(The) investigation of Chinese EFL learners’ perceptions on summary writing

하신 韓國外國語大學校 大學院 2020 국내석사

Enhancing reading comprehension ability has been considered a major goal of students‘ language learning. Since reading is a complex cognitive process, it is of great importance to enable students to take active control of their own comprehension process. By taking the importance of reading comprehension processes into account, researchers have begun investigating effective reading comprehension strategies for the purpose of contributing to students‘ comprehension development. In line with this, many researchers have found summarization as a reading strategy plays an important role in enhancing reading comprehension (Baleghizadeh & Babapur, 2011; Cordero-Ponce, 2000; Hooshang & Forouzan, 2014; Małgorzata, 2016; Nasrin, 2013). Thus, this study will integrate summary writing into a reading class of Chinese adult EFL learners to help them comprehend reading texts, and to investigate the participants‘ perception on summary writing. Specifically, this study aims to investigate the participants‘ views on summary writing as a way to learn reading comprehension, as well as obstacles in the implementation of summary writing as a strategy, development of reading comprehension, and changes in student summary writing ability. A total of 5 Chinese adult EFL learners who have been studying or living in Korea participated in this study. The data for this study were gained through the qualitative methods of interviews, as well as reading comprehension tests and summary writing tests. The study reveals that the students had positive perceptions of summary writing instruction and summary writing as a post reading activity, with views that summary writing can be beneficial both for their reading comprehension and general English proficiency. Meanwhile, it is also shown that students faced some difficulties in writing summaries, such as difficulty in understanding resource texts, a lack of vocabulary and grammar knowledge, and paraphrasing skills. In addition, this study also presents that students improved their reading comprehension scores and summary writing skills after the program. The result of the study is expected to give insights for teachers in their research for useful strategies for their teaching and learning activity, especially in reading classes. This study also provides the use of employing summary writing instruction as an effective instructional tool for comprehension and concludes with implication and suggestions for enhancing reading comprehension for EFL learners.

