuhn, and Michael Polanyi. Then in chapter Ⅲ, regeneration that core of Christian educational epistemology is explained with the three following points: surveying regeneration in the frame of salvation, examining the change of humanity’s will through regeneration in books of Jonathan Edwards, and presenting Christian epistemology based on regeneration in the light of Van Til. In chapter Ⅳ, The knowledge in objectivism epistemology is criticized on the basis of the epistemology based on regeneration, focussing on ‘non-independence’, ‘value orientation’, and ‘personality’. Also, This dissertation, on the basis of the epistemology based on regeneration, suggests what should be recovered in Christian school education, and this suggestion categorizes into areas: salvation, class, and practice. Finally, in chapter V, this researcher examines the importance of epistemology based on regeneration as a matter of Christian school education. Christian school cannot exist without the Truth of Christianity. To say specifically, regeneration is both the idea and practice, encompassing human knowledge, will, and practice. Therefore, In the following, this dissertation demonstrates that Christian school education should take as it is foundation epistemology based on regeneration. It will not only help to teach the proper knowledge in a Christian school but also restore the method of Christian school education and even students’ life. I hope that it is succeeding researches to be more theological, more detailed themes on Christian educational view.

Lineage Restriction, Cellular Heterogeneity, and Patterning during Mammalian Digit Tip Regeneration

Johnson, Gemma Lee Harvard University ProQuest Dissertations & Theses 2022 해외박사(DDOD)

소속기관이 구독 중이 아닌 경우 오후 4시부터 익일 오전 9시까지 원문보기가 가능합니다.

Regeneration can be broadly defined as the renewal of biological structures. This occurs over the lifetimes of all multicellular organisms as structures like epithelia are replaced by cell division and growth. Some vertebrates, however, are capable of regenerating entire appendages, such as limbs, after amputation. This type of regeneration goes beyond the maintenance of tissues and requires re-growth of entire appendages. One striking example is the axolotl, which can regenerate lost limbs and tails, among other complex tissues. Regenerative ability is more restricted within mammals, but mice and human children have the innate ability to regenerate digit tips. The digit tip is an anatomical structure that includes bone, connective tissue, nerves, blood vessels, the nail, and the nail epithelium. After amputation there is first a wound healing response that leads to closure of the wound epithelium. The blastema, a heterogeneous mass of proliferating cells, then forms and regenerates the non-epithelial structures of the digit tip. Mouse digit tip regeneration provides a model to study regeneration in mammals to determine principles of regeneration that will lead to advances in regenerative medicine in humans. This dissertation addresses two aspects of digit tip regeneration that advance our understanding of the mouse digit tip blastema: what is the cellular composition of the blastema, and does patterning of the blastema require the same genes that pattern the limb bud during embryonic limb development. Classically, the blastema has been described simply as a collection of proliferating cells. In the mouse digit tip, the blastema is made up of heterogeneous and broadly lineage restricted cells, but the full extent of heterogeneity is unknown. In Chapter 2 we use single-cell RNA-sequencing to define the cell types present in the unamputated and regenerating digit tip. We find that the blastema is largely made up of heterogeneous fibroblast populations with distinct gene expression programs. Other cell types such as immune cells, Schwann cells, osteoblasts, vascular cells, and more are also found in the blastema, some of which have been described before using histology. These broad cell types are also present in the unamputated digit tip. A computational lineage trajectory of the vascular, monocytic, and fibroblast populations confirms broad lineage restriction in the mouse digit tip blastema but suggests that subtler trans differentiation relationships may exist. We also find that certain fibroblast clusters expand during regeneration and express regeneration specific genes such as Mest. Patterning during limb regeneration has long been thought to be mediated by the same genes that pattern developing limbs. In Chapter 3 we explore the patterning of the mouse digit tip blastema in the dorsal-ventral axis using the well-known set of transcription factors that define the dorsal-ventral axis during limb development, En1 and Lmx1b. We show that En1 and Lmx1b are expressed during regeneration but not with dorsal-ventral polarity. Further, we develop a computational method to show that loss of En1 or Lmx1b does not perturb the dorsal-ventral morphology of the regenerated digit tip bone, indicating that the limb development dorsal-ventral patterning genes are not re-used during digit tip regeneration. Together, these chapters advance our knowledge of the digit tip blastema and provide a wealth of data and methods that can be used to further investigate the mechanisms of regeneration in a mammalian system.

Regeneration of Nicotinamide Coenzyme by Rhodium Complexes; Efficient Regeneration Methods and Applications

