http://chineseinput.net/에서 pinyin(병음)방식으로 중국어를 변환할 수 있습니다.
변환된 중국어를 복사하여 사용하시면 됩니다.
Lutheran preachers and the third use of the law: A homiletical approach to overcome the impasse
Hannan, Shauna Kay Princeton Theological Seminary 2011 해외박사(DDOD)
Lutheranism remains at an impasse with regard to the "third use" of the law. Despite the clarity with which this pedagogical use of the law appears in the Lutheran Confessions, some deny that God's law functions as a guide for the Christian believer. The concern is that reintroducing law in a pedagogical role after the gospel has been proclaimed undermines the central tenet that we are justified by grace through faith and not by our works. This project proposes a way beyond the impasse as it resituates the debate in the realm of homiletics by moving from the confessional-dogmatic level to the level of reflection on the practice of preaching and thereby into an analysis of sermons. The introductory chapter briefly sets the stage for the second chapter's articulation of the complexity of the history of the debate. The historical study yields five issues which shape one's view on the third use of the law; namely, 1) appropriation of the writings of Martin Luther, 2) subscription to the Lutheran Confessions, 3) attempts to rename the third use of the law, 4) interpretations of the Lutheran tenet, "the law always accuses," and 5) interpretations of the Lutheran tenet that Christians are "simultaneously justified and sinful.". These five issues are employed in chapters three and four as lenses through which to examine the respective homiletical theories of twentieth-century theologians, Gerhard Forde and Herman Stuempfle. Chapters three and four also include an analysis of sermons in order to determine whether the preaching of Forde and Stuempfle provides clues for breaking through the current theological impasse. The analysis of sermons sets the trajectory for the concluding chapter which proposes four ways (confessional, rhetorical, homiletical, and ecclesial) in which this practice-to-theory study has the potential to overcome the impasse. Ultimately, the impasse is impacted by the distinctive methodological moves of the project: placing the debate in the realm of homiletics, attending to actual sermons, and intentionally allowing sermons as artifacts of a ministry practice to affect theoretical convictions.
Kay Thi Hlaing Graduate School of International Studies, Korea Un 2022 국내석사
Using a panel of 45 origin countries and 193 host countries for 1995 to 2012, this paper analyzed that how the Free Trade Agreements effects on FDI differs by the government debt conditions for all countries case and ASEAN countries case. The interaction terms model was employed to test the hypothesis of this study. The free trade agreements that I tested in this paper included the General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade (GATT), Regional Trade Agreement (RTA), Customs Union (CU), Free Trade Agreement (FTA), Economic Integration Agreement (EIA), Partial Scope Agreement (PS), both CU and EIA, both FTA and EIA, Bilateral Investment Treaty (BIT) has been signed, BIT has been ratified, BIT has been terminated, BIT has entered into force. The main finding of this paper is that among free trade agreements, the positive effect of GATT and PS on FDI reduces with the high government debt of the destination countries. A large amount of government debt in destination countries has a significantly negative effect on FDI in all countries case but it does not matter for ASEAN countries’ FDI. Among free trade agreements, although GATT and PS have a favorable significant effect on FDI inflows, the impact of RTA, EIA, FTA and EIA, BIT membership are proved to be insignificant positive effect on FDI. When the country is a member of FTA, and CU and EIA, the effect on inward FDI is found to be negative. In the case of ASEAN countries, PS has a positive significant effect on FDI, while BIT has been entered into force has a positive but less significant effect on FDI. This paper suggests that the government should take into account to set the optimal level of debt when establishing FDI inducements policies.
(The) legal assessment of retention of title clauses : forcusing on comparative evaluation
Kay Mi Ng 한국외국어대학교 대학원 2015 국내박사
The Legal Assessment of Retention of Title Clauses: Focusing on Comparative Evaluation Contracts of sale revolves on the clauses which forms the very foundation to govern the way in which contracting parties deal with the goods concerned and relationship with one another. Retention of title clause has since then been a common contractual clause which sought to retain seller’s ownership over the goods from the buyer until full payment of the contract is made by the buyer will then transferred of ownership be effected. It may seem easy to digest that this device is to protect the seller’s interest by simply retaining the ownership to secure payment of the price. In other words, there is a possibility the effect of retention of title clause is likely to constitute a charge which is void against registration, that is, it had probably encroached into the realm of security interest rather than a mere contractual clause; which the former requires to be registered in order to take effect against competing claims; whilst the latter requires no registration. This matter was deliberated in the infamous case of Romalpa. The issue arise as to the status and the extend of this clause which seeks to enlarge the scope of protection to an unpaid seller (in the event of an insolvent buyer). It simply means, in the ordinary case of an insolvent buyer, if a charge is registered against the insolvent buyer’s asset which is subjected to be lumped into the pool of asset gathered by the trustee/administrator, claims will be distributed according to the priority claims of secured creditors and followed by unsecured creditors. However, with the presence of a retention of title clause, it seems to suggest that seller is likely to claim priority over the rest without having to register when such arrangement was only known to the immediate parties to the contract (i.e. not giving notice to any subsequent, potential parties over the goods). Therefore, this has attracted heaps of debate drawing from various practices in the US (Article 9 Uniform Commercial Code); European (The Draft Commons Framework of Reference) and the Oceanic (Australia and New Zealand’s Personal Property Security Laws) as comparatives and suggestive solution to overcome the problems posed by the uncertainty of retention of title clause.