Hades and Hellenism: Underworlds of the Victorian mythopoeic imagination (Jane Harrison, Charlotte Bronte, George Eliot)

Fiske, Shanyn University of Pennsylvania 2004 해외박사(DDOD)

This dissertation examines the intersection between the rise of the Victorian realist novel and shifting perceptions of the ancient Greek world from the mid-nineteenth century to the beginning of the First World War. The humanistic Hellenism that dominated the early part of the Victorian era focused primarily on literary-linguistic scholarship and helped in the construction of an educationally-privileged male elite. Beginning in the mid-nineteenth century, classical scholars began to adopt a scientific approach to the ancient world that stressed the importance of situating literature within its social and cultural contexts. The development of such research fields as archaeology allowed those without extensive literary-linguistic training in the classics to assume authority and professional credibility. Meanwhile, those outside academia became acquainted with classical scholarship through popular journals, which frequently contributed to debates about the social and intellectual importance of Greek studies. Both these forces helped to dismantle the elitist ideology of humanistic Hellenism and the social structures it supported. My term "mythopoeic imagination" identifies a self-consciously female form of narrative cognition that arose from the democratization of Greek knowledge and that defined itself in opposition to the institutionally-entrenched, masculine tradition of humanistic Hellenism. Instead of promoting classical Greece as a cultural ideal, the mythopoeic imagination envisioned an archaic past inscrutable to modern reason and haunted by a sense of social and personal instability. Alienated from the institutional discourse of humanistic Hellenism largely because they were women, Jane Harrison, Charlotte Bronte, and George Eliot demonstrate mythopoeic imaginations that were born from their sense of intellectual illegitimacy and that became fundamental to their efforts to articulate coherent narratives of their experiences of an age shaped by the breakdown of normative structures and values. In discussing these authors, my focus on the value of not knowing Greek dissociates nineteenth-century Hellenism from the high-cultural contexts in which it has been previously examined. By exposing an interdependency between scholarly innovation and narrative imagination, this dissertation establishes a new context for the study both of Victorian Hellenism and of nineteenth-century popular culture.

A Reflexive Approach to Capability Valuation and Determination in Sustainable Human Development: The 2010 Hillsborough County Transit Referendum

Fiske, Eric James ProQuest Dissertations & Theses University of Sout 2022 해외박사(DDOD)

Sustainable Human Development (SHD), rooted in Amartya Sen’s development theory on the capability approach, envisions achieving sustainable human capabilities at the local and global levels. One major area of contention within this field of research concerns determination and valuation of capabilities. How a community decides which capabilities should be developed is as important as the development itself. Some capability scholars argue that a small group of experts or “philosophers” should make this determination, while others argue that a deliberative democratic process needs to be followed. I seek to reconcile these two positions by introducing a third way of determining and valuing capabilities: the reflexive approach. Using the 2010 Hillsborough County Transit Referendum as my case study, I examine the democratic process through the lens of capability determination and valuation. I find that the political process anticipating the 2010 referendum more closely followed a philosopher’s position process supported by Martha Nussbaum and others. Furthermore, a lack of reflexivity, or capitalizing on the opportunities to reincorporate the public into an otherwise top-down approach, led to the project’s ultimate failure. Partially because of these missed opportunities, important issues facing the referendum were ignored, ultimately contributing to the vote’s defeat. The results are telling for future mass transit proposals in Tampa Bay and other similarly sized metro areas.

Characterization of the Neuronal Networks of the Subiculum and Their Contribution to Epileptiform Activity In Vitro

Fiske, Michael Patrick Northwestern University ProQuest Dissertations & T 2021 해외박사(DDOD)

The exchange of information in the brain is accomplished through sequences of action potentials that result from the integration of local microcircuits. Unraveling the connectivity of the neurons that constitute these microcircuits and how they contribute to network activity is vital for understanding how information is relayed through the brain and how certain diseases arise when these circuits are disrupted. Despite its prominent role as the main output region of the hippocampus, the local microcircuits of the subiculum remain understudied. Much of the work on the subiculum has focused on the excitable properties of the constituent pyramidal neurons, which are typically classified as either burst-spiking or regular firing. However, the regional synaptic connectivity of the region has not been studied in an objective, quantitative way. Additionally, recent evidence from human epileptic tissue has emerged demonstrating that the subiculum can generate certain types of network activity that are closely associated with temporal lobe epilepsy. Closer analysis of subicular pyramidal neurons found changes in expression of the KCC2 transporter in a subset of neurons, a potentially epileptogenic change that might explain the ability of the subiculum to generate epileptiform activity.In this thesis, I have first evaluated the connectivity between pyramidal neurons using an objective classification method. I have found that the pyramidal neurons in this region are connected in a non-random fashion, and the putative synapses mediating these synaptic connections favor the basal dendrites of the post-synaptic neuron. Additionally, this excitatory network is capable of generating epileptiform-like activity when inhibitory signaling is impaired, a potential property that highlights the ictogenic potential of the region. The second half of this thesis is focused on modeling the changes in KCC2 transporter expression in a manner that restricts the changes to the subiculum. When KCC2 activity is inhibited, synchronous bursting events begin that are reminiscent of interictal activity observed in patients and animal models of TLE. These events are pharmacologically similar to interictal events and are originated by parvalbumin interneurons. In summary, my thesis work has enhanced our knowledge of how pyramidal neurons in the subiculum are connected at the level of individual neurons and has corroborated the idea that impaired KCC2 function might be a key epileptogenic step towards the progression of TLE.