Dharmalingam Sivanesan 국민대학교 일반대학원 2014 국내박사

Abstract Regeneration of Nicotinamide Coenzyme by Rhodium Complexes; Efficient Regeneration Methods and Applications by Dharmalingam Sivanesan Department of Bio and Nano Chemistry Graduate School of Kookmin University Seoul, Korea Chapter 1. Overview on Available Regeneration Methods for Nicotinamide Coenzymes and Our Efforts for NADH Regeneration NADH-dependent or oxidoreductases mediated asymmetric synthesis are of particular interest because they are utilized in the synthesis of various pharmaceutically active intermediates. Hence regeneration of NADH coenzyme plays very important role in the biocatalysis. In this chapter we have summarized the previously available compounds and methods for the coenzyme regeneration. Also, based on the results available in the literature, our efforts toward making efficient regeneration method for coenzyme is rationalized based on the regeneration mechanism. Chapter 2. Effect of the Substituents in the 2,2’-Bipyridine Ligands of [Cp*Rh(bpy]Cl]Cl for Regeneration of NADH by Chemical and Indirect Electrochemical Methods The Rh(III) complexes having functionalized bpy ligands were synthesized and fully characterized. The hydrido complex [η5-Cp*Rh(bpyCH2OH)H]+, which could be generated either electrochemically by cathodic reduction of the [η5-Cp*Rh(bpy-CH2OH)Cl]Cl complex at −771 mV (versus Ag/AgCl) or chemically with formate, transformed NAD+ efficiently into NADH. The 5,5’-bpyCH2OH and 4,4’-bpyCH2OH ligated rhodium complexes were successfully generated the NADH by chemical and indirect electrochemical methods. The maximum activity was obtained for [η5-Cp*Rh(4,4’-bpyCH2OH) Cl]Cl (710 h-1) and [η5-Cp*Rh(5,5’-bpyCH2OH)Cl]Cl (1106 h-1) at 60°C chemically with formate anion. Although, the electron releasing groups are in 4,4’-position of 2,2’-pypyridine, the catalytic efficiency was decreased for linkable functional groups containing [Cp*Rh(bpy)Cl]+ complexes due to the functional groups interaction with metal center. Chapter 3. Water-soluble Carbene-containing Rhodium Complexes for Regeneration of NADH with Elevated Catalytic Turnover Frequency The Rh(III) complexes ligated with pyridyl-carbene ligands that can allocate high electron density on metal site was synthesized and fully characterized. The Rh(III) complexes effciently could regnerate the NADH by chemically with formate. Also, electrochemically by cathodic reduction of the [(η5-Cp*)Rh(4-t-butylpyridyl(NHC))Cl]Cl(7) complex at −980 mV vs. Ag/AgCl transformed NAD+ efficiently into NADH. In pH 9.2, the complex 7 shown the highest activity with a TOF = 6960 h-1 at 60°C. Here the catalytic activity was rationized based on the reduction potential of the catalysts 7, 8 and 9, and pH of the reaction medium. In the chemical regeneration, high concentration of NAD+ in the catalytic medium changes the pH to acidic which prohibit the formation of active intermidiate, [(η5-Cp*)Rh(4-t-butylpyridyl(NHC))H]+. Chapter 4. Efficient Regeneration of Coenzyme Using Dihydrogen and Combined studies with Lactate Dehydrogenase Enzyme We have demonstrated that the Rh(III) complexes [η5-Cp*Rh(bpy-OH)Cl]Cl and [(η5-Cp*)Rh(4-t-butylpyridyl(NHC))Cl]Cl having ligands dihydroxyl-bpy and N-heterocyclic carbene provide efficient regeneration of NADH using H2 gas. The highly active complexes were 3 and 4, and the generated NADH by 3 was utilized for the enantioselective synthesis of D-lactate with D-LDH. At pH 8.2 maximum turn over number 145 was obtained for D-lactate using 3. We believe that this system is suitable for the in-situ generation of NADH and enzymatic reductions because of the NADH regeneration without producing the environmentally harmful byproducts. Chapter 5. Covalently Attached Ru and Rh Bimetal Complexes for Photochemical Regeneration of NADH and Photoenzymatic Studies Utilization of solar energy as a sustainable and environmentally acceptable energy source has most attention due to the high abundance, cheap and clean energy. In this chapter we have described covalently attached bi-metal complexes 1 and 2 for the photochemical regeneration of NADH and the generated NADH was combined for enantioselective synthesis of D-lactate using NADH-dependent enzyme, D-LDH. In 1 and 2, mediator and photosensitizer were covalently attached through saturated and unsaturated covalent bonds. Among them 2 is shown the maximum generation of D-lactate from photoenzymatic method and it results from the higher electron density on the metal. Additionally, the conjugation properties of the 1 and 2 affect the electron transfer which decides the photochemical generation of NADH.

Towards Smart Sustainable Urban Regeneration (SSUR): A strategic performance evaluation for the success of SSUR in residential areas using the balanced scorecard

