만성 발목불안정성 환자의 변형된 Brostrom 수술후 Anti-gravity treadmill을 이용한 가속 재활운동이 발목관절 기능회복에 미치는 영향

최인혁 단국대학교 스포츠과학대학원 2019 국내석사

(국문 요약) 만성발목불안정성 환자의 변형된 Brostrom 수술 후 Anti-gravity treadmill을 이용한 가속 재활운동이 발목관절 기능 회복에 미치는 영향 단국대학교 스포츠과학대학원 스포츠의학과 스포츠재활전공 제 출 자 : 최인혁 지도교수 : 장석암 이 연구의 목적은 만성발목불안정성 환자의 변형된 Brostrom 수술 후, 6주간의 Anti-gravity treadmill을 이용한 가속재활운동이 발목 관절의 통증지수, 발목 관절가동범위, 등속성 근기능, 동적 안정성에 어떠한 영향을 미치는지에 대하여 구명하고자 실시되었다. 연구대상자는 만성발목불안정성에 의해 변형된 Brostrom 수술을 받은 환자 12명을 대상으로 하였으며, 6주간의 Anti-gravity treadmill을 이용한 가속재활운동 프로그램은 매일 60분씩 실시되었고 Anti-gravity treadmill 프로그램 또한 매일 15~30분간 실시되었다. 수집된 모든 자료는 SPSS 22.0 버전을 이용하여 평균과 표준오차를 산출하였으며 재활운동 프로그램 적용 전·후의 효과를 검증하기 위하여 대응표본 t-test(paired t-test)를 사용하였다. 유의수준은 α=.05로 설정하였다. 이 실험에서의 결과는 다음과 같다. 1. 6주간의 Anti-gravity treadmill을 이용한 가속재활운동 프로그램 적용 후, 시각적 사상척도(VSA)를 이용한 주관적 통증지수는 가속재활운동 프로그램 적용 전보다 유의하게 감소한 것으로 나타났다(p<.001). 2. 6주간의 Anti-gravity treadmill을 이용한 가속재활운동 프로그램 적용 후, 발목 관절가동범위는 가속재활운동 프로그램 적용 전보다 배측 굴곡과 저측 굴곡, 내번, 외번 모두에서 유의하게 증가한 것으로 나타났다(p<.05). 3. 6주간의 Anti-gravity treadmill을 이용한 가속재활운동 프로그램 적용 후, 60°/sec (p<.001, p<.01)와 180°/sec(p<.001)의 내반력과 외반력은 가속재활운동 프로그램 적용 전보다 모두 유의하게 증가하였으며 건측에 대한 환측의 근결손율 변화에서는 60°/sec(p<.01, p<.001)의 내반력과 외반력, 180°/sec(p<.01)의 내반력은 가속재활운동 프로그램 적용 후, 유의하게 감소하였으나 180°/sec의 외반력은 감소하는 경향을 보였지만 통계적으로 유의한 차이를 나타내지 않았다. 4. 6주간의 Anti-gravity treadmill을 이용한 가속재활운동 프로그램 적용 후, 동적 안정성은 가속재활운동 프로그램 적용 전보다 유의하게 증가한 것으로 나타났다(p<.001). 이상의 결과에서, 6주간의 Anti-gravity treadmill을 이용한 가속재활운동 프로그램이 발목불안정성에 의한 변형된 Brostrom 수술을 받은 환자들의 통증과 관절가동범위, 근기능, 동정 안정성에 모두 긍정적인 효과가 있는 것으로 생각된다. 따라서 Anti-gravity treadmill을 이용한 가속재활운동 프로그램은 기존의 전통적 재활운동 프로그램 보다 더 빠르고 안전하게 발목의 안정성회복과 스포츠 현장 및 일상생활로 복귀할 수 있게 하는 효과가 있을 것으로 사료된다. (Abstract) Effect of Accelerated Rehabilitation with Anti-Gravity Treadmill Exercise on Ankle Joint Function After Surgery of Modified Brostrom Operation in Chronic Ankle Instability Patients In-Hyuk Choi Department of Sports Medicine Graduate School of Sports Science Dankook University Advisor : Professor Suk-Am Zhang The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of 6 weeks’ accelerated rehabilitation with anti-gravity treadmill exercise on VAS, ROM, isokinetic myofunction, and dynamic stability after surgery of modified brostrom operation in chronic ankle instability patients. The subjects of this study were 12 chronic ankle instability patients who underwent modified Brostrom operation(MBO) by the same doctor. 6 weeks' accelerated rehabilitation program is scheduled to perform for 60min, everyday, and also anti-gravity program performed for 15~30min, everyday. The data analysis including the mean and standard error in this study was carried out paired t-test using SPSS 22.0 version. Significance was established at the level of α=.05. The results of this study were as following : 1. The visual analog scale(VSA) significantly decreased after 6 weeks’ accelerated rehabilitation with anti-gravity treadmill exercise(p<.001). 2. After 6 weeks’ accelerated rehabilitation with anti-gravity treadmill exercise, ROM in all of dorsal flexion, plantar flexion, inversion and eversion significantly increased(p<.05). 3. Both inversion and eversion peak torque at 60°/sec(p<.001, p<.01) and at 180°/sec(p<.001) significantly increased after 6 weeks’ accelerated rehabilitation with anti-gravity treadmill exercise respectively. In muscle defect, although inversion and eversion at 60°/sec(p<.01, p<.001) and inversion at 180°/sec(p<.01) significantly decreased, eversion at 180°/sec tended to decrease but did not change significantly after 6 weeks’ accelerated rehabilitation with anti-gravity treadmill exercise. 4. The dynamic stability significantly increased after 6 weeks’ accelerated rehabilitation with anti-gravity treadmill exercise(p<.001). These results suggest that 6 weeks’ accelerated rehabilitation with anti-gravity treadmill exercise has positive effect of VAS, ROM, isokinetic myofunction, and dynamic stability after surgery of modified brostrom operation in chronic ankle instability patients. Therefore, we consider that the accelerated rehabilitation with anti-gravity treadmill exercise, which is scientific and effectively method, has effect on more faster recovery of ankle stability, play ground and normal daily activities.