Medication Assisted Treatment Enrollment for the Marana Health Center

Fiske, James T ProQuest Dissertations & Theses The University of 2019 해외박사(DDOD)

Purpose: The purpose of this quality improvement project was to present the ASI for adoption as an integral part of the MAT enrollment and assessment protocol at one federally funded healthcare center in Southern Arizona. Background: Deaths related to opioids have reached epidemic proportions in the United States. From 2000 to 2014, the percentage of fatalities related to opioid increased by 200%. Some 4-6% of those who misuse an opioid prescription will become heroin addicts. One treatment model that has worked is the medication-assisted treatment (MAT); it combines FDA approved medications and counseling to treat substance abuse. Treatment requires at least 12 months to be effective. To establish how compliant patients will be to achieve remission, we must determine how severe the patient believes their addiction is and factors affecting treatment. A tool that addresses this is the Addiction Severity Index (ASI).Method: This QI project was a description of the outcome of a change proposal using the PDSA model. The design was a pre-/post-test with an educational intervention followed by a secondary post-test at 30 days. Health Care Providers within a rural clinic Southern Arizona participated in an educational intervention through a one-day in-service followed by a 30-day trial of the ASI. The pre-test was administered prior to the in-service to identify knowledge base. This was followed by the intervention and the first post-test. The second post-test was administered after the 30 days trial implementation to evaluate change. Results: Thirty-eight invitees attended the in-service. Twenty-eight respondents completed the initial post-test (74%). After the 30 days follow-up, 38 people were sent the questionnaire forms based on the previous attendance record, and 13 responded (21%) responded. Results were positive for the ASI tool as useful within the setting. The consensus from the in-service and 30 days follow up is that the ASI is cost-effective and efficient for enhancing MAT treatment. Conclusion: The implementation of the ASI was successful, as evidenced by its current use. ASI is now being used within the clinic for addiction patients. However, without a sustainability strategy, it may not continue to be used as an enrollment tool. .

Numerical studies of constraints and gravitational wave extraction in general relativity

Fiske, David Robert University of Maryland, College Park 2004 해외박사(DDOD)

Within classical physics, general relativity is the theory of gravity. Its equations are non-linear partial differential equations for which relatively few closed form solutions are known. Because of the growing observational need for solutions representing gravitational waves from astrophysically plausible sources, a subfield of general relativity; numerical relativity, has a emerged with the goal of generating numerical solutions to the Einstein equations. This dissertation focuses on two fundamental problems in modern numerical relativity: (1) Creating a theoretical treatment of the constraints in the presence of constraint-violating numerical errors, and (2) Designing and implementing an algorithm to compute the spherical harmonic decomposition of radiation quantities for comparison with observation. On the issue of the constraints, I present a novel and generic procedure for incorporating the constraints into the equations of motion of the theory in a way designed to make the constraint hypersurface an attractor of the evolution. In principle, the prescription generates non-linear corrections for the Einstein equations. The dissertation presents numerical evidence that the correction terms do work in the case of two formulations of the Maxwell equations and two formulations of the linearized Einstein equations. On the issue of radiation extraction, I provide the first in-depth analysis of a novel algorithm, due originally to Misner, for computing spherical harmonic components on a cubic grid. I compute explicitly how the truncation error in the algorithm depends on its various parameters, and I also provide a detailed analysis showing how to implement the method on grids in which explicit symmetries are enforced via boundary conditions. Finally, I verify these error estimates and symmetry arguments with a numerical study using a solution of the linearized Einstein equations known as a Teukolsky wave. The algorithm performs well and the estimates prove true both in simulations run on a uniform grid and in simulations that make use of fixed mesh refinement techniques.

