Membership and the first year of college: A comparison of the academic achievements of social sorority and fraternity members who joined during their first year of college and students who never joined

Lake, (William A.) Tony Bowling Green State University 2005 해외박사(DDOD)

소속기관이 구독 중이 아닌 경우 오후 4시부터 익일 오전 9시까지 원문보기가 가능합니다.

The possible effects of involvement in social fraternities and sororities on college students have been debated for nearly as long as these organizations have existed. Both anecdote and conjecture have been common in the printed debate, but little has been done in recent years to study the academic outcomes of the students who have chosen to become involved. After controlling for pre-college academic achievement, this study investigated whether or not there were differences in the career academic outcomes of students who joined a social Greek organization during their first year and students who chose not to affiliate during their entire college career. Data related to nine years worth of incoming cohorts were gathered from institutional records at Bowling Green State University. These records included institutionally predicted grade-point averages, term and cumulative grade-point averages, yearly retention information, term credit hours earned, graduation rates, and time to degree were analyzed. Stratified random samples of non-Greeks were compared to the sample of Greeks described above from each of these nine cohorts yielding several significant and important findings. The results of this study are important for two reasons. The analysis of findings demonstrates that becoming a member of a Greek social organization does not have a deleterious impact on first-year grade point averages, cumulative grade point averages and term credit hours earned. Furthermore, there is a significant benefit in terms of retention and graduation rates for both men and women members compared to non-members. The implications of these findings are synthesized in the final chapter for the improvement of both policies and practices of Greek life at institutions similar to BGSU.

Pulsed-laser deposition and characterization of hetero-paired thin-film gallium arsenide

Erlacher, Artur Bowling Green State University 2005 해외박사(DDOD)

소속기관이 구독 중이 아닌 경우 오후 4시부터 익일 오전 9시까지 원문보기가 가능합니다.

The III-V compound semiconductor gallium arsenide (GaAs) possesses a direct bandgap and a six-fold higher electron mobility than the indirect semiconductor silicon (Si). For that reason GaAs based devices are of particular significance for high-speed digital (mobile phones, radar systems, all-optical switches, etc.) and high-performance optoelectronic applications (high-efficiency solar cells, high-power IR laser diodes, etc.). The state-of-the-art GaAs device production is mainly covered by rather sophisticated and expensive techniques such as molecular beam epitaxy (MBE) and metal organic chemical vapor deposition (MOCVD). This project investigated pulsed-laser deposition (PLD) as a cost effective alternative method to grow thin-film GaAs. In addition, detailed data of electronic and optoelectronic properties of GaAs/Si hetero-structures were obtained. During this dissertation about 110 GaAs thin films have been formed on glass and Si substrates by PLD with different process parameters. The crystal structure and surface properties of the thin films have been analyzed by x-ray diffraction (XRD) and atomic force microscopy (AFM), respectively. Electronic and optoelectronic features of GaAs/Si hetero-structures have been investigated by current-voltage (I-V) characterization and photocurrent (PC) experiments. In addition, theoretical models describing the ablation temperature and the deposited film profile are presented. The experimental results reveal that the sample textures consist of a predominate amorphous portion and (111) oriented crystallites. Furthermore, these features are widely independent of the laser ablation wavelength and do not depend on the substrate surface texture. However, the ablation wavelength influences and varies the formation of clusters on the film surfaces as demonstrated with AFM. Doped GaAs thin films deposited on counter-doped Si substrates exhibit rectifying I-V characteristics. The spectral response data shows that the GaAs/Si hetero-structures have a pronounced dependence on the applied electric field. In conclusion, this dissertation presents the successful formation and characterization of GaAs thin films with low-temperature PLD. The films possess a predominant amorphous texture with imbedded co-existing crystalline portions. Surface texture AFM images reveal different types of clusters that suggest at least three individual photochemical mechanisms are involved in the ablation process. The p- and n-type doping characteristics of the targets were successfully transferred to the thin-film by PLD. GaAs/Si hetero-structures behave like diodes and show a high-sensitivity PC response with a strong dependence on the applied electric field. These facts prove that GaAs PLD has prospects to be used in an industrial style for the production of photodiodes, hybrid multiplexers and photo-imaging arrays.

