Linking invasive plant management, conservation, and restoration on Santa Cruz Island, California

Colvin, Wesley I., III University of California, Santa Cruz 2007 해외공개박사

Invasive species management is expensive. While the precautionary principle advocates a proactive posture towards the eradication of such species, there is little empirical evidence to support this effort. Natural resource managers can not afford to waste financial resources on weed management protocols that promote unanticipated outcomes. By examining fennel (Foeniculum vulgare ) management on Santa Cruz Island, California, from three perspectives, I intend to advocate an ecological framework for weed management. First, a critical discourse analysis (CDA) of the Santa Cruz Island Primary Restoration Plan-Final Environmental Impact Statement revealed that the underlying scientific assumptions and personal bias related to the use of prescribed-fire and aerial herbicide application for fennel management failed to provide hypothesized results. Second, two long-term field studies, The Nature Conservancy's Central Valley Fennel Removal Experiment and the University of California at Santa Cruz's Natural History Field Quarter (NHFQ) Fennel Project, focused on the response of vegetation guilds of introduced and native origin to restoration disturbances that occurred over three and sixteen-year time frames, respectively. These two community ecology approaches followed changes in ecosystem structure and function as a result of different field manipulations to fennel. The NHFQ Fennel Project also evaluated the short- and long-term impacts to ecosystem structure and function by disturbance from feral pig presence and absence. Canonical Correlation Analysis determined that a significant relationship exists between fennel presence and increased soil fertility in the Central Valley of the Island. Weed seed bank analysis determined that fennel seed was still viable in the soil after five years suggesting that prescribed burns do not provide either the temperature intensity or duration required to terminate all fennel seeds in situ. Productivity of fennel declined when left alone for 16 years. Abundance and richness of introduced species increased when fennel was managed. Third, the allelopathic potential of fennel was evaluated against a suite of species from introduced and native origin. It was learned that allelopathic interference was most negative for growth of introduced species with little significance for introduced species germination, and allelopathic interference was most negative for germination of native species with little significance for native species growth.

Cosmogenic radionuclide constraints on active margin coastline uplift and geomorphic rates, Santa Cruz, California, United States of America

Perg, Lesley Anne University of California, Santa Cruz 2001 해외박사(DDOD)

소속기관이 구독 중이 아닌 경우 오후 4시부터 익일 오전 9시까지 원문보기가 가능합니다.

Tracing sediment movement between linked geomorphic systems represents a large challenge for the geomorphic community. In this dissertation I address one such system, the actively uplifting coastline near Santa Cruz, California, in which the generation, storage, and transport of sediment must all be documented. The terrain is characterized by broad flat marine terraces, steep fluvial basins, and narrow discontinuous beaches. I use in-situ cosmogenic radionuclides to constrain the timing and linkages between processes involved in long-term landscape evolution. Cosmogenic radionuclides are used to date surfaces that are hundreds of thousands of years old, and to determine erosion rates and track sediment inputs over timescales that are much longer than historic records. Their longer record integrates over long timespans that both include rare large events and reduce the importance of recent anthropogenic modifications. In this study I demonstrate the use of cosmogenic radionuclides in simultaneously probing the terrace, fluvial and littoral systems along the Santa Cruz coastline. Specifically, I use <super>10</super>Be and <super>26</super>Al concentrations measured in sand-sized quartz to examine rates of sediment production in fluvial basins, to determine beach concentrations from past sea-level highstands and the duration of sediment storage on marine terraces, and to constrain fluvial and cliff-derived sediment inputs to the littoral cell. The cosmogenic radionuclide dates of the five major Santa Cruz terraces correlate to marine oxygen isotope stages 3, 5a, 5c, 5e, and 7. These are considerably younger than suggested in any previous work; the implied uplift rate of 1.1 mm yr<super>−1</super> is correspondingly faster than previously proposed. The cosmogenic radionuclide-derived fluvial erosion rates in the five largest coastal basins are typically around 0.20 to 0.25 mm yr<super>−1</super> and correspond well with the historical record. In the littoral cell, the ratio of fluvial sediment to sediment derived from wave-driven cliff backwearing is roughly equal along the northern coastline, and is about 75% fluvial sediment in Monterey Bay, downdrift from the mouth of the San Lorenzo River. I have therefore demonstrated that cosmogenic radionuclides can be successfully employed to probe issues of large-scale landscape evolution, and should prove of great value in addressing other linked geomorphic systems.

