The English ode to 1660 : an essay in literary history

Shafer, Robert Princeton University Press 1918 국내석사

Planting, planning and design : A comparative study of English colonial cities founded in India, North America, and the Caribbean, 1660--1710 (South Carolina, Pennsylvania, Jamaica)

Graham, Diane Shafer University of New York at Binghamton 2001 국내박사

A molecular orbital study of the copper (II) chlorides

Elder, Eleanor Shafer 1969 국내박사

THE CARVING OF AN EMPIRE : NEO-ASSYRIAN MONUMENTS ON THE PERIPHERY (ASSYRIANS, MONUMENTS, STELAE, ROCK RELIEFS)

SHAFER, ANN TAYLOR HARVARD UNIVERSITY 1998 해외박사

An examination of high-performance work skills among manufacturing workers in one Pennsylvania metropolitan statistical area

Shafer, Ronald J The Pennsylvania State University 2005 해외박사(DDOD)

소속기관이 구독 중이 아닌 경우 오후 4시부터 익일 오전 9시까지 원문보기가 가능합니다.

The high-performance model (also known as the high-involvement, flexible, democratic, participative, or high-commitment model) is one workplace re-design innovation being considered by American manufacturers in response to increasingly intense global competition. Front-line workers in such environments assume tasks and responsibilities far different from those performed in a traditional factory. In order for companies to successfully pursue this high-performance option, they must have a workforce qualified in the necessary skills. This study examined the occurrence and distribution of fifteen skills associated with the high-performance/high-involvement model within an existing manufacturing workforce. A worker-centered survey was used to collect the data. The objective was to determine the frequency of the skills within the sample and the distribution of the skills across ten selected variables. Further, the study sought to determine the feasibility of predicting, though the use of logistic regression, which cohorts of workers would be most likely to possess the skills. The skills identified in the study represent an additional skill set beyond the basic employability and job-specific skills required in traditional work environments. This additional layer of skills is termed Level 3 (with basic employability skills being Level 1 and job-specific skills Level 2). Level 3 includes knowledge of such competencies as decision making, problem solving, systems thinking, team skills, and self-directed learning. The concept of the high-performance workplace is an evolving one; many questions about the practices and demands of these settings are being researched and debated. This study investigated concepts relevant of the high-performance workplace and offers an overview of the current status. The findings indicate a high degree of confidence among the 237 respondents in using the Level 3 skills. This degree of confidence was evidenced without regard to the variables of gender, age, educational level, tenure with the current employer, or total years of experience in the workforce. It was likewise unaffected by the company-related variables. When subjected to logistic regression analysis, only three of the variables (education level, experience, and age) were significant. The attempt to assign the cases to membership in either a traditional work skills group or a high-performance work skills group was frustrated by the unexpected homogeneity of the sample. The study provokes additional research questions about the sources of the skills that the workers profess to have, the validity of the knowledge level implied by the responses, and the variables that do allow the desired classification into the groups discussed above.

Movement Kinematic and Electrophysiological Signatures of Sensorimotor Integration in Autism

Shafer, Robin Lynn Vanderbilt University ProQuest Dissertations & The 2019 해외박사(DDOD)

소속기관이 구독 중이 아닌 경우 오후 4시부터 익일 오전 9시까지 원문보기가 가능합니다.

Stereotyped behavior is rhythmic, repetitive movement that is invariant in form. It is common in several neurologic and psychiatric disorders, such as autism spectrum disorders (ASD), where it is considered maladaptive. However, it also occurs early in typical development (TD) where it serves an adaptive function in the development of complex, controlled motor behavior. These manifestations of stereotyped behavior have largely been studied independently of one another under the assumption that they originate from separate neurobiological mechanisms. In this body of work, I propose a conceptual model implicating sensorimotor mechanisms in the phenomenology of adaptive and maladaptive stereotypy, and I test this model empirically in two studies. Study 1 tests the model in TD adults. During this study, participants performed a stimulus-tracking task on a computer in the presence and absence of visual feedback while their motor performance (root mean square error), motor complexity (sample entropy) and sensorimotor neural complexity (multiscale sample entropy of the electroencephalography signal) were measured. Study 2 tests the model in adults with ASD. Adults with ASD and TD performed the stimulus-tracking task. Groups were compared on motor performance, motor complexity, and neural complexity in the presence and absence of visual feedback. Additionally, correlations were run to relate these experimental measures to rates of stereotyped behavior in ASD. Consistent with previous literature, Study 1 indicated that visual feedback improves motor performance and increases motor complexity in TD, Additionally, Study 1 revealed that neural complexity, specifically relating to sensorimotor signals, increases with visual feedback. In Study 2 the ASD group demonstrated greater neural complexity and greater differences between visual feedback conditions than TD individuals, specifically in signals relevant to sensorimotor processing. Motor performance, motor complexity and neural complexity correlated with stereotyped behavior in the ASD group. These findings support the role of sensorimotor integration in the complexity and adaptability of motor behavior in healthy populations and in ASD. Additionally, this work helps to establish a method for deriving both kinematic and electrophysiological "signatures" that provide objective markers of individual differences in sensorimotor function among persons with ASD.

Timing Matters: Information Preference of Care Partners for People with Aphasia After Stroke

Shafer, Jenni S ProQuest Dissertations & Theses The University of 2021 해외박사(DDOD)

소속기관이 구독 중이 아닌 경우 오후 4시부터 익일 오전 9시까지 원문보기가 가능합니다.

From Chlamydomonas reinhardtii to Caenorhabditis elegans: Investigations into the Environmental Regulation of Eukaryotic Cu-Handling Mechanisms

Shafer, Catherine Michelle ProQuest Dissertations & Theses University of Cali 2022 해외박사(DDOD)

소속기관이 구독 중이 아닌 경우 오후 4시부터 익일 오전 9시까지 원문보기가 가능합니다.