Sisterspeak: Black and African American women talk about race and racism

Thrower, Leesha Marie Bowling Green State University 2005 해외박사(DDOD)

소속기관이 구독 중이 아닌 경우 오후 4시부터 익일 오전 9시까지 원문보기가 가능합니다.

This study seeks to understand how Black and African American women talk about race and racism. African Americans have had a unique history in the United States. As African Americans were forcibly removed from their native land to provide slave labor, their plight in America began as members of an oppressed community. Discrimination against Black people did not end with the termination of slavery and continued with legal policies established to oppress the community. Consequently, Black people still suffer the economic, political, educational and social impact of slavery in America. Black women, however, have had to contend with not only racial oppression but also oppression as a result of their gender. This makes African American women particularly unique to study as they must constantly negotiate their position as people who experience oppression on multiple levels. Current literature does not adequately address the special situation of African American women in America, and how the intersection of their race and gender affects the ways in which they understand and experience race and racism. This study employed qualitative social scientific methods. Specifically, individual narrative interviews were conducted in addition to follow-up focus groups. The data was audio-taped, transcribed and then analyzed to determine emergent themes concerning how these women identify and understand race and racism in America. Based on the data analysis, four themes were determined. Those four themes are: You're Born Black...You Become African American, (In)visibility of Race, Pride and Prejudice: Joy and Pain of Sisterhood and Natural vs. Naturalized Power. This study suggests that while the women who self-identified as Black or African American do have some sense of a shared experience based on their existence in the United States, ideas about race and racism vary greatly within the community. Several factors that seem to, in some way, account for the diversity among the participants are discussed. Further, the degree to which the women offer various perspectives of race and racism speaks to the often conflicting and confusing attitudes of society regarding how race is identified and what behaviors or attitudes constitute racism.

Narratives of Undergraduate Men About Masculinity and Men's Violence

Colquitt, Keenan Yul, Jr Bowling Green State University ProQuest Dissertati 2020 해외박사(DDOD)

소속기관이 구독 중이 아닌 경우 오후 4시부터 익일 오전 9시까지 원문보기가 가능합니다.

College, specifically undergraduate, men are often described as “drunken, promiscuous… lovers of pornography, sports, and video games who rape women, physically assault each other, [and] vandalize buildings on campus” (Harris & Harper, 2014, p. 10). These behaviors are perceived to be common, even normal, for undergraduate men. The behavior is observable on today’s college campuses and was commonplace at the conception of post secondary institutions in the United States.The research on college men and masculinity primarily focuses on toxic behavior. These studies perpetuate the belief that most college men behave this way, amplify participation in toxic behavior, and undermine most men that do not. I focused on college men who worked to disrupt toxic gender norms that perpetuate men’s violence.I sought to understand how college men defined masculinity by listening to the stories they told of how they learned to define masculinity as children, as adolescents, and as college men involved in anti-violence initiatives. The study also attempted to understand how their definitions of masculinity were shaped and informed by their involvement in these initiatives. In addition, the study considered why some college men were motivated to disrupt toxic gender norms; why they became and remained involved in anti-violence initiatives.This qualitative study was conducted using narrative inquiry and a constructionist paradigm. Josselson (2011) suggested four processes for narrative data analysis: overall reading, re-reading for narratives, re-reading for patterns, and dialoguing the themes. I utilized these steps for data analysis.Participants initially defined their masculinity in concert with traditional masculine norms; ideals they were taught as children. Gender and cultural discourse informed how they defined and performed their masculinities. They also engaged in behavior consistent with dominant gender and social discourse to ascend social hierarchy and gain social status.The participants matured in how they defined their masculine identities and became more inclusive of non-traditional depictions of masculinity in other people. However, they were motivated to be perceived as good men because they believed this would result in social accolades and increased social status. Thus, these men continued to define their masculinity through hegemonic ideologies.

Design and characterization of ruthenium(II) complexes for advanced photonic applications

Kozlov, Denis V Bowling Green State University 2005 해외박사(DDOD)

소속기관이 구독 중이 아닌 경우 오후 4시부터 익일 오전 9시까지 원문보기가 가능합니다.