ESCALONA REYES MANUEL ALEJANDRO 고려대학교 대학원 2022 국내석사

Nowadays, the sustainable performance of cities has become increasingly crucial, especially for urban regeneration. Also, with the rise of approaches such as smart city, it has become more critical to understand the integration of both concepts for better urban development. The present study explores incorporating both concepts under urban regeneration to target critical urban areas such as residential neighborhoods. For this, the research adapts and proposes a Balance Score Card (BSC) that can be implemented as an assessment tool by which the problem described can be targeted. To achieve this goal first, an extensive literature review is performed to define the integration of smartness and sustainability for city development and define the principals of Smart Sustainable Urban Regeneration (SSUR). After this stage it proceed by developing a BSC following the next steps: define the BSC architecture for SSUR; establish the perspectives and strategic objectives based on SSUR; identify possible indicators through the analysis of assessment frameworks related to sustainable and smart development; evaluate the findings through consultation with Korean and Latin American experts, and finally structuring the final BSCs SSUR for residential areas. This dissertation concludes that BSC can have a positive impact on the definition of the objectives strategies and the measure of the impact of a residential area regeneration project. Particularly, it can assist as a viable tool that helps to integrate the smart and sustainable approach in the field of urban regeneration, helping leaders and other stakeholders to have a clear understanding of the decisions to be taken and the resources needed to achieve the targets, at the same time that helps to clear the different needs between contexts. 오늘날, 도시 재생에 있어 지속 가능한 성과는 더욱 더 중요해지고 있다. 특히 스마트 시티와 같은 접근법이 부상함에 따라 더 나은 도시 개발을 위하여 지속 가능성과 스마트 시티, 이 두 개념을 통합하여 이해하는 것이 더욱 중요해졌다. 본 연구는 주거 지역과 같은 주요 도시 지역의 재생에 있어, 이 두 개념의 통합 가능성을 연구하였다. 이를 위하여, 본 연구에서는 균형 점수 카드(BSC)를 활용하여 두 개념의 문제점을 진단하는 방법을 모색하였다. 금번 연구를 위하여, 우선 광범위한 문헌 검토를 수행하여 도시개발을 위한 스마트 시티의 개념과 도시개발 지속가능성의 통합을 정의하고, 스마트 지속 가능 도시재생(SSUR)의 원칙을 정의하였다. 원칙 정의 이후에는 다음과 같은 절차를 거쳐 BSC를 도출하였다: SSUR을 위한 BSC 아키텍처 정의; SSUR을 기반으로 한 관점 및 전략적 목표 수립; 지속 가능 개발과 스마트 개발과 평가 프레임워크의 분석을 통하여 활용가능한 지표 도출; 한국과 중남미 전문가와의 논의를 통한 결과 평가; 주거 지역 SSUR에 대한 최종 BSC 구조 확정. 이번 연구를 통하여 BSC가 목표 전략 정의 및 주거 지역 재생 프로젝트 영향을 측정에 긍정적인 영향을 미칠 수 있음을 알게 되었다. 특히, 이 BSC는 도시 재생 분야에 있어 스마트하고 지속가능한 접근 방식을 통합하는 실행 가능한 도구로 사용될 수 있는 가능성을 발견하였다. 리더와 이해 관계자들은 이 BSC를 이용하여 의사결정과 목표 달성에 필요한 자원을 판단하는 데 도움이 될 뿐만 아니라, 다양한 도시 재생 환경에서 다른 니즈를 확인할 수 있도록 도움을 줄 수 있을 것이다.

Construction of biodegradable PLGA microsphere-based adult stem cells customized tissue regeneration system : Construction of biodegradable PLGA microsphere-based adult stem cells customized tissue regeneration system

김혜진 차의과학대학교 일반대학원 2021 국내박사

The fields of tissue engineering, stem cell therapy, and gene therapy have evolved during their development by many researchers over the past 20 years. Stem cells can be differentiated into specific cells that can produce or regenerate artificial organs and tissues to replace damaged tissues in vivo. When inducing the differentiation of stem cells, substances such as proteins, growth factors, drugs, small molecules, and genes are used to stimulate the cells. Stem cells are all organically related and, thus, have established themselves as being valuable in the field of convergence research. Because the importance of fusion research focusing on the replacement and recovery of damaged organs is increasing, this study accordingly aimed to establish a tissue regeneration system that implements various functions for effective tissue regeneration. Hence, we constructed a system for delivering combinations of genes and drugs to stem cells based on the microsphere-shaped scaffold, which is a key element in tissue regeneration. Stem cells, which are the cellular basis of tissue regeneration, are very diverse. and adult stem cells were selected for use in this study. Adult stem cells have different characteristics depending on the tissue from which they are derived; therefore, two types of mesenchymal stem cells were used to create suitable scaffolds. The most commonly used stem cells, human bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells and mesenchymal progenitor cells derived from human embryonic stem cells, were employed in the study. First, a porous poly(lactide-co-glycolic acid)(PLGA)-based microsphere was fabricated using a water-in-oil-in-water technique. The system employed to induce cartilage regeneration was designed to contain gold nanoparticles and dexamethasone combined with the SOX9 gene, and microspheres for bone differentiation were made containing Arg-Gly-Asp (RGD)-coated nanoparticles and dexamethasone by the water-in-oil technique. To evaluate the biocompatibility and tissue regeneration efficiency of these two different PLGA-based microspheres, they were analyzed in vitro and in vivo. As a result, it was confirmed that cell adhesion occurred effectively with both of the PLGA-based microspheres. In the case of the porous microsphere, it was confirmed that the cells penetrated the inner space. In addition, the genes contained within the microspheres were continuously released and transmitted to the cells. The cell growth rate also increased with time. These results showed that the biocompatibility was excellent. The system also showed excellent cartilage regeneration efficacy when examined in a cartilage-damaged rat model. On investigation of the other microsphere, the results confirmed that there was excellent cell adhesion, and as a result of transplanting and analyzing a bone-damaged rat model, it was confirmed to have efficient bone-regenerating ability. To conclude, based on these results, there was verified biocompatibility and tissue regeneration efficacy without affecting the stem cell growth rate. Therefore, a customized stem cell tissue regeneration system was constructed.