QUANTITATIVE SHORELINE CHANGE ASSESSMENT AND IDENTIFICATION OF EROSION HOTSPOTS IN SANTA CRUZ COUNTY, CALIFORNIA (COASTAL EROSION)

MOORE, LAURA JEAN UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, SANTA CRUZ 1998 해외박사

Edith Sodergran's Modern Virgin: Overcoming Nietzsche and the Gendered Narrator

Mier-Cruz, Benjamin University of California, Berkeley 2013 해외박사(DDOD)

소속기관이 구독 중이 아닌 경우 오후 4시부터 익일 오전 9시까지 원문보기가 가능합니다.

Edith Södergran's Modern Virgin: Overcoming Nietzsche and the Gendered Narrator by Benjamin Mier-Cruz Doctor of Philosophy in Scandinavian Languages & Literatures University of California, Berkeley Professor Linda Haverty Rugg, Chair This dissertation is an interdisciplinary study within a comparative Nordic-Germanic framework that proposes new approaches to reading representations of gender in European literary modernism and philosophy via the works of Finland-Swedish poet Edith Södergran and Friedrich Nietzsche. I posit that Södergran's avant-garde poetry presents feminine, masculine, and androgynous narrators that subvert the function of misogyny in Nietzsche's philosophy, which she had fervently read and incorporated into her writing. Surely, Södergran must have faced obstacles as she confronted Nietzsche's ostensible ad feminam; however, her progressive poetry, I contend, illustrates how Nietzsche's own discourse is constructed by androgynous rhetoric that exhibits paradoxically helpful appropriations of the female body. I therefore suggest that Södergran's reception of Nietzsche ushers in a transvaluation of the "modernist body" that overcomes the cultural body of Man and Woman as she opens up philosophical discourse with the feminine other in Nietzsche's otherwise phallocentric discourse. Using a shared framework of post-structural feminist theory, narratology, and poetry criticism, this dissertation attempts to overturn long-standing interpretations of Nietzsche's philosophy and to revise Södergran's mythologized biography and traditional analyses of her poetry. In chapter one, I attempt to separate Edith Södergran from her romanticized biography and refigure the female writing subject in history in a way that de-emphasizes her glorified, personal afflictions and instead elucidates Södergran's creative efforts to redefine gender. In chapter two, I posit that Södergran's lyrical narrator is not an exclusively female subject but a speaker that is multiple: Södergran's narrators are voiced by female, male, and androgynous bodies; which leads to a type of transgendered experience of narration. Chapter three focuses on Nietzsche's representations of women that I suggest influenced Södergran's writing. I attempt to show that Nietzsche's misogyny is actually a latent discussion of the cultural body that has been constructed and maintained by Western caricatures of femininity and masculinity. In chapter four, I examine the paradoxical representations of women in Also Sprach Zarathustra [Thus Spoke Zarathustra]. I look at what Zarathustra's hyper-masculine rhetoric can mean to a female reader who may be seeking ways to demystify essentialist constructions of sexual difference, and I explore the implications that Zarathustra's prophecy of the Übermensch—an advanced, idealistic human being—has for the human body. In the final chapter, I look at the narratological techniques that Södergran and Nietzsche employ in their poetry. Through a combined narratological and feminist approach, I suggest that Södergran and Nietzsche meticulously construct disruptive archetypes of the cultural body via multi-gendered narrative voices. I argue that Nietzsche and Södergran transcend normative narrative devices and introduce unprecedented post-gendered bodies and voices into the European modernist tradition. Their particular depictions of the post-gendered body thus resonate with contemporary theories and philosophical discussions of sex and gender.