Methods for the Imaging, Analysis, and Display of Layered Media

Fiske, Lionel D Northwestern University ProQuest Dissertations & T 2023 해외박사(DDOD)

This dissertation is a review of three projects I worked on during my time in the Computational Photography Lab at Northwestern University. First, a source separation problem for the X-Ray Fluorescence images of painted works of art is addressed through the incorporation of Hyperspectral Reflectance data. Following this, a discussion of Optical Coherence Tomography and its applications to cultural heritage science is presented. A rigorous analysis of the depth resolved attenuation coefficient in the presence of speckle is performed and a Bayesian model for the signal is derived. Finally, the problem of speckle in fast temporally multiplexed holographic displays is addressed. In this, the impact of quantization on the reconstructed image quality is analyzed and quantization aware optimization methods to reduce speckle are surveyed.

Characterizing Spatiotemporal Trends in Amphibian Abundance Using Latent Variable Models

Fiske, Ian Jeremy North Carolina State University 2012 해외박사(DDOD)

This dissertation investigates methods for analyzing data from a set of common sampling designs for monitoring wildlife populations. This work is motivated by the North American Amphibian Monitoring Program (NAAMP), a large study measuring anuran (frog and toad) calling intensities throughout much of the United States. The calling intensities for individual species are recorded as an ordinal variable based on the number of distinguishable individual callers, presenting unique challenges for data analysis. The primary goal of NAAMP is to use these monitoring data to detect potential trends in the abundance of amphibian species, at either local or regional spatial scales. This dissertation develops two different statistical methods for characterizing spatial and temporal patterns in the NAAMP data. Both methods use latent variables to represent an unobserved abundance process that generates the data. A first method characterizes temporal patterns across the entire spatial domain by applying hidden Markov model smoothing techniques. A second method characterizes spatial variation in trend by developing a geoadditive model (Kammann and Wand, 2003) for the trend coefficient in a proportional odds model. I use the geoadditive model as a computationally efficient method for approximating a spatially varying coefficients model (Gelfand et al., 2003). Thus, these two methods provide complementary approaches for analyzing these data, with the first allowing great flexibility in the temporal model, and the second providing a more complete picture of spatial variation in trend. This dissertation also describes unmarked, a software package for analyzing data from many popular site-based wildlife sampling protocols using the statistical computing environment R (R Development Core Team, 2008). unmarked fits two-level hierarchical models to data from occurrence sampling (MacKenzie et al., 2002), repeated counts (Royle, 2004b), distance sampling (Royle et al., 2004), removal and double-observer sampling (Royle, 2004a), abundance models using occurrence data (Royle and Nichols, 2003), and colonization-extinction models (MacKenzie et al., 2003). unmarked finds the maximum likelihood parameter estimates and provides a suite of tools for model inference including parametric and nonparametric bootstrapping, and confidence intervals.

Pansori and opera : a distinctive differentiation between vocal drama performances

Lauren, Fiske Graduate School of International Studies, Korea Un 2021 국내석사

In the music world, the norms of music theory and musical forms have historically been set by Western ideas and history. This has led to Eastern and non-Western music to be diminished as a result, with these “other” presentations of music often being labeled as “traditional” or identified only by the most equivalent Western style or form available. One such example of this is the qualification of the Korean sung drama pansori as a Korean form of the Western opera. This is problematic as the two forms of music have notable differences. However, by putting pansori in the same category as opera, a distinct and unique part of Korean art is being erased. This thesis will examine how opera is defined in the Western musicological view and will compare the definition of pansori to opera by critically assessing specific descriptive criteria. Despite previous qualifications of pansori as a Korean “form of opera”, this thesis argues that pansori has significant and unique components that would allow for pansori to be categorized on its own and apart from preexisting Western ideas of sung music. These points will show that there are nominal differences between pansori and Western opera in such a way that pansori should not fall under the classification of “opera”, and should also show that the West has so much hegemonic power in terms of the arts and cultural recognition that music suffers as a result and leads to the detriment of non-Western cultures and the ideas of global sharing. The thesis will describe the need for change in how the current world of music study views non-Western types of music and show that the inclusion of both Western and non-Western musical traditions is essential for the continuation of traditional music.

Thomas Jefferson and the first monument of the classical revival in America ..

Kimball, Fiske s.n. 1915 국내석사

홈쇼핑 프로그램의 「의미화(signification)」과정에 관한 연구 : 바르트(R. Barthes)와 피스크(J. Fiske)의 모델을 중심으로

서승희 한국외국어대학교 대학원 2004 국내석사