Urban Regeneration Studies in Beijing Sub-Center Based on Public Policy-oriented

Bo DENG 서울시립대학교 국제도시과학대학원 2022 국내석사

도시재생은 도시에 필요한 일종의 재건 사업이다. 베이징 부도심의 도시화가 가속화됨에 따라 도시재생은 도시 건설 및 개발에 있어서 더욱 중요한 역할을 하고 있다. 많은 이해관계자(정부, 시장, 대중)가 참여하는 공공정책은 도시재생사업에서 무시할 수 없는 중요한 측면이다. 정부와 시장, 대중 그리고 기타 이해관계자 모두 도시재생사업에 핵심적인 역할을 할 것이다. 이해관계자의 성숙한 역할을 필요로 하는 도시재생 공공정책 개발에 있어서 한국이 중국보다 앞서 있다는 점을 감안하면 중국, 특히 베이징 부도심에서 도시재생 공공정책을 수립하는 데 있어 한국의 정책은 고려할 만한 가치가 있을 것이다. 본 연구는 베이징 부도심의 대표적인 도시재생사업(행정구역, 디자인 타운, 사우스 스트리트)을 모두 종합한 결과를 토대로 인터뷰와 설문지에서 얻은 데이터를 분석하여 베이징 부도심 도시재생의 특성 및 문제를 파악하고, 한국 도시의 사례를 충분히 학습하여 베이징 부도심의 도시재생 공공정책을 개선할 수 있는 몇 가지 제안을 내놓았다. 제안에는 도시재생의 법적인 제도를 개선하고, 도시재생 관리 플랫폼을 구축하여 더 많은 지원정책을 수립하고, 시장이 질서 있게 도시재생에 참여할 수 있도록 돕고, 대중이 도시재생활동에 적극적으로 참여할 수 있도록 지원해야 한다는 점을 포함한다. Urban regeneration is some kind of necessary reconstruction activity in the city. With the acceleration of urbanization of Beijing Sub Center, urban regeneration is playing a more and more important role in the construction and development of the city. In the urban regeneration projects, public policies involving many stakeholders (government, market, public, etc.) are important aspects that cannot be ignored. The government, the market, the public and other stakeholders will all play key roles in urban regeneration. Considering that South Korea, as a developed country, ahead of China in the development of urban regeneration public policy, whose role of stakeholders is more mature, it should be of great value to the formulation of urban regeneration public policy in China, especially in Beijing Sub Center. On the basis of fully combing the typical urban regeneration projects of Beijing Sub Center (Administrative Zone, Design town and South Street), this study analyzes the data from interviews and questionnaires, finds out the characteristics and problems of urban regeneration of Beijing Sub Center, by fully learning from the experience of Korean cities, gives some suggestions to improve the public policy of urban regeneration of Beijing Sub Center, Including: improving the law system of urban regeneration, establishing the urban regeneration management platform, formulating more supporting policies, helping the market to participate in urban regeneration orderly, and supporting the public to participate in urban regeneration actively.