국내 보건대학원 보건정책 전공자 석·박사 학위논문의 연구 경향 분석

하신 고려대학교 보건대학원 2011 국내석사

목적 : 보건정책 전공자 및 전문가들이 연구의 중복을 피하고 필요로 하는 정확한 연구 자료를 얻기 위해 지금까지 수행되지 않은 학위논문의 경향성을 파악, 연구 지표를 제시할 필요성이 있다. 보건정책분야 연구 경향의 기초자료를 제공함과 동시에 보건정책분야 연구자 및 학위 수여를 위해 수학하고 있는 전공자들에게 바람직한 연구 방향을 제시하는데 있다. 방법 : 2003년에서 2010년 사이에 국회도서관에 납본된 보건정책 전공 석·박사 학위논문 원문 575건을 대상으로 선행연구자에 의해 개발된 보건관리연구(HSR) 분류체계를 적용, 연구 경향을 분석하였으며 학위논문의 타이틀(논제)에 사용된 키워드(단어)를 추출, 보건복지백서, 대통령업무보고와의 연관성을 분석하였다. 결과 : 보건정책 전공자의 575건 학위논문은 전체 보건대학원 학위논문 대비 25%를 차지하였고 연도별 비율은 2005년을 기점으로 일시적을 증가하였다. 분류항목과 적용 결과 16개 분류항목 전 영역에 걸쳐 연구가 이루어지고 있었고 6개 대분류 항목에서 논문의 73%가 집중되었다. 연도별 논문수는 6개 항목에서는 지속적 발행 증가 경향을 확인하였으나 10개 분류항목에서는 발견할 수 없었다. 4개 대학에서는 16개 분류항목 전반에 걸쳐 연구가 이루어 졌고 상위 6개 분류항목에 연구가 집중되었다. 575건의 타이틀(논제)을 통해 추출된 키워드(단어) 2,823개의 분석 결과 31개 키워드(단어)가 23%의 점유율을 가졌고 ‘영향요인’, ‘노인’, ‘환자’, ‘영향’, ‘만족도’, ‘관련요인’과 ‘의료이용’이 최다 빈도를 보였다. 이 중 5개 키워드(단어)에서만 연도별 사용 빈도 증가가 관찰되었다. 보건복지부 백서에서 추출한 4개 키워드(단어), ‘고령화’, ‘국민건강보장’, ‘국민안전보장’, ‘저출산’과 대통령연두업무보고에서 추출한 10개의 키워드(단어), ‘고령화’, ‘보건의료산업’, ‘건강보험’, ‘의약분업’, ‘저출산’, ‘장애인’, ‘보험재정’, ‘노인요양보험’, ‘오송생명과학단지’,와 ‘간병서비스’를 2,823개 키워드(단어)와의 일치 및 사용 빈도를 조사한 결과 ‘노인’과 ‘보험재정’에서만 일치 및 다빈도 사용이 관찰되었다. 결론 : 연구대상 학위논문 575건은 보건관리연구(HSR) 분류항목 전 영역에 연구가 이루어지고 있으나 특정 분류항목에 편중되고 있었고 연구자들의 학위논문이 정부의 보건정책 흐름을 반영하고 있음을 확인하지 못하였다. 학위논문 연구자들의 현실 참여적이고 책임 있는 논제 선택 및 연구가 필요하며 정부의 보건정책에 대해 보다 많은 연구가 요구된다. Objectives : In order to avoid study overlap and to find accurate data, we need to study research trends of masters and doctoral theses which no one has studied in Korea and to suggest graduate students studying health policy and researchers for research indicators. The aim of this paper is to offer the preliminary data on research trends of health policy and to suggest graduate students studying health policy and researchers for the advisable direction of research. Methods : 575 masters and doctoral theses on health policy from 2003 to 2010 that selected from a legal deposit National Library in Korea were analyzed with the classification system of health services research (HSR) which were developed by a former researcher. The keywords that were extracted from 575 masters and doctoral theses on health policy from 2003 to 2010 were compared with the White Paper and the beginning-of-the-year task report of the Ministry of Health & Welfare. Results : 575 masters and doctoral theses on health policy hold 25% of masters and doctoral theses articles have increased with time and three main research areas are health from graduate school of public health in Korea. The average annual rate of increase was observed since 2005. The study on 16 items of the classification system of health services research (HSR) was conducted without exception and some studies focused too much on 6 items (73%) of the classification system of HSR. It finds that the annual number of theses showed a rising tendency in 6 categories except 10 categories. At 4 graduate schools in Korea Studies on 16 items of the classification system of HSR have conducted without exception and some studies focused on 6 top rank items. Results of analysis of 2,823 keywords were extracted from the titles of 575 papers showed that 31 keywords hold 23% (641) and 6 words (‘influencing’, ‘old’, ‘patient’, ‘satisfaction’, ‘related factors’ and ‘using medical services’) were top ranked the most frequently used words. It finds that the annual increasing use of words was observed in 5 words of the most frequently used 6 words. Analyzing 4 keywords (‘aging’, ‘national health assure’, ‘national security assure’ and ‘low birth rate’) extracted from the White Paper and 10 keywords (‘aging’, ‘health care industries’, ‘health insurance’, ‘separation of dispensing and prescribing function’, ‘low birth rate’, ‘the disabled’, ‘fund insurance’, ‘Long-Term Care Insurance’, ‘Osong Bio-Health Science Technopolis’ and ‘nursing service’) extracted from the beginning-of-the-year task report with 2,823 keywords were extracted from the titles of 575 papers indicated that ‘old’ and ‘fund insurance’ were used frequently. Conclusion : The conclusions drawn from this study indicated that the study on each item of the classification system of health services research (HSR) was conducted without exception but some studies focused too much on specific items of the classification system of HSR. And the paper found that theses have not reflected the Korean government’s health policy. These findings suggest graduate students studying health policy and researchers should find and study subjects reflecting fields of the government’s health policy and needs of Korean society.