Polypyridyl ruthenium(II) complexes have found a widespread applicability for a variety of processes and technologies. The unique combination of their physical and chemical properties is valuable for various photon-driven applications. This thesis describes the use of several ruthenium(II) complexes for three diverse areas of photonics research. The first part describes the properties of a series of ruthenium(II) trisbipyridyl complexes with covalently attached conjugated pyrenyl chromophores. The photophysical behavior of these compounds was contrasted with structurally related model systems. The study revealed that the resulting properties of the pyrene containing complexes were dominated by triplet intra-ligand excited states. These complexes possess structured emission spectra at room temperature and have long luminescence lifetimes, characteristics of the triplet nature of the excited states. In the second part, the photoluminescence intensity of the ruthenium(II) trisdiphenylphenanthroline chromophore was modulated photochemically using an organic photochromic material. In the described intermolecular system, good luminescence intensity contrast in addition to the excellent switching performance was achieved. The luminescence intensity switching was described in terms of resonance energy transfer theory enhanced by diffusion. Also, for the first time, the new concept of luminescence lifetime binary discrimination for optical memory data storage was demonstrated. The final chapter illustrates the concept of anti-Stokes delayed fluorescence observed in a metal-organic bichromophore. Upon excitation of the presented compound into the metal-to-ligand charge transfer band, intersystem crossing and energy transfer processes populate the triplet energy level of the appended organic chromophore. Since this triplet has a long lifetime, the efficient mutual annihilation of two organic triplets in fluid solution is possible. This process creates molecules in the excited singlet state that decay radiatively with the emission of a photon, and, moreover, the emitted light is of higher energy than the original excitation light.

Faculty perceptions of undergraduate academic dishonesty

Saddlemire, Marie T Bowling Green State University 2005 해외박사(DDOD)

소속기관이 구독 중이 아닌 경우 오후 4시부터 익일 오전 9시까지 원문보기가 가능합니다.

This study was a qualitative research initiative involving faculty participants from a mid-sized, public university. The faculty shared information about their knowledge of, personal and professional experiences with, and communication about academic dishonesty. Inductive data analysis led to the emergence of four major themes: the definition and nature of academic dishonesty, shaping influences, values and beliefs, and proactive and reactive responses to academic dishonesty. The results indicated that faculty perceptions and decision-making are strongly influenced by their personal value systems. Faculty socialization plays a large role in the faculty understanding of, and response to, issues related to academic dishonesty. Implications for practice were presented, including ways in which faculty may remain authentic while responding consistently to cheating incidents.

Development and validation of a measure of workplace climate for healthy weight maintenance

Sliter, Katherine A Bowling Green State University 2012 해외박사(DDOD)

소속기관이 구독 중이 아닌 경우 오후 4시부터 익일 오전 9시까지 원문보기가 가능합니다.

The obesity epidemic within the United States has resulted in a large and increasing proportion of the American workforce being categorized as overweight. As a result, an increasing amount of research is being conducted to better understand the antecedents and consequences of excess employee weight. One construct often of interest to organizational researchers wishing to understand and influence employee health is organizational climate. Unfortunately, a viable measure of climate as related to employee weight does not currently exist. The purpose of the present study was to remedy this by developing and validating a concise, psychometrically sound measure of climate for healthy weight. A large pool of items was developed based on surveys of full-time employees, and a sorting task was used to eliminate ambiguous items. Next, items were pilot tested by a sample of 338 full-time employees. An initial 3-factor structure was established through exploratory factor analysis, and the set of items was further reduced using reliability analysis and item response theory. Finally, the 14 retained items were completed by a sample of 360 full-time employees, representing 26 different organizations from across the United States. Multilevel modeling indicated that sufficient variance was explained by group membership to conclude that the measure tapping a group-level construct, and confirmatory factor analysis supported the hypothesized model of three subscale factors and an overall climate factor. Validation analyses provided evidence of construct validity. Implications and directions for future research are discussed.

Preaching to the choir: A critical interpretive study of the meanings of diversity

Young, Cory Lynn Bowling Green State University 2001 해외박사(DDOD)

소속기관이 구독 중이 아닌 경우 오후 4시부터 익일 오전 9시까지 원문보기가 가능합니다.