(A)Lan backbone model for the Tarlac college of agriculture

Cruz, Geraldin B Hannam University 2003 국내석사

Choosing a Career in Health Sciences : How High School and Other Factors Influence Men and Women Differently

CRUZ BUTTELER, Natalia Beatriz 이화여자대학교 국제대학원 2019 국내석사

In Peru, even though a higher proportion of women than men are pursuing higher studies, the majority of them are enrolling in lower paying careers than those chosen by men, and are particularly absent from STEM fields. Therefore, it is possible to infer that at least part of the gender wage gap could come, not just from different payment for the exact same work, but rather from the differences in value of the jobs men and women are performing. Based on that assumption, the purpose of this research was to analyze the different internal and external factors that influenced the career choices of male and female students, focusing on those enrolled in Health Science careers, as that is one area of STEM in which women are not severely underrepresented. Particular attention was put on how aspects of their high school education, and other factors such as the people around them, their experiences and their culture may have impacted their career choice. Additionally, students were asked their perception of the quality of education they received during high school as well as whether they perceived any instances of gender bias during that time. Through surveys administered to first year Health Science students from a national university and in-depth interviews with female Health Science professionals, it was found that the major factor of influence on their career choice was their own personal interest on the field or a sense of personal calling. However, it was also possible to identify other external influences such as their family members and their high school education, to varying degrees. Likewise, even though overall they consider their high school education to have been only partially relevant to their future development, they appeared to have been generally pleased with it; especially the female students, particularly with respect to the curriculum and school subjects. Lastly, only very minor instances of gender bias were perceived by respondents during the course of their high school education. 페루에서는 남성에 비해 더 많은 비율의 여성이 높은 학력을 취득하지만, 대부분의 여성들이 남성들에 비하여 낮은 임금수준의 직업군에 종사하고 있다. 특히 STEM (Science, Technology, Engineering, Mathematics) 직군에서는 더욱 그러하다. 따라서 성별간의 임금격차가 단순히 동일한 업무에 종사하면서도 다른 수준의 급여를 받기 때문만이 아니라 종사하는 업무 자체가 다르기 때문에도 발생할 수 있음을 추론할 수 있다. 이러한 가정에 기초하여, 본 논문에서는 STEM 영역, 그 중에서도 여성의 비중이 현저히 낮지 않은 보건과학(의료)분야에 집중하여 여학생들과 남학생들의 직업선택에 영향을 미치는 다양한 내부적 및 외부적 요인을 분석하고자 한다. 특히 중·고등학교시절의 교육 그리고 주변인들로부터의 영향, 개인적 경험, 문화 등의 요소가 직업군을 결정하는데 어떠한 영향을 미치는가에 주목하여 연구를 진행하였다. 더불어, 학생들에게 중·고등학교에서 양질의 교육을 받았는지, 젠더편향적인 교육을 받은 적은 없는지에 관한 설문조사를 실시하였다. 국립대학 보건과학(의료) 전공 1학년 학생들을 대상으로 실시한 설문조사와 현직 보건과학(의료)에 종사하는 여성들을 대상으로 한 심층 인터뷰를 통해, 해당 분야에 대한 흥미 혹은 소명(직업)의식이 직업선택의 주요한 요인임을 알 수 있었다. 그러나 가족 구성원, 중·고등교육과정과 같은 다른 외부적 요인들 또한 직업선택에 영향을 미칠 수 있음을 발견하였다. 비슷한 맥락에서, 설문대상자들은 그들이 받은 고등교육에 대체적으로 만족하였으나, 그러한 교육이 그들의 삶에 실질적으로 큰 영향을 미친다고 생각하지 않았으며, 여학생들에게서 특히 학교 커리큘럼과 수업에 관하여 이러한 영향이 두드러졌다. 마지막으로, 설문 결과에서 중·고등학교시절 젠더편향적인 교육을 받은 학생들은 극히 일부인 것으로 나타났다.

Lactic acid bacteria isolated from kimchi and shrimp(Palaeomon macrodactylus) inhibit the infection of porcine epidemic diarrhea virus in vitro

