조나단 에드워즈의 "은혜로운 정서" 연구

송준화 호서대학교 대학원 2021 국내박사

The purpose of this thesis is to interpret and understand the “gracious affections” which is emerged in the book, Religious Affections(1746) written by Jonathan Edwards. To scrutinize the above, his religious idea has been conceptualized based on his literature. Edwards’ ancestors were puritans who were armed by the Words of God. So as he grew up, he was influenced by Puritan education and ideas. Influenced by the Puritans, he had looked back on his life in order to offer his entire life to God completely by contemplating the bible in which God’s divine revelation is recorded. He emphasized the faith in personal experience based on the Bible recorded by the word of God. Edwards initiated his theology with the perception that the all human beings are sinners. Since all human beings are sinners, he accentuated the Christ-centered faith, and insisted that sinners can achieve true salvation only through Christ, which is that sinners are able to have complete faith only when they have a spiritual experience that a faith in personal experience. Jonathan Edwards had conceptualized that affection is needed to possess the true faith. According to him, affection is connected with true belief. He asserted that the affection is the gift from God and through the true affection, human beings can reach to the true faith. Affection is the source of human deeds and essential spring to let human beings live their lives. The reason why God gives human beings the affection is to make us truly believe in him and worship him alone with the affection. Edwards suggested twelve affections among true grace when he explained the affection. He claims that the true faith can be achieved by the gracious affections. He also suggests that passion and love toward God can be fulfilled when the love of God is realized. Through this, Edwards argues that all of the Christians should expand the form of God-centered faith based on the faith in personal experience in terms of the church, and expand the form of God-centered faith in terms of the society so as to listen to, learn and practice the word of God. Through this gracious affection, he mentions the needs of God to both unbelievers and believers. Through this study, I really want all Christians to conceptualize the attitude of faith toward the word of God and mature not only doctrinally but spiritually. And through this gracious affections, I hope that the existential parts of God’s works will be dealt with and studied by Christian and unbelievers.

Essays in fiscal centralization and economic development

Edwards, Ronald Alan University of Minnesota 1999 해외박사(DDOD)

In 1400 A.D. China's per-capita output in 1985 dollars was $500 and in 1950 A.D. it was $450 according to estimates by Maddison. In sharp contrast, Western Europe's per-capita output grew from $430 to $4900 over this same period. Why was there such a dramatic difference in economic development between the East and West? In this thesis, a theory of development is proposed that analyzes China's five centuries of economic stagnation. Our hypothesis is that government fiscal institutions played a critical role. In particular, China had a centralized fiscal government arrangement that stifled growth with high effective tax rates while Western Europe had a decentralized fiscal government arrangement where competition across states encouraged growth with low effective tax rates. A centralized fiscal arrangement is characterized by a central government that sets tax policy for all of the regions. A decentralized fiscal arrangement is characterized by a large number of regional governments that set their own respective regional tax rates. There is a mobile factor input that is the key to economic growth. Using an endogenous growth model framework, we consider centralized and decentralized fiscal government arrangements and show that the equilibrium outcomes are different under the two arrangements. In the model environment, under the decentralized fiscal arrangement regional the equilibrium entails low effective tax rates and growth. Under the centralized fiscal arrangement, the brium is characterized by high effective tax rates and stagnation. The key to the different equilibrium outcome lies in a time consistency problem. In the centralized fiscal arrangement, the central government faces a time consistency problem. Under the decentralized fiscal arrangement, regional tax competition acts as a commitment device.

Grassroots Social Action and the National Museum of the American Indian

Edwards, Alison Jane Harvard University ProQuest Dissertations & Theses 2015 해외박사(DDOD)

Museums are educational institutions that, historically, have often reflected dominant-culture biases in their treatment of religious artifacts and human remains from Native societies (Bal, 1996; Bieder, 1986, 1996; Bilosi & Zimmerman, 1997; Bray, 1995; Cornell, 1988; Edwards & Sullivan, 2004). In 1989, the National Museum of the American Indian Act became law after years of sustained activism to protect basic human, cultural and civil rights for Native peoples, including the rights to religious freedom and equal protections for the sanctity of Native graves and Native dead. The Act established the Smithsonian National Museum of the American Indian (NMAI), recognized Native rights to specific categories of sensitive materials, and required Native participation and agency in the new organization, whose mission includes supporting the health and vitality of contemporary Native cultures. This dissertation is a case study of the grassroots social action of Native Americans that uses Charles Vert Willie's theory of grassroots social action to illuminate how and why the grassroots social action of Native Americans was successful in fulfilling the goal to reform museum practice through the enactment of federal law (Willie, Ridini, & Willard, 2008). My overarching research interest is how public educational institutions can transform themselves in response to the legislative demands and court orders for social justice initiated by grassroots population groups. This historic case, examined through the lens of a well-formulated theory and involving the agency of grassroots social action and the transformation of museum policy, is of value and interest to many types of grassroots movements, both in education and in other social systems. In particular, knowledge of what obstacles activists faced and may continue to face, what strategies have successfully been employed to meet these obstacles, and what lessons have been learned by those involved in this unique case, can be of value to others who similarly seek to transform institutions in order to promote civil and human rights.

