The Utilization of soybean meal and full-fat soybean as a main source of protein in the diet of yearling carp and carp fry

Ozkok, Ergun 서울대학교 대학원 1997 국내박사

Langzeitstudie nach endoskopischer Polypektomie kolorektaler Adenome mit Karzinom

Kerkloh-Ergun, Helga Univ. Hamburg 1988 국내박사

Contractarianism and coherence with moral judgments: Rawls and Scanlon on theory evaluation (John Rawls, T. M. Scanlon)

Ergun, Burcu Umut University of Pittsburgh 2000 해외박사(DDOD)

This dissertation is an attempt to better understand certain aspects of the theoretical structure of contemporary ‘contractarian’ and/or ‘contractualist’ accounts of morality. I begin by identifying contractarian accounts of morality as <italic>foundational</italic> theories; that is to say, as theories occupying a middle ground between ‘first-order’ and ‘meta’ ethics. I claim that all prominent examples of contemporary contractarianism—to be found, for example, in the works of K. Baier, D. Gauthier, G. R. Grice, G. Harman, J. Mackie, J. Rawls, and T. M. Scanlon—belong to this class of ‘foundational’ theories, unified and defined by the purpose of providing a philosophical account of what it is that makes for moral relevance and moral force. For the remainder of the dissertation, I focus my attention primarily on the last two of the authors named above. I identify Rawls' notion of “reflective equilibrium” as exemplifying a generally “coherentist” conception of the task of moral philosophy, which views moral theory in general, and contractarian theory in particular, as fulfilling at once both a descriptive and a prescriptive function. On the one hand, I put pressure on the idea “reflective equilibrium” can consistently allow existing moral intuitions, judgments and responses to control the evaluation of moral theories. On the other hand, I argue that contractarian methodology has a certain revisionist momentum built in, which sits uncomfortably with “conservative” conceptions of theoretic adequacy. This brings me to Scanlon's “contractualism.” I argue that in his “Contractualism and Utilitarianism,” Scanlon upholds an ideal of moral theorizing according to which theories of the nature and foundations of morality must have critical power vis-à-vis existing moral practices; and that this commitment is in conflict, both in this article and in Scanlon's subsequent <italic>What We Owe to Each Other</italic>, with the determinative role that Scanlon accords to “fit” with phenomenological aspects of “moral experience” in the justification and evaluation of moral theories. Though this dissertation's discussion of the tension between contractarian methodology and the “coherence” approach to moral inquiry is situated particularly in the conceptual landscape underlying the thinking of Rawls and Scanlon, I take it to be of broader significance, both to an understanding of foundational moral theories centrally employing the idealized contract or “rational agreement,” and to the ongoing discussion regarding the proper criteria for theory-evaluation and theory-choice in moral philosophy.

Fat crystallization and mechanism of partial coalescence

Ergun, Roja The University of Wisconsin - Madison 2011 해외박사(DDOD)

Studying the relationships between processing conditions, fat crystallization, and properties of food products enables deeper understanding and improved control of desirable and undesirable product attributes. The first part of this project was to evaluate the effect of slow cooling rates from 0.05 to 0.5°C/min on anhydrous milk fat (AMP) crystallization. An increase in cooling rate from caused an increase in the solid fat content (SFC) and a decrease in the final melting temperature. Slower cooling resulted in formation of larger crystals, whereas faster cooling led to formation of relatively small crystals. The increase in SFC and smaller crystals led to increases in both storage and loss moduli increased as the cooling rate increased from 0.05 to 0.5°C/min generating firmer products. In the second part, crystal partitioning at an oil-water interface was studied as a function of interfacial properties and crystallization rate. The partitioning of crystals was governed competitively by both interfacial properties and the rate of crystallization. Decreasing the interfacial tension between the oil and surfactant solution phase and the contact angle between the oil-crystal-surfactant solution three-phase interface increased the tendency of oil to dewet fat crystals. An increase in crystallization rate increased the instantaneous SFC, causing an increase in the tendency of crystals to be wetted by the oil phase. An empirical adhesion tension-crystallization rate diagram was constructed to predict the conditions under which crystal partitioning at an oil-water interface may occur. The final part studied the mechanism of partial coalescence. Partial coalescence is thought to be caused by an extension of fat crystals through the oil-water interface of one fat droplet, which then penetrates an adjacent fat droplet and causes a clustering effect. In situ observation of emulsion by optical microscopy of droplets undergoing partial coalescence showed no evidence of fat crystal migration to the oil-water interface during partial coalescence. Instead, direct visual evidence of liquid oil initiating partial coalescence was observed. The results indicated that partitioning of crystals at an oil-water interface is not required for partial coalescence to occur. Partial coalescence may be caused by the nucleation of thermally activated holes during temperature cycling.