원도심 숙박시설 확충을 통한 도시재생활성화에 관한 연구 : - 충북 제천시를 중심으로 -

조정현 세명대학교 대학원 2021 국내박사

The need for urban regeneration has emerged as existing urban readjustment projects have caused urban population to decline, the departure of traditional industries, and the dissolution of local communities. Against this backdrop, "stay-type tourism" has emerged as a new growth engine for the region, along with cultural and tourism-type urban regeneration projects that actively utilize local resources. As a way to promote stay-at-home tourism, several local governments have begun to build guest houses linked to urban regeneration projects. Against this backdrop, Jecheon-si established three guest houses through urban regeneration projects. The area where the guest house is located is the area where the urban regeneration project has been completed, and it is necessary to maintain the performance of the urban regeneration project. Therefore, this study intends to present a plan for the management and operation of accommodation facilities for the sustainable management of urban regeneration projects. Jecheon-si, the subject of this study, was a city that developed into the coal mining industry in the past, and the regional decline began to accelerate after the policy to encourage abandoned mines. Jecheon City implemented various policies to reconstruct the original city center, but failed to achieve the desired results and has been working to rebuild the original city center through urban regeneration projects since 2016. Jecheon City has selected stay-type tourism as a driving force for urban growth since 2018, and is focusing on securing tourism contents and tourism infrastructure in connection with urban regeneration projects. Under such urban revitalization policies, three guest houses have been established in connection with urban regeneration projects, but the policies for operating and managing them are still insufficient. Therefore, this study intends to present a plan for the management and operation of accommodation facilities for sustainable urban regeneration. To this end, both literature and empirical studies were conducted. Through literature research, measures to regenerate the original city center and expand accommodation facilities were studied, and accommodation facilities that could be expanded in Jecheon City were derived through a survey and analysis of the current status of Jecheon City. As an empirical study, the management and operation plan was to be derived through the case of other local governments, and the operation characteristics of the current guest house and the contribution of urban regeneration in the future were investigated. The results of the study are as follows. As a result of the analysis, it was planning to create a hub space for education, medical and cultural in the original city center as a part of the urban regeneration project. Although tourism resources in the downtown area of Jecheon were insufficient, Jecheon's recent active urban tourism policy is expected to increase the inflow of urban population in the future. However, accommodation for travelers was found to be poor in the downtown area of Jecheon, where tourism contents and infrastructure were developed around the existing Cheongpung area. Measures to expand accommodation facilities are needed preemptively in preparation for the increase in the number of tourists in urban areas in the future. According to an analysis of the operation of accommodation facilities through urban regeneration by other local governments, Gongju boarding village, which is operated directly by the city, is suffering from a deficit due to high price formation, lack of breakfast, and lack of public space. The Tongli Guest House in Taebaek City is the only guest house in the region, serving as a lifelong education center for local residents, and as a population inflow element in the city through the Enzyme Steam Cafe in connection with the guesthouse. In the case of Jecheon City, various amenities, auxiliary facilities, and low prices attract outside tourists, but its role as a community facility for local residents is insufficient. Therefore, it is believed that it is necessary to provide education programs for local residents and create its own profit-generating programs to fulfill its responsibility for local regeneration. Two proposals were made to