This dissertation investigated the environmental factors that contribute to eukaryotic Cu homeostasis. Using a single-celled eukaryote, Chlamydomonas reinhardtii, this work expanded upon the knowledge of Cu uptake transporters (CTRs). The noncanonical CTR3 was found to be periplasmic and, despite validating mutant strains for the protein, was not identified to play any role in the accumulation of Cu in conditions that increased expression of CTR3 with CTR1 and CTR2. However, another soluble factor, glutathione (GSH), was found to contribute to Cu accumulation driven by canonical CTRs during Zn deficiency. However, despite this potential for increased accumulation through CTRs, GSH also consistently protected Chlamydomonas from nonessential Ag toxicity. The two canonical CTRs, CTR1 and CTR2, were further distinguished by their varying affinity for Cu during Cu deficient and Zn deficient conditions Therefore, it was concluded that CTR1 and CTR2 are not redundant because they could not substitute for one another’s function. In subsequent investigations, the use of Caenorhabditis elegans allowed for the study of bacterial Cu-resistance responses within a host-microbe system. These investigations identified increasing bacterial Cu-efflux as an environmental factor contributing to the sensitization of host C. elegans to Cu exposures by changing the spatial localization of metal stress within the adult nematode in a tissue specific manner instead of reducing the overall body burden of the metal exposure. Consequently, C. elegans raised on bacterial lawns with reduced bacterial Cu-efflux capacity, achieved by targeted deletions in the cusRS two component system in Escherichia coli, exhibited 1) increased survival, 2) reduced matricidal hatching, 3) improved growth, and 3) a shifted nuclear metal responsive gene (numr-1) reporter to the posterior of the pharynx where Cu accumulated by bacteria is released by the pharyngeal grinder in response to high environmental Cu stress. These investigations present health implications for the increasing Cu resistance observed in bacterial populations due to increased industry and metal deposition and for the compounding challenges facing transition metal homeostasis in these increasingly manmade environments.

Use of cognitive interview techniques in the development of fruit and vegetable nutrition education for low-income American Indians aged 18--24 years

Shafer, Kimberly J Kansas State University 2005 해외박사(DDOD)

소속기관이 구독 중이 아닌 경우 오후 4시부터 익일 오전 9시까지 원문보기가 가능합니다.

The health status of American Indians (AI) is characterized by high rates of diabetes, heart disease, and obesity. Fruits and vegetables may reduce the risk or prevent development of diabetes, heart disease, and obesity. AI are shown to have low fruit and vegetable intakes and may benefit from fruit and vegetable nutrition education. Little research has been published on the development of nutrition education interventions that are culturally relevant for AI. Dialog with AI is needed to develop culturally appropriate nutrition programs and materials. The purposes of this study were to (1) elicit AI young adults' cognitive reactions to fruit and vegetable nutrition education and (2) formulate recommendations to assist nutrition educators in developing fruit and vegetable nutrition education programs for AI young adults. Cognitive interviews were conducted to elicit AI and non-American Indian (NAI) young adults' cognitive reactions to: (1) stage-based fruit and vegetable newsletters and magazine, (2) fruit and vegetable assessment telephone survey, and (3) recruitment process. Twenty-six AI (15 female) and 12 NAI (8 female) young adults aged 18--24 years participated in the study. Mean body mass index was 30.5 +/- 2.2 (S.E.) for male and 29.9 +/- 1.9 for female AI, and 23.9 +/- 1.3 for NAI males and 20.1 +/- 1.0 for NAI females. AI and NAI young adults were primarily full- or part-time students, lived off-campus, and were in post-action stage of change for fruit intake and pre-action stage of change for vegetable intake. AI preferred group formats and verbal delivery for learning about fruits and vegetables; NAI young adults preferred print materials and the internet. Family was discussed by AI, but not NAI young adults in relation to fruit and vegetable consumption. AI had fewer negative comments about fruit and vegetable newsletters than NAI young adults. Social liberation was a highly used process of change by AI from interview and assessment survey data. Money was suggested for recruiting AI and NAI young adults into research studies. Study findings provide insight into important cultural factors to consider when developing and implementing nutrition education programs for AI audiences.

Wild by Design the Technological Construction of Authenticity, Wilderness, and Nature in America's National Parks, 1860-1945

Shafer, Jonathan M ProQuest Dissertations & Theses Auburn University 2019 해외박사(DDOD)

소속기관이 구독 중이 아닌 경우 오후 4시부터 익일 오전 9시까지 원문보기가 가능합니다.

This dissertation explores the origins of American national park experiences. It explores how several social groups attempted to make the national parks conform to their expectations and desires using political power, financial investments, and democratic advocacy by profiling tourists, government policymakers, business owners who wanted to profit from parks, nature enthusiasts, park rangers, and parks’ former residents. It argues that these groups collectively contributed to a paradigm that defined national parks as unique, wild, natural, unpeopled, profitable, legible, and easily accessible.The dissertation features case studies on Shenandoah and Death Valley National Parks that show the paradigm’s portability. Even though neither of those places was like the national parks created before them, those sites’ supporters succeeded at adding them to the National Park System by physically and rhetorically changing them to fit the park paradigm. The dissertation focuses on these parks because they both entered the national park system in the 1930s, because their staff’s consciously shaped them to be like preexisting national parks, and because both entered the system to accomplish objectives unrelated to natural conservation.This dissertation features archival materials from both parks’ internal archives, the US National Archives and Records Administration, and the auto tourism collection at the Benson Ford Research Center. The evidence shows how a constellation of actors and contemporary circumstances aligned to shape the American National Park System.