The Making of an Aesthetic Domain: An Archive of Lived Relations in Postwar Turkish-German Media Initiatives

Ergun, Duygu University of Michigan ProQuest Dissertations & Th 2023 해외박사(DDOD)

After the phenomenon of post-WWII labor migration to West Germany (1955-1973), the 1970s and 1980s saw a prevailing portrayal of immigrant life, often depicted in popular culture and critical literature as being socially and politically excluded, repressed, exploited, and reduced to a mere workforce. This dissertation addresses the persistent public victimization of immigrant communities by introducing a previously rarely researched archive of lived relations within the domain of Turkish-German literature and media. This revelation unveils constitutive and creative activities that unfolded across communities on a daily basis. By focusing on the analysis of four early immigrant-led, self-organized postwar media initiatives, this dissertation argues that these initiatives played a pivotal role in the formation of a fundamentally transnational and multilingual aesthetic domain, urging us to reframe Germany's migration history through the lens of everyday relations.The initiatives explored in this dissertation comprise two television films produced in collaboration between Friedrich W. Zimmermann and Aras Oren, the bilingual publishing houses Dagyeli and Ararat, the bilingual literary journal Anadil, and the cinema association SinemaTurk's film festival, "Tage des Turkischen Films." Individuals engaged in these initiatives, including co-founders, organizers, directors, translators, writers, readers, and viewers, actively participated in publishing, reading, discussing, organizing, exhibiting, and evaluating cultural productions in both Turkish and German. Through this dynamic engagement, they forged new relations, developed aesthetic kinships, and cultivated solidarities in a country of immigration. Moreover, the archival research conducted on these relationship-building activities is a critical intervention that challenges the pervasive perception of migrant workers as isolated during that era. The impact of these initiatives reverberates even today, influencing discussions on critical topics such as immigration, citizenship, integration, and post-migrancy. In essence, the archival work presented in this dissertation accentuates the profound significance of unearthing the activities that shaped and continue to shape communities through the connections they established. These activities encompass their everyday lives and the aesthetic domain in which they navigated challenges, engaged with literature and media, and derived enjoyment from them.

The interactive role of emotions and moral foundations in attitude polarization and strength

Ergun, Damla University of Minnesota 2010 해외박사(DDOD)

Often, the most emotion-laden, divisive issues in politics are those framed in moral terms (e.g., homosexuality). In fact, the emotional reactions people have when they think about abortion or other morally charged issues are qualitatively different from the emotions they report when they think about nonmoral issues such as their artistic preferences (Skitka et al., 2005). Recent research reveals that political liberals may prioritize certain moral principles such as fairness and harm more often than other principles like loyalty, authority, purity, which conservatives may prioritize (Haidt & Graham, 2007). Further, intergroup contexts elicit emotional reactions specific to social and tangible threats in the situation (e.g., economic threats brought on by immigrants may lead to anger). I argue that the socio-political world is an intergroup context where there are competing ideals about right and wrong. These ideals clearly clash with each other when it comes to moral issues. This dissertation investigated how emotions and moral principles interact to influence attitudes and attitude extremity on moral issues. Pilot Study found that participants who find "fairness" concerns relevant to affirmative action tended to support affirmative action, whereas those who think of "purity" as relevant for gay marriage tend to oppose gay marriage. Thus, moral principles may be differentially relevant to different issues. In Study 1, I investigated whether emotional states interact with participants' moral sensitivities to influence their attitude positions. Literature suggests that anger often stems from rights violations and fairness concerns, and disgust results from violations of cultural norms. Study 2 investigated whether exposure to statements violating these principles results in stronger emotions for those who habitually rely on a relevant foundation (anger, in the affirmative action condition, and disgust, in the gay marriage condition). For example, the statement "affirmative action leads to employment of low-quality candidates at the expense of more qualified ones" should lead to anger for a person who relies heavily on fairness. These studies provided overwhelming support for the process tested in Study 1, but not for the meditational process tested in Study 2. The findings are discussed in terms of their implications for the relationship between emotions and morality, as well as for public opinion literature and the psychological processes underlying the partisan debate on morally-infused issues.

Field studies and simulations of corn yield response to nonuniform and deficit irrigation

Dogan, Ergun Kansas State University 2003 해외박사(DDOD)

Three experimental field studies were conducted to evaluate an irrigation catch device (IrriGage), sprinkler irrigation cyclical nonuniformity effects on corn yield, and compare an ET-based irrigation scheduling tool (KanSched) with a crop growth model (CERES-Maize) for reduced irrigation effects on seven corn production sites under south central Kansas environmental conditions. Field studies under three different sprinkler packages (fixed-plate, grooved-disk, FP; spinning plate, SP; and wobbling plate, WP) were conducted to evaluate the measurement accuracy of 10 cm diameter IG10 collectors in south central and north east Kansas. IG10 collectors can accurately measure irrigation depth and uniformity under SP and WP sprinkler packages but not FP sprinkler packages. Under FP sprinkler irrigation packages collectors with 15.2 cm or larger diameter openings should be considered. Fixed-plate sprinklers produce larger droplets that are less susceptible to wind distortion and evaporative losses. One of the major concerns with these sprinkler packages is a cyclical (periodic) nonuniform irrigation pattern. A study was conducted on a coarse textured soil to evaluate the effect of cyclical, nonuniform, deficit (65% of full irrigation) irrigation on corn yield. The low uniformity treatment had a coefficient of uniformity (CU) of 79 while the other two treatments had CU's of 91 and 92. Studies in 1999 and 2000 indicated that FP sprinkler package cyclical, nonuniform irrigation applications did not result in reduced corn yield. Field studies were conducted on 7 corn production sites to evaluate corn yield response to deficit irrigation in south central Kansas. Those data were also used to evaluate the KanSched program. That program was used to mimic the field soil water status and seasonal crop water use under deficit irrigation practices on those sites. Additionally, the CERES-Maize growth crop model was used to simulate crop water use and yield response to deficit irrigation. Overall, deficit irrigation applications reduced yield especially in drier years. The KanSched program irrigation schedule agreed with the field-based net applied irrigation amounts, but under-estimated crop water use compared to CERES-Maize. The CERES-Maize model did not mimic deficit irrigated corn yield in south central Kansas.

Agglomeration economies in Turkish manufacturing industries (productivity)

Dogan, Ergun State University of New York at Binghamton 1995 해외박사