proactively expand accommodation facilities for the growing number of tourists in urban areas. To this end, the government proposed the use of studio and multi-family housing near local universities to prevent the decline of the local economy due to the decrease in school-age population, and the improvement of old motels and inn remodeling facilities to utilize existing resources. In order to prepare legal and institutional maintenance and ground conditions for sustainable operation of accommodation facilities, the necessity of enacting ordinances, and the establishment of village enterprises to effectively operate accommodation facilities through education. In particular, village companies emphasize locality and have the effect of creating jobs in the region, so the introduction of village companies related to urban lodging could play an important role in revitalizing the region. In addition, the government proposed ways to promote profit-making and increase the utilization rate of guest houses in connection with the one-week living program represented by the stay-at-home tourism program. This study has limitations in that it was limited to Jecheon City among small and medium-sized cities in provincial areas, and that it was opened for cases with a very short operation period. Subsequent research will require a comparison of the characteristics of accommodation facilities in large and small cities, and a survey of satisfaction and re-visit doctors will be required for accommodation users. It is also said that quantitative research is needed to identify the degree of contribution to actual regional revitalization. However, this study is meaningful in that it proposed sustainable management of urban regeneration projects and ways to maintain business performance by utilizing guest houses, a joint urban regeneration facility at the end of urban regeneration projects. 기존 도시정비사업이 도시의 인구감소, 전통산업의 이탈, 지역커뮤니티의 해체 등을 발생시키면서 도시재생의 필요성이 대두되었다. 이러한 배경 하에서 지역자원을 적극 활용하는 문화적 ·관광형 도시재생사업과 함께 지역의 새로운 성장동력으로 ‘체류형 관광’이 부상하였다. 체류형 관광활성화 방안으로 여러 지자체들은 도시재생사업과 연계한 게스트하우스를 건립하기 시작하였다. 이러한 배경 아래 제천시는 도시재생사업을 통해 3개소의 게스트하우스를 건립하였다. 게스트하우스가 소재한 지역은 도시재생사업이 종료된 지역으로 도시재생사업의 성과를 유지할 방안이 필요하다. 따라서 본 연구에서는 도시재생사업 종료지의 지속가능한 관리방안을 위해 숙박시설의 관리·운영방안을 제시하고자 한다. 본 연구의 대상지인 제천시는 과거 탄광산업의로 발전한 도시로, 폐광장려 정책 이후 지역쇠퇴가 가속화되기 시작하였다. 제천시는 원도심을 재건하기 위하여 다양한 정책을 펼쳤으나 소기의 성과를 달성하지 못하고 2016년부터 도시재생사업을 통하여 원도심 재건에 힘쓰고 있다. 제천시는 2018년부터 도시 성장동력으로 체류형 관광을 선정하였으며, 도시재생사업과 연계하여 관광콘텐츠와 관광인프라 확보에 주력하고 있다. 이와 같은 도시활성화 정책 하에 도시재생사업과 연계하여 게스트하우스 3개소를 건립하였으나, 아직 이를 운영하고 관리하는 정책은 미흡하다고 할 수 있다. 따라서 본 연구에서는 지속가능한 도시재생을 위하여 숙박시설의 관리 운영방안을 제시하고자 한다. 이를 위해 문헌연구와 실증연구를 병행하여 실시하였다. 문헌연구를 통하여 원도심 재생방안과 숙박시설 확충방안 등을 연구하였으며, 제천시의 현황조사와 분석을 통하여 제천시에 향후 확충 가능한 숙박시설 도출하였다. 실증연구로는 타지자체 사례를 통하여 관리운영방안을 도출하고자 하였으며, 제천시의 도시재생연계 게스트하우스 운영자 면담을 통해 현행 게스트하우스의 운영특성과 향후 도시재생활성화의 기여도를 조사하였다. 연구의 결과는 다음과 같다. 분석 결과 원도심 도시재생사업의 한 부문으로 원도심 교육·의료·문화 거점공간 조성을 추진전략으로 세우고 있었다. 제천시 도심권 관광자원은 미흡했으나, 최근 제천시의 적극적인 도심권 체류형 관광 정책으로 향후 도심권 인구유입이 증대할 것으로 기대된다. 하지만 기존 청풍권역을 중심으로 관광콘텐츠와 인프라가 발달한 제천시의 도심권 내에는 여행객을 위한 숙박시설이 열악한 수준인 것으로 파악되었다. 향후 도심권 관광객 증가를 대비하여 선제적으로 숙박시설 확충 대책이 필요하다고 할 수 있다. 타 지자체의 도시재생을 통한 숙박시설 운영현황을 분석한 결과 시 직영으로 운영하고 있는 공주 하숙마을의 경우 주변 상권과의 충돌을 방지하기 위하여 다소 높은 가격 형성과 조식 미제공, 부족한 공용공간 등으로 적자를 면치 못하는 것으로 나타났다. 태백시의 통리 게스트하우스는 지역 유일의 게스트하우스로 지역주민들을 위한 평생교육원의 역할, 게스트하우스와 연계한 도심권 효소찜질카페를 통하여 도심권에 인구 유입 요소로 활용하며, 지역 커뮤니티시설의 역할을 다하고 있었다. 제천시의 경우 다양한 편의시설과 부대시설, 저렴한 가격으로 외부 관광객을 유인하고 있으나 지역주민의 커뮤니티시설로서의 역할은 부족한 것으로 나타났다. 따라서 지역재생의 소임을 다하기 위해서 지역주민을 위한 교육프로그램 제공 , 자체 수익창출 프로그램 조성이 필요할 것으로 사료된다. 향후 증가하는 도심권 관광객을 위한 숙박시설을 선제적으로 확충하기 위한 방안으로 두 가지를 제안하였다. 이를 위해 신규 도시재생 연관 숙박시설 건립을 위해, 학령인구감소로 인한 지역경제 쇠퇴를 방지하기 위한 지역대학 근처 원룸 및 다가구주택 활용방안, 기존 자원을 활용하기 위한 노후 모텔 및 여관 리모델링 시설개선을 통하여 여행객을 위한 숙박시설로의 변경을 제안하였다. 지속가능한 숙박시설 운영을 위해 방안으로 법·제도적 정비와 근거조건을 마련하기 위해 조례 제정의 필요성, 교육을 통한 효과적인 숙박시설 운영과 주민참여 확대를 위한 마을기업 설립을 제안하고자 하였다. 특히, 마을기업은 지역성을 강조하며, 지역 내 일자리를 창출하는 효과가 있어, 도시민박 관련 마을기업의 도입이 지역활성화를 위하여 중요한 역할을 할 수 있을 것이다. 또 체류형 관광 프로그램으로 대표되는 일주일 살기 프로그램과 연계하여 게스트하우스의 수익창츨 도모와 가동률을 높이는 방안을 제시하였다. 본 연구는 지방중소도시 중 제천시에 한정했다는 점, 그리고 개관하여 운영기간이 매우 짧은 사례를 대상으로 했다는 점에서 연구의 한계가 있다. 향후 후속 연구에서는 대도시와 중소도시의 숙박시설 특성 비교가 필요할 것으로 보이며, 숙박시설 이용객에 대한 만족도 조사와 재방문의사 조사가 필요할 것으로 보인다. 또한 실제 지역활성화에 미치는 기여정도를 파악할 수 있는 정량적 연구가 필요하다고 하겠다. 하지만 본 연구는 도시재생사업 종료지의 도시재생 공동이용시설인 게스트하우스를 활용하여 도시재생사업의 지속가능한 관리방안과 사업성과를 유지할 수 있는 방안을 제시하였다는 점에서 의의가 있다.

