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RISS 인기검색어
- 검색키워드
- 저자 : Moni James, Manyange (검색결과 1 건)
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Impact of government policies on horticultural exports : a case study of Kenya from 1996 to 2008
Moni James, Manyange Graduate School of International Studies, Korea Un 2010 국내석사
Exports are crucial to most countries. This is because exports earn the hard currency that is used in effecting balance of payment obligations. However, for poor countries which depend on primary commodity exports the problem is often severe. The earnings from these primary commodity exports are not only unstable but are insignificant in value as compared to the repayments in balance of payments, most of which are related to foreign debt repayments. Over the years, the international prices for primary commodities have been fluctuating. Such occurrences have adverse consequences such as inflation and other adverse macroeconomic effects for the individual country. To avoid such eventualities, the individual country could either increase export earnings and/or buy hard currency from the domestic market. The buying of foreign currencies in the domestic market causes inflation which worsens the situation. In effect, increase of exports is seen as a more steadfast measure of resolving balance of payment problem as well as growing the overall economy. In line with the above-mentioned argument, some primary commodity-exporting African countries have sought to diversify their exports. Past studies have argued for export diversification that is closely aligned to the comparative advantages of these countries- such as horticultural exports. Some of these countries have tried varied approaches in establishing horticultural sectors with different outcomes. Kenya is often singled out as a relative success. Differing contentions have been presented to explain Kenya’s relative success. One view contends that Kenya’s position has been attained through private sector initiatives. On the other hand it has been argued that without government involvement private sector efforts could have achieved little, or nothing. In view of these opposing perspectives, this study sought to discern whether or not government policies had an impact on horticultural exports. An empirical analysis is undertaken and regression results are discussed. On one hand, it was conclusively ascertained that infrastructure and rule of law positively impacted on horticultural exports. On the other, it was discerned that regulatory quality negatively impacted horticultural exports, albeit inconclusively.
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