북한의학 학술지와 수록 원문을 통해 본 북한의학 연구의 특성 : 내과를 중심으로

하신 고려대학교 2017 국내박사

Objectives: Through papers and medical journals of North Korea the author identifies the characteristics of the papers and the journals and identifies the characteristics of internal medicine research. Methods: The study subjects are 2,092 papers included in 'Internal Medicine' and 9 kinds of medical journals of North Korea. Research methods are quantitative and qualitative research including literature review. Quantitative research is to extract characteristics through collected the study subjects. Qualitative research is to evaluate the study subjects with evaluation tools created for this study. Results: The North Korean medical journals were securing regularity and there were two publications. Journals did not provide important information internally, including the method of submission. The five journals covered the same subject as the journal title, and the papers of the entire medical subject were also included in the subject field. There were four journals containing several papers related to NCD. Eight journals, excluding one journal, were generally composed of papers with the same article structure. The characteristics of the papers were as follows. The volume of papers were around 2pages. The papers were described in left and right spaces. English was limited to the abstract only. Image use was only 2% of the total, and the photographs were 0.1% of the total. The reference was used in about six or so, not in the text. Most of the papers, except for some, did not provide keywords. At 56% of the whole papers, the purpose of the research was revealed as the North Korean top leaders' teachings. No specific statistical methods or epidemiological indicators were indicated in the papers case-control studies were common in experimental studies. There were no cases in which the results of the research were negative, and none of the references were related to the code of ethics. Gastroenterology was the most studied in 'Internal Medicine'. The number of issuances by year increased from 2008 but was not continuous. Compared with IHME data, the author could confirm ischemic heart disease, COPD, asthma and diabetes. There have been many studies on diseases of stomach and duodenum in gastroenterology, hypertension in cardiology, respiratory infectious diseases in pulmonology, glomerular diseases in nephrology, and diabetes mellitus in endocrinology. The evaluation results of the North Korean medical journals and the papers were not good because it was difficult to confirm the absence of information and the facts of the main information. As a result of the evaluation of papers, the appropriateness of medical knowledge was 43.7%, the freshness was 33.9%, and the originality and research design suitability were evaluated as 36.3% and 33.2%. The overall score of the thesis was 4.31 on average and 2.31 on average Conclusion: The characteristic of North Korean medical research is that it has a unique appearance in North