An Analysis of Financial and Physical Incentives on Urban Regeneration Projects in the Metropolitan Area of Japan : Focusing on Kawasaki Station Urban Regeneration Cases

권구황 서울시립대학교 대학원 2009 국내석사

Even though Japan had been experiencing dramatic growth in its economy by the late 1980s, they also had to face striking economic recession over the whole country after the bubble of Japanese economy started busting. Both their prices of houses on the market and the price index of stocks fell remorselessly and never seemed to bottom out. From that time for ten years, Japan experienced long-term recession called as “lost ten years." To overcome this, Japan had driven many policies, and one of them called as “urban regeneration” started in 2001 when the Ministry of Koizumi Junichiro took the office. It was true that Japanese urban regeneration was devised to pull its economy in booming stage again. And by regenerating cities Japan could get not only economic vigor but also perfectly new cities considered to have more competitiveness now. Without vitality of private sector, urban regeneration project cannot fulfill the creativity and show their ideas to the public. Historical events also show that funds and ideas of the private are one of the most critical factors which can lead a project to more successful development. In this aspect, Japan is well known for giving various incentives on urban regeneration cases to generate private companies' participation. This paper aimed at both analyzing the strategies of urban regeneration in Japan through case study and drawing the implication suitable to Korea. By taking a closer look to the Kawasaki Station’s two urban regeneration cases : Lazona Kawasaki Project and Muza Kawasaki Project, this study focused on the incentives the private and public developers could get. In the cases, there were a few incentives the developers took advantage of. First, they took physical incentives which helped the developers change the former land use, so that they could use the land in more effective and efficient way. Given that the changes into large commercial area help the local government revitalize their regional economy and renew the district, this can be an effective way of using demolished industrial plant. Second, giving financial incentives to the regeneration projects also helped the private be a part of the regeneration project. Especially, unique scheme like urban regeneration fund made the developer have easy access to fund-raising from commercial banks and private sectors Third, a long term and comprehensive plan made the two projects better developed. Making detailed plan and discipline on redevelopment as well as giving more opportunity to participate in regeneration cases led to more effective and efficient land use and convenient way of life for citizens. However, in that each incentive system has its own strength and weakness, more complicated studies would be needed to understand the Japanese urban regeneration and to apply the incentive system into Korea. 패전 이후 일본은 1980년대 후반까지의 급속한 경제성장을 통해 초 일류국가로서의 기틀을 마련하였지만 1990년대 초반의 거품경제의 붕괴 이후로 10년 동안 경기침체를 경험하였고, 이 시기동안 부동산뿐만 아니라 주식시장 역시 붕괴되었다. 이러한 거품경제의 붕괴를 극복하기 위하여 일본정부는 다양한 시도를 해 왔고, 그 일환으로써 2001년 고이즈미 내각 당시 도시재생본부를 발족하고 도시재생을 실현하기 위한 정책을 실시해오고 있다. 이를 통해 일본정부는 경기활성화와 동시에 도심공간의 재활성화라는 두 가지의 목표를 달성하기 위해 노력하고 있다. 도시재생과 같이 막대한 자금이 필요한 사업에 있어서 공공의 자금만을 가지고 사업을 추진하기에는 큰 위험과 무리가 따르고 있기 때문에 민간의 활력과 자금을 확보하는 것이 무엇보다 중요하다고 할 수 있을 것이다. 이러한 측면에서 일본은 민간과 공공의 사업참여를 유도하기 위한 다양한 인센티브를 마련함으로써 도시재생을 원활히 추진하기 위해 노력하고 있다. 이에 본 연구는 일본의 도시재생정책의 추진배경과 의의를 보다 구체적으로 살펴보고, 도시재생을 유도하기 위한 다양한 지원제도를 살펴보기 위해, 사례지역을 선정하여 인센티브를 분석함으로써 시사점을 찾고자 하는데 있다. 구체적인 인센티브 및 시사점은 다음과 같다. 첫째, 용도변경의 허가를 통해 공장이전적지 및 저·미이용지의 효율적 활용을 도모하였다. 특히 호리가와쵸공장부지의 경우 공장이전적지를 대규모 상업공간으로 변화시킴으로써 지역경제에 큰 파급효과를 미치고 있었다. 한국의 경우, 공장이전적지의 용도전환에 있어서 녹지위주의 변환 혹은 주상복합의 개발을 통해 주거위주의 개발이 이뤄져왔다는 점에서 본 사례는 의의가 크다고 할 수 있다. 둘째, 도시재생사업의 원활한 사업자금을 확보하기 위해 민간도시개발기구와 일본정책투자은행의 도시재생펀드를 활용하고 있는데, 본 사례는 일본정책투자은행과 미즈호 은행이 공동 투자한 도시재생펀드를 통해 후순위 채권에 자금이 투입되면서 사업이 보다 원활히 진행될 수 있었다는 특징이 있다. 이러한 공공과 민간의 펀드를 바탕으로 한 도시재생사업의 투자는 종래 행해지고 있는 다른 자금조달 방식과 차이점을 보인다는 점에서 의의가 클 것이다. 셋째, 일본의 경우 도시재생을 촉진하기 위해 도시재생긴급정비지역의 지정을 통해 사업의 추진을 돕고 있다. 하지만 하나의 제도를 바탕으로 도시재생사업이 진행되는 것이 아니라, 다른 다양한 정책들의 유기적 지원을 통해 도시재생을 보다 빠르고 강력하게 추진하면서도, 종합적인 규제의 틀을 마련하여 체계적인 개발이 될 수 있도록 하고 있다. 그렇지만 이러한 인센티브 역시 각각의 장·단점을 지니고 있으며 이를 분석하기 위해서는 보다 많은 연구가 진행되어야 할 것이다. 특히 본 연구가 선택한 사업의 경우 다양한 제도가 중첩되어 적용되고 있고, 사례지역의 수 역시 두 개로 한정되어 있어 일본의 도시재생정책의 대표적인 사례라고 단정 짓기 어려우며, 사례지역에 적용된 제도적 수법을 살펴보았을 뿐 이로 인한 경제적 파급효과 및 그 결과에 대해서는 다루지 못했다는 연구의 한계를 지니고 있다. 따라서 일본이 부동산 및 경제의 버블 붕괴이후 극복의 방법으로 제시한 도시재생사업을 보다 구체적으로 연구하고, 그 파급효과를 바탕으로 한국에의 시사점을 도출할 수 있는 연구가 지속적으로 이뤄지기를 바란다.

