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農村改良住宅의 平面構成에 관한 硏究 : 長城郡(長城邑.西參面),光山郡(大村面)을 中心으로
우리나라의 農村住宅은 새마을 運動等으로 農村環境 및 住民意識 構造에 많은 變化를 가져왔다. 聚落構造 改良事業은 傳統的인 農村의 모습과 農村 住宅의 變面形式을 變化시켰으며 政策的으로 住生活의 合理化를 도모하기 위해 "標準型" 모델을 選定하고, 이에 따른 住宅이 많이 建立 되었으나, 基礎的 硏究가 末治한 實情이다. 農村住宅은 地域的인 특성과 장래의 전망이 존중되는 改善事業이 推進되어져야 하고 住宅의 平面構成은 장기적인 生活行態의 變化가 考慮되어져야 하므로 本 硏究는 改良住宅의 住空間을 對象으로 平面構成을 分析 綜合하므로써 今後의 農村改良 住宅 計劃의 基礎資料를 提供하고자 한다. 1) 硏究對象 地域은 光州市 近郊인 湖南 高速道路邊과 光木間 高速化 道路邊에 位置한 3個마을의 264戶중 改良된 住宅 56戶를 抽出하여 家口構成, 耕作面積, 垈地, 建築面積 및 農家所得등의 槪括的인 調査와 住居空間의 利用實態 및 規模등을 調査 分析하였다. 2) 都市近郊의 農村住宅은 都市類型 住宅을 선호하는 傾向이 있으나, 住宅의 規模는 18∼20 坪型이 全體의 68%로 나타 났으며, 垈地의 規模는 150 坪以下가 68%로 나타났다. 3) 房의 機能은 각 個人이 獨立된 生活을 要求하는 傾向이었으며, 建築面積이 增大 할수록 房이 차지하는 面種比率은 점차 反比例하는 現象으로 나타났다. 4) 부엌의 規模는 建築面積에 대한 面積比率이 16.7%로 建築面積이 增大 될수록 부엌이 차지하는 比率은 점차 增加하였으며, 부엌은 취사전용 공간 이외에도 연료의 收納空間으로 활용하고 있으며, 住民의 意識構造 變化에 따라 취사 방법 및 부엌의 改善은 漸進的으로 合理化 되어지고 있다. 5) 마루가 차지하는 比率은 建集面積의 15.8%로 建築面積이 增大되면 마루가 차지하는 比率은 점차 增加 하고 있으나 아직도 협소한 空間으로 分析되었으며, 家事作業空間 및 家族의 단란공간으로 活用될 수 있는 面積이 必要할 것으로 본다. 上記 事項을 考慮해 볼때, 建築面積에 따른 各室이 차지하는 面積比率은 不均衝을 이루고 있다. 따라서 農村改良住宅의 計劃時 農村住宅 本來의 機能을 發揮할 수 있는 平面構成을 導出할 수 있도록 앞으로 더욱 硏究 開發되어야 할 것으로 思料된다. The rural housing of Korea has been changed greatly in farm life environment and farmers' way of thinking by the Saemaul Movement etc. The village structure improved undertaking has made the traditional rural conditions and the plane model of the rural housing change. As the result, "a standard type" model is chosen in a policy to scheme the rationalization of residential life. Many housing after the model of this are built, but the basic study feels not quite satisfied. I am going to present the basic data of the rural improved housing planning in future through analysing and integrating plane space composition covering the residential space of the improved housing in this paper, because the architects have to push forward the rural housing improved undertaking from the point of view paying serious attention to the regional characteristic and the prospect, and the plane space composition of the rural housing has to take change of a long-term living aspects into due consideration 1. The rural housing in the suburbs of urban community is inclined to prefer urbanity housing, and the housing size of 1820 pyong type shows 68% and the residential site size of 150 pyong and less indicates 68%. 2. Room function shows a tendency to seek an individual's independent life and room space in proportion to building area enlargement indicates a phenomenon of inverse proportion. 3. Kitchen space to building area shows 16.7% in proportion to building area enlargement. Kitchen is used to the storing space of fuel except the exclusive use space for cooking, and cooking, and cooking method or improvement of kitchen is rationalized little by little according to the change of the farmers' way of thinking. 4. Floor space ratio shows 15.8% of building area and increases gradually in proportion to building area enlargement, building area enlargement, but even now it is analyzed into a small space. I think that the larger floor space is required for the family affairs and the happy homelife space of family. Judging from the above four facts, space ratio of each room to building area is out of balance. Accordingly, I think that planning the rural improved housing, all the architects have to study and to develop more and more in future so as to make a plane composition displaying the original function of the rural housing.
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地域木手에 의한 농촌주택 平面型에 관한 연구 : 慶北 禮泉 崔薰圭 大木의 造營活動을 중심으로
This paper aims to study the current of carpenter's design idea and the change of the plan on the transition process of a rural community by taking an example of a native carpenter, Choi Hun-Kyu, in Yecheon, Kyongsangbuk-do. He has worked at planning the folk houses peculiar to Yecheon, the overlapping region of dwelling-cultural area, under the traditional society. He was handed down some plans of his works during a period of the transition process in a rural community, between the late 1960's and early 1980's. We can see the flow of the plan making an analysis of his plans. The results are as follow, 1. As a rural community has modernized, his idea has altered by some factors; social structure, family structure, life style, building material, method of construction, heating system, and standard plan. Especially, the Rural Housing standard Plan, which was suggested by the Government during the last 1970's period when the Sae-ma-eul Movement is in force, has greatly influenced his idea. We can prove these factors through the statistical charts of this area. 2. The plans of his works can be identified 4 types; folk type, improved type, standard type, and urban type. According to flow chart of these plans, we can see the change of his idea. It has been developed from the folk type into the urban type, but it has transition type like improved type and standard type. 3. The prototypes of folk type are 'Omaksary', 'Yongnam-type' folk housing, and 'Jungbu-type' folk housing. They are in conformity with unique housing type in this overlapping area of the dwelling-culture. So he can acquire various plan types, embody these with his own talent, then create the new plan types through the mixing process of these. The prototypes of improved type agree with folk type. Standard type comes from the Rural Housing Standard Plan, expecially '15pyong-d' and '18pyong-d', they can be classified two type; moving Anbang to the center, and extending Maru. Extending Maru type can be developed to urban type. 4. On the whole, plan types have a tendency to be transformed into Kyoup-jip(double-row house). However, he had accustomed to Hott-jip (single-row house) formerly, so it may be different to accept Kyoup-jip. As the result of this, there are some transformation. 5. The basic rooms like Anbang, Maru and kitchen have been changed as well. Anbang has come to the front, Maru has been interior space by installation of glass window, and kitchen has moved to the backside. But these changes has not been completed simultaneously.
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農村住宅改良에 對한 住民意識構造에 관한 硏究 : 金海地方 中心으로
최태은 東亞大學校 敎育大學院 1982 국내석사
This research intended to find out some basic data to set up the future planning of farm housing and a standard design drawing by surveying the types of Korean farm housing and rural dwellers' attitudes and opinions in the process of the government farm housing improvement project. This research is based on the question paper obtaine by visiting 280 farm households in Kimhae district. As a result of this, the farm housing improvement project should be stopped in terms of the uniformity of the government Leading type and the project should be in harmony with the tradition and circumstances of Korean farm villiages. The designers should be listen to the dwellers' opinions and shoudl try to creat comfortable rural circumstances by a rational farm housing improvement project in a long-range view.
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