Diversity, an elusive concept in higher education, is difficult to define and put into practice. This one word has produced competing and contradictory interpretations about race, gender, sexual orientation, increasing numbers of minorities, and affirmative action policies, among others. This lack of coherence is a result of colleges and universities treating diversity as a pre-existing idea that they can simply import into their structure and claim to be diverse. That the meaning of diversity is socially constructed through communication and negotiated between members of an organization is an idea yet to be explored, and thus, is the premise for this study. Employing a meaning-centered framework, I chose to investigate the organizational discourses of Bowling Green State University and how meaning was produced and reproduced at various levels (macro/micro and organizational/individual) within the organization and through various organizational structures (i.e., a cultural sensitivity training program required of all incoming graduate students). The methodology was critical and interpretive and combined participant observation with focus group and follow-up interviews. This triangulation allowed me to access the processes by which organizational members at Bowling Green State University made sense of their organizational reality and produced meanings of diversity. In addition, I employed a critical lens to expose where power was exercised and legitimated in each layer of meaning. In this study, diversity emerged from organizational discourses and layers of meaning as something the university has as a commodity, but something that the university cannot manage in terms of organizational members' attitudes. Organizational members' personal experiences, identities, and roles became important factors that influenced how they made sense and produced meaning about diversity. Bowling Green State University is not a diverse campus, but is in the process of altering its image to become the premier learning institution that serves diverse communities. Several participants in this study have provided suggestions for improvement. These are included in the final chapter.

Determining the predictive validity of the New Student Transition Questionnaire at Bowling Green State University (Ohio)

McClure, Molly Blank Bowling Green State University 2005 해외박사(DDOD)

소속기관이 구독 중이 아닌 경우 오후 4시부터 익일 오전 9시까지 원문보기가 가능합니다.

The purpose of this study was to examine the ability of the New Student Transition Questionnaire (NSTQ) factors to predict retention of first-time, full-time, degree-seeking Bowling Green State University (BGSU) students above and beyond the effect of known retention predictors. The study investigated the ability of the NSTQ to predict the retention of first-year students from fall to spring semester and then fall to fall semester. A total of 9,693 first-year students enrolled in English 110, 111 or 112H from BGSU participated in this study in the fall semester for the past four years (2000--2003). The average survey response rate across the four years was 70%. Of the total number of surveys collected, 5,200 provided their personal identification numbers (PIDs) and were included in the data analysis (BGSU, 2003c). The mean HSGPA for participants was 3.12 and the three housing assignments that emerged as known retention predictors include: Chapman, Health Sciences Residential Community (HSRC), and Honors. The gender of participants was a representative sample of the university, 57.9% females and 42.1% males. Race was also representative of the university students with 14% non-Caucasian students. Factor Analysis was used to describe the associations among the 21-item NSTQ statements and logistic regression was run with the known retention predictors and the NSTQ scales. Results of the study indicated that adding the NSTQ scale scores to known retention predictors significantly improved the ability to predict retention.

A Phan-type theorem for orthogonal groups

Roberts, Adam E Bowling Green State University 2005 해외박사(DDOD)

소속기관이 구독 중이 아닌 경우 오후 4시부터 익일 오전 9시까지 원문보기가 가능합니다.

Phan's theorem and the Curtis-Tits' theorem are useful tools in the original proof of the Classification of Finite Simple Groups and the ongoing Gorenstein-Lyons-Solomon revision. Bennett, Gramlich, Hoffman and Shpectorov proved in a series of papers that Phan's theorem and the Curtis-Tits' theorem were results with very geometric proofs. They created a technique to prove these results which was generalized to produce what they called Curtis-Phan-Tits Theory. The present paper applies this technique to the orthogonal groups. A geometry is created on which a particular orthogonal group acts flag-transitively. The geometry is shown to be both connected and then simply connected when the dimension of the orthogonal group is at least five (except when the field is order three). After these facts are established Tits' lemma is used to conclude that the orthogonal group is the universal completion of an interesting amalgam of subgroups that is associated with the geometry. This type of result is useful in the context of identifying a group when there is knowledge of the subgroup structure.