공간스토리텔링 기반 문화재생 공간의 장소성(Placeness) 형성요인 분석

박가윤 중앙대학교 예술대학원 2020 국내석사

문화가 강조되는 창조시대에 들어서면서 다양한 콘텐츠 산업이 급속도로 발전하고 있다. 정부와 지자체 단위에서도 문화와 결합한 지역 콘텐츠에 관심을 가지고 적극적인 정책 지원이 이루어지고 있으며, 문화를 기반으로 한 도시재생이 활발히 진행되고 있다. 그러나 보다 효율적이고 효과적인 지속가능한 문화 재생 프로젝트가 추진되어야 한다는 필요성이 대두되고 있으며, 이에 다수의 연구자는 문화재생의 중요성으로 장소성을 언급하고 있다. 장소에 적합한 의미를 찾아 부여함으로서 장소는 명확한 의미를 가지게 되고 가치를 생성하게 되므로 다른 장소와 구별되는 차별성을 지니게 된다고 하였다. 본 연구는 이러한 문화재생의 문제점을 인지하고 보다 효율적이고 효과적인 지속가능한 재생의 필요성에서 시작되었다. 문화재생 장소성 형성을 위한 방법으로 현대의 다양한 콘텐츠 산업에서 활발하게 적용되고 있는 스토리텔링을 선택하였다. 스토리텔링은 스토리(story)와 텔링(telling)의 합성어로 말 그대로 '이야기하다'를 의미한다. 또한 스토리텔링이 공간에 적용되는 것을 공간스토리텔링이라고 한다. 이것은 물리적인 공간에 이야기를 부여하여 방문객들에게 이야기와 감정을 전달하고 감각을 일깨우고자 하는 것이다. 따라서 본 연구는 공간스토리텔링을 적용한 문화재생을 분석하고 관련 이론을 탐구하여 장소성 형성요인에 영향을 미치는 중요한 요소를 도출하고자 하는 것을 목적으로 하며, 공간스토리텔링을 기반으로 한 문화재생 공간의 장소성 형성요인 도출을 통하여 문화재생 지속성을 위한 방향을 제시하고자 하였다. 연구 방법으로는 선행연구와 문헌연구조사, 사례분석을 통한 질적연구로 진행되었다. 먼저 선행연구를 통하여 문화재생에서 장소성의 중요성을 확인하였으며, 다음으로 공간스토리텔링과 문화재생, 장소성에 대한 이론을 고찰하였다. 이를 기반으로 장소성 형성요인의 구성요소를 각각 선정하였고, 근거를 제시하기 위하여 선행연구와 문헌연구 자료를 살펴보았으며, 문화재생 사례를 분석하여 근거를 제시하였다. 그리하여 도출된 각각의 요소들을 장소성 형성요인에 대입하여 공간스토리텔링을 기반으로 한 문화재생 공간의 장소성 형성요인에 대해 분석을 하였다. 공간스토리텔링 기반 문화재생 공간의 장소성 형성은 문화재생 구성요소를 장소성 형성요인에 대입하여 물리적·인적·사회적 환경을 구성하고, 구성된 환경을 공간스토리텔링을 통하여 의미를 가진 장소로 구현하는 것이다. 이러한 과정을 통하여 만들어진 장소는 공간스토리텔링의 특성인 체험성, 흥미성, 감성, 이해성, 역사성 등을 띠게 되고, 장소와 인간은 의미를 공유하게 됨으로써 다른 장소와는 구별되는 차별성을 지니게 될 것이다. 최근의 시대는 감성의 시대로 흘러가고 있다. 감성을 담은 콘텐츠의 중요성이 부각되고 있으며 이는 공간에서도 중요시되고 있다. 따라서 다른 공간과 구별되는 차별성을 가지기 위해서는 스토리텔링이 필요하며, 이는 문화재생의 장소성 형성에 중요한 역할을 할 것이다. 이 연구가 문화재생의 지속가능한 발전 방향과 차별성을 지닌 장소를 형성하는 것에 있어서 유의한 영향을 미치는 역할을 할 것을 기대하는 바이다. As we enter the age of creation where culture is emphasized, various content industries are rapidly developing. The government and local governments are also actively supporting local contents combined with culture, and urban regeneration projects based on culture are also actively underway. However, there is a need for a more efficient and effective sustainable cultural regeneration project to be pursued, and therefore many researchers cite the placeness as importance of cultural regeneration. The place has a clear meaning by finding and assigning the right meaning to the place. And it has distinct characteristics from other than other places by creating value. This study was initiated with the aim of recognizing the problems of cultural regeneration and to promote more efficient, effective and sustainable regeneration. Storytelling, which has been actively applied to various modern content industries, was chosen as a way to create a place for cultural regeneration. Storytelling is a compound word of story and telling, literally meaning "story." Also, the application of storytelling to space is called spatial storytelling. This is to give a story to the physical space to convey the story and emotion to visitors and to awaken the senses. Therefore, this study analyzed the cases of cultural regeneration using spatial storytelling and explored the relevant theories, and derive major factors that affect the formation factors of placeness based on them. Also, it was intended to suggest a direction for the sustainability of cultural regeneration by deriving factors for the formation of the spatiality of the space based on space storytelling. Qualitative research was conducted through prior research, literature research, and case analysis. First, we confirmed the importance of placeness in cultural regeneration through prior research, and then discussed the theory of space storytelling, culture regeneration, and placeness. Based on this, the components of the place formation factors were selected, and prior research and literature research materials were reviewed to provide the basis for this, and cases of cultural regeneration were analyzed. Thus, each of the factors derived were substituted for the factors of place formation, and then the factors of spatiality formation of cultural regeneration space were analyzed based on space storytelling. The formation of the placeability of the space for cultural regeneration based on space storytelling is to incorporate the elements of cultural regeneration into the factors of spatiality formation to form a physical, human, and social environment, and to implement the environment as a meaningful place through space storytelling. The places created through this process have the characteristics of space storytelling, such as experience, interest, emotion, understanding, and historicality and places and humans will have distinct differences from other places by sharing meanings. The recent era is flowing into the era of emotion. The importance of emotional content is being emphasized, which is also important in space. Therefore, storytelling is necessary to differentiate a space from other spaces, which is important for the formation of a place for cultural regeneration. It is hoped that this research will play a significant role in forming a place of distinction and direction of sustainable development of cultural regeneration.