Korea due to isolation and disconnection. It has contributed to the enhancement of the residents' well-being by carrying out the demands of the North Korean government, has been conducting research in a limited environment, and has preserved its unique characteristics. In addition, the North Korean medical journals have been functioning as a space for academic sharing, and it is important that researches related to Koryo medicine continue to be carried out. When exchanges become active or unified, they can be used in important areas such as development of natural substance new drug. The proposal is that research on North Korea needs to maintain an objective perspective, and it cannot be an absolute indicator to explain North Korea through the results of the research. In addition, there is a need to continue research on non-political tendencies related to North Korea. Finally, the academic approach to North Korean medicine should be continued, and it should be prepared so that it can be used as an objective data for establishing the basis for the establishment of the policy through the continuation of the same research as the present study. 목적: 북한 의학의 학문적 성과이며 축적물인 북한의학학술지들과 수록된 원문들을 통해 학술지와 수록 원문의 특성을 파악하고 북한 의학자들의 내과 연구의 특성을 파악한다. 방법: 연구 대상은 북한의학학술지 9종과 ‘내과’에 수록된 원문 2,092편이다. 연구 방법은 문헌고찰을 포함한 양적 연구와 질적 연구이다. 양적 연구는 수집한 북한의학학술지와 해당 원문들을 통해서 양적인 특징을 추출하는 것이며 질적 연구는 북한의학학술지와 내과의 질적 수준과 의료의 질을 평가하기 위한 평가 도구를 제작하여 평가하는 것이다. 결과: 북한의학학술지들은 정규성을 확보하고 있었고 발행처는 2곳이었으며 내부에 투고를 포함한 주요 정보를 제시하여 주지 않고 있었다. 5종이 학술지명과 동일한 주제를 다루고 있었고 특정 주제 분야를 대상으로 하고 있어도 의학 주제 전반의 원문을 수록하고 있었다. NCD와 관련된 원문을 많이 수록하고 있는 학술지는 4종이었다. 학술지 1종을 제외한 8종은 동일한 원문 구조를 가진 원문을 수록하는 것이 일반적이었다. 원문 서술의 특징은 2페이지 내외의 분량을 가지면서 좌우 2단으로 서술하는 방식이었고 영어는 초록에 한해서 제한적으로 사용하는 것을 관찰할 수 있었다. 이미지 사용은 전체 원문대비 2%에 불과하였고 사진은 0.1%이었다. 레퍼런스는 6개 내외로 사용하고 있었고 본문에 표기하지는 않았다. 키워드는 제시하지 않는 것이 일반적이다. 연구 목적은 북한 최고 지도자 교시를 56%에서 밝히고 있었고 통계에 대한 구체적인 방법과 역학지표를 표기하지 않았다. 실험연구에 있어서는 case-control study가 일반적이었다. 연구 결과가 부정적인 경우는 한 건도 없었고 윤리규정과 관련된 언급도 한 건도 없었다. ‘내과’에서 소화기가 가장 많이 연구되고 있었고 실험연구에 있어서는 고려의학과 관련된 연구를 수행한 원문이 많았고 연도별 발행 수는 2008년을 기점으로 증가하나 지속적이지 않았다. IHME의 자료와 비교했을 때 허혈성심장질환, COPD, 천식과 당뇨병 등을 확인할 수 있었다. 소화기에서는 위십이지장 관련 질환이 순환기에서는 고혈압, 호흡기에서는 감염성질환을 많이 연구하고 있었고 신장의 경우 사구체질환, 내분비의 경우 당뇨병 연구가 많이 수행되었다. 북한의학학술지와 수록 원문의 평가 결과 평가를 위한 정보 부재 및 객관적 사실 확인이 어려운 부분이 있어 결과를 통한 긍정적 고찰은 어려운 부분이 있었다. 원문의 경우 의학지식 적절성은 43.7%, 최신성은 33.9%, 독창성과 연구 설계 적합성은 36.3%와 33.2%가 적합하다고 평가되었으며 논문의 전반적인 점수는 4점 만점에 평균값이 2.31이었다. 결론: 북한의학 연구의 특성은 단절과 고립에 따라 북한 고유의 모습을 가지고 있다는 것이다. 또한 북한 정부가 요구하는 것을 충실히 수행하며 주민의 건장증진에 이바지하였고 제한된 환경에서 지속적으로 연구를 수행하여왔으며 북한만의 특수성을 잘 보존하여왔다고 판단된다. 또한 북한의학학술지는 제한적이나마 학술공유의 공간으로 기능을 수행하여왔으며 고려의학와 관련된 연구가 지속적으로 진행되어온 것은 중요한 의미를 가진다고 하겠다. 이는 후일 교류가 활발해지거나 통일이 되었을 때 천연물신약 개발과 같은 부분에서 중요하게 활용될 수 있을 것으로 보인다. 제언은 북한을 대상으로 하는 연구는 객관적 시각을 유지해야할 필요가 있다는 것이며 도출된 연구결과가 북한을 설명하는 절대적 지표가 될 수 없다는 것이다. 더불어 북한과 관련된 비정치적 성향의 연구가 지속되어야할 필요가 있다. 마지막으로 북한 의학에 대한 학문적 접근을 게을리 해서는 안 될 것이며 본 연구와 같은 연구의 지속을 통해 북한의 실상을 파악할 수 있는 근거를 확보, 정책 수립을 위한 객관적 자료로 활용할 수 있도록 준비해야 할 것이다.