(A) reappraisal of religious experience in expository preaching in light of Jonathan Edwards's sense of the heart

김지혁 UMI Dissertation Publishing ProQuest LLC 2013 국내박사

DEVELOPMENT OF AN INDIRECT SAMPLER FOR THE ESTIMATION OF DERMAL EXPOSURE TO PESTICIDES IN HOUSEDUST

EDWARDS, RUFUS DAVID RUTGERS THE STATE UNIVERSITY OF NEW JERSEY - NEW B 1999 국내박사

Ultrafast Sources of Intense Radiation

Edwards, Matthew Reid Princeton University ProQuest Dissertations & Thes 2019 해외박사(DDOD)

Exploration at the frontiers of modern physics depends on electromagnetic radiation with almost unimaginable properties. Attosecond pulses freeze the motion of electrons. Petawatt beams accelerate particles to relativistic velocities in femtoseconds. Brilliant x-rays capture the interior structure of proteins. Lasers and laser-like sources of coherent radiation with extreme intensity, wavelength, and pulse duration promise further groundbreaking advances in both fundamental and applied science, yet surpassing current capabilities requires new methods for generating and manipulating high-intensity light. This dissertation presents a series of experimental, computational, and theoretical advances towards the development of plasma-based sources of extreme radiation with a focus on relativistic high-order harmonic generation (HHG) from plasma mirrors for high-energy extreme ultraviolet and x-ray generation and plasma-mediated parametric amplification for high-power lasers. In particular, this work offers the following contributions to laser-plasma interaction physics. A detailed experimental characterization of ultrafast plasma mirror performance over a broad range of parameters provides spectral and spatial measurements of second, third, and fourth harmonic generation for varied intensity and contrast, demonstrates relativistic harmonic generation, and relates high-order harmonic generation to plasma-mirror mechanical stability. Key features of the relativistic HHG spectrum are explained by a model for the synchrotron-like motion of plasma electrons, which includes the dynamics of the electron bunch formation and quantifies the efficiency limits and scaling of the process. Harmonic generation dramatically improves for two-color and multi-color driving beams, with a strong dependence on the exact waveform shape.

Crisis of the Republic: Memory, History, and the Hermeneutics of Citizenship

Edwards, Ross Allen University of Minnesota 2015 해외박사(DDOD)

Examining the work of Sheldon Wolin, I contend that his later analysis of democracy and democratic theory suffers because he loses the notion of democracy as a 'public hermeneutic' that I see as key to his earlier work. Taking my departure from Wolin, I use a range of political theorists to demonstrate how thinking about politics hermeneutically helps us to more effectively confront potential issues of power and domination that are central to politics. Ultimately, by bringing Wolin into conversation with French philosopher Paul Ricoeur, I work to rehabilitate Wolin's hermeneutic concerns and in so doing develop a theory that asserts the centrality of this idea of a public hermeneutic to the functioning of contemporary democracy.

Engaged or frustrated? Disambiguating engagement and frustration in search

Edwards, Ashlee ProQuest Dissertations & Theses The University of 2016 해외박사(DDOD)