Cruz, Deu John Mahandi 충남대학교 대학원 2006 국내석사

"Probiotics" 는 장내의 microflora 의 조절에 의해서 사람이나 동물의 건강을 증진시키기 위한 미생물학적 agent 또는 미생물학적 product 의 사용으로 정의되고 면역반응 또는 직접적으로 pathogen 에 작용하는 능력의 증대를 유도할 수 있다. 가장 흔하게 잘 알려져 있는 probiotic microorganism 은 금세기의 낙농업과 다양한 식품에 사용되어져 왔던 유산균(lactic acid bacteria)이다. 이 연구에서 우리는 김치(Korean traditional fermented vegetable)와 한국의 새우 (Paleaomon macrodactylus)에서 분리된 36 lactic acid bacteria(LAB)를 돼지의 장내 질병인 porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (PEDV)에 대한 항 바이러스성 합성물의 분비를 연구하기 위해 screening 하였다. 36 lactic acid bacteria 로부터 얻어낸 배양액으로 microneutralization assay 를 통해 Vero 세포에서의 PEDV 감염억제 능력 실험과 focus reduction neutralization test를 수행하였다. 36 개의 lactic acid bacteria 로부터 얻어진 배양액들은 microneutralization assay 에 의해 테스트 되었고, 19 개의 배양액들이 1/10 희석된 Vero 세포내의 PEDV 의 감염을 억제한다는 것을 보여주었다. 항 PEDV 성향을 보여준 배양액들은 Lactobacillus casei (4), Lactobacillus bifermentans (1), Lactobacillus acidophilus (1), Lactobacillus reuteri (3), Lactobacillus salivarius subsp. salivarius (1), Leuconostoc mesenteroides subsp. cremosis (2), Leuconostoc paramesenteroides (1), Lactococcus lactis (2), Enterococcus faecalis (1), Enterococcus faecium (2)과 두개의 알려지지 않은 strain들로부터 유도되었다. 더 나아가, Focus reduction neutralization 실험에 의해 이들 11 가지 Strain 들로부터의 배양액 분석은 Vero 세포들 내의 PEDV 감염의 억제가 감염성의 바이러스 입자들의 감소(65%~87%)에 의해 이루어짐을 알게해 주었다. 이들 결과들에 기초하여 김치나 한국새우로부터 분리된 유산균내에서 항 PEDV 성 합성물들의 분비가 있음을 설명하였고 이들 항바이러스성 합성물들이 감염성의 바이러스입자들을 줄이고 바이러스에 직접적으로 작용함에 의해 in vitro 내에서 PEDV 감염을 억제시킬 수 있음을 설명하였다. 비록 Mechanism은 알 수 없었지만 항 바이러스성 합성물들에 관한 이전의 연구들에 기초하여, 바이러스 Envelope 파괴를 통해 이러한 작용들이 이루어 질것이라고 생각한다.

Optical analysis of a six-sided prism lens added in a lensmeter

Cruz, Maria Lin C. Dela Graduate School of Paichai University 2006 국내박사

Neutralization of the lensmeter is important in analyzing the status of the object being viewed and it was accomplished by determining the "motion" seen when moving the lens before the eye and finding a lens with opposite motion for neutralization. A well-corrected prism system can be designed by combining appropriate prisms together. The non-aberrational deflections of the parallel homogeneous beams supply wide beams with moderate divergence in the mean plane. A six-sided convex prism lens with six holes is experimentally designed to help improve the performance of a lensmeter.

Demand-side effects on institutionalizing open government policies : evidence from the philippine OGD and FOI initiatives

Cruz, Ruth Angelie B 가톨릭대학교 대학원 2018 국내박사

Abstract: Most of the work in Open Governance research has taken the data-driven, top-down approach – where governments initiate the open data programs and then attempt to engage citizens to interact with government data. This leaves an obvious gap in literature regarding open government initiatives in nations where there is an involved demand-side initiative. Moreover, existing literature mostly focus on developed countries’ initiatives and the barriers they encounter in fulfilling their open government goals. However, investigating the development of OGD in developing countries are also as important because the expected benefits of opening government data— transparency, public participation, and collaboration are very much needed countries such as the Philippines. Using the concept of institutional entrepreneurship, this study shows that a two-way open governance model will be a more effective approach in developing a truly open government. However, this ideal model requires a well-stimulated demand-side within the nation. This social stimulation will come from data scientists, data activists, academics, and the private sector, with the support of international organizations. This reinforces the role of demand-side stakeholders as active participants in promoting open government data, from the beginning of the process, instead of just mere spectators waiting for the government to fully develop an effective OGD infrastructure.

Can action observation facilitate the formation of cognitive structures?

Cruz, Angelita Bautista Keimyung Univ. 2011 국내박사