One of the primary ways researchers have characterized engagement is by an increase in search actions. Another possibility is that instead of experiencing increased engagement, people who click and query frequently are actually frustrated; several studies have shown that frustration is also characterized by increases in clicking and querying behaviors. This research seeks to illuminate the differences in search behavior between participants who are engaged and frustrated, as well as investigate the effect of task interest on engagement and frustration. To accomplish this, a laboratory experiment was conducted with 40 participants. Participants completed four tasks, and responded to questionnaires that measured their engagement, frustration, and stress. Participants were asked to rank eight topics based on interest, and were given their two most interesting and two least interesting tasks. Poor search result quality was introduced to induce frustration during their most interesting and least interesting tasks. This study found that physiological signals hold some promise for disambiguating engagement and frustration, but this depends on the time frame and manner in which they are examined. Frustrated participants had significantly more skin conductance responses during the task, while engaged participants had greater increases in skin conductance during the first 60 seconds of the task. Significant main and interaction effects for interest and frustration were found for heart rate in the window analysis, indicating that heart rate fluctuations over time can be most effective in distinguishing engagement from frustration. The multilevel modeling of engagement and frustration confirmed this, showing that interest contributed significantly to the model of skin conductance, while frustration contributed significantly to the model of heart rate. This study also found that interest had a significant effect on engagement, while the frustrator effectively created frustration. Frustration also had a significant effect on self-reported stress. Participants exhibited increases in search actions such as clicks and scrolls during periods of both engagement and frustration, but a regression analyses showed that scrolls, clicks on documents, and SERP clicks were most predictive of a frustrating episode. A significant main effect for interest was found for time between queries, indicating that this could be a useful signal of engagement. A model including the physiological signals and search behaviors showed that physiological signals aided in the prediction of engagement and frustration. Findings of this research have provided insight into the utility of physiological signals in distinguishing emotional states as well as provided evidence about the relationship among search actions, engagement and frustration. These findings have also increased our understanding of the role emotions play in search behavior and how information about a searcher's emotional state can be used to improve the search experience.

Atmospheric Water in the Saturated Precipitating Quasi-Geostrophic Equations

Edwards, Thomas ProQuest Dissertations & Theses The University of 2019 해외박사(DDOD)

Water in the atmosphere can exhibit complex phenomena. In this thesis, we investigate some possible behaviors of atmospheric water in the mid-lattitudes. This is done in a saturated setting using the Precipitating Quasi-geopstrophic (PQG) equations. The main results include the following: the scale dependence of atmospheric water on rainfall, the presence and characteristics of Atmospheric Rivers (AR) in PQG, and also the relation between the meridional water flux and rainfall. These results lead to a better understanding of the PQG model in a single phase and also as a precursor for the full PQG model with phase changes.

The Relations Among Mothers' Personality, Parenting Behaviors, and Children's Regulation, Sympathy, and Prosocial Behavior

Edwards, Alison Arizona State University 2015 해외박사(DDOD)

The purpose of this study was to examine whether maternal personality (i.e., Agreeableness and Conscientiousness) predicted maternal positive parenting (i.e., warmth/sensitivity and structure), and whether maternal parenting predicted children's regulation and sympathy and/or prosocial behavior. Additionally, the mediated effect of maternal warmth/sensitivity on the relation between maternal Agreeableness and children's regulation and the mediated effect of maternal structure on the relation between maternal Agreeableness and children's observed sympathy/prosocial behavior were investigated. Maternal personality was measured when children (N = 256 at Time 1) were 18 months old; maternal parenting was assessed when children were 18, 30, and 42 months old; children's regulation and sympathy/prosocial behavior (observed and reported) were assessed when children were 30, 42, and 54 months old. Mothers reported on their personality; maternal warmth/sensitivity was observed; maternal structure was observed and mothers also reported on their use of reasoning; mothers and caregivers rated children's regulation (i.e., effortful control [EC]) and regulation was also observed; mothers and fathers rated children's prosocial behavior; sympathy and prosocial behavior were also observed. In a path analysis, Conscientiousness did not significantly predict maternal warmth/sensitivity or structure at 30 months, whereas Agreeableness marginally predicted maternal warmth/sensitivity at 30 months and significantly predicted maternal structure at 30 months. Maternal warmth/sensitivity at 18 months significantly predicted 30-month EC, and 30-month maternal warmth/sensitivity significantly predicted 42-month EC. Maternal structure at 30 months significantly predicted 42-month observed sympathy/prosocial behavior. Maternal warmth/sensitivity at 42 months significantly predicted 54-month observed sympathy/prosocial behavior and marginally predicted 54-month reported prosocial behavior. Maternal structure and EC did not significantly predict reported prosocial behavior across any time point. EC did not significantly predict observed sympathy/prosocial behavior across any time point and maternal warmth/sensitivity at 18 and 30 months did not predict observed or reported sympathy/prosocial behavior at 30 or 42 months, respectively. Maternal Agreeableness directly predicted 30-month reported prosocial behavior and additional paths suggested possible bidirectional relations between maternal warmth/sensitivity and structure. Mediation analyses were pursued for two indirect relations; however, neither mediated effect was significant. Additional results are presented, and findings (as well as lack thereof) are discussed in terms of extant literature.