후전방두부규격 방사선 사진을 이용한 편측성 측두하악관절장애 환자의 안면 비대칭에 관한 연구

최인혁 연세대학교 대학원 2003 국내석사

하악과두는 하악성장의 주요 부위이다. 최근들어 측두하악관절의 과두-원판 복합체 장애가 하악과두의 성장에 영향을 주거나 과두 관절면의 재형성을 일으켜 안면 하방부의 골격의 비대칭에 영향을 줄 수 있다는 보고가 있다. 이 연구에서는 측두하악관절장애와 안면 비대칭과의 연관성을 규명하기 위해 편측에만 측두하악관절장애가 있는 환자군 50명과 정상군 20명을 대상으로 후전방두부규격 사진상에서 안면 및 하악의 높이, 정중선으로 부터의 하악의 너비, 하악 정중선 편위를 측정하여 안면의 비대칭 정도를 조사하였고 환자군에서 이환측과 비이환측을 비교 연구하여 다음의 결과를 얻었다. 1. 측두하악관절장애 환자군의 안면고경과 하악고경의 비대칭 지수가 정상군 보다 더 큰 것으로 나타났으며(p<0.05) 하악의 너비에서는 두 집단간의 유의성 있는 차이가 나타나지 않았다. 2. 측두하악관절장애 환자군의 하악 정중선 편위가 정상군보다 더 큰 것으로 나타났고(p<0.05), 하악의 정중선은 이환측으로 편위되는 경향을 보였다. 3. 환자군의 이환측과 비이환측의 비교에서 이환측의 안면고경, 하악고경이 비이환측보다 더 작은 것으로 나타났다.(p<0.05) 하지만, 하악의 너비에서는 유의성 있는 차이가 없었다. 위의 연구결과는 정상군보다 편측성 측두하악관절장애 환자에서 안면 비대칭의 정도가 더 크고 , 이환측의 안면 고경과 하악 고경이 짧으며, 하악이 이환측으로 편위됨을 발견할 수 있었다. 따라서 측두하악관절장애 환자의 진단및 치료계획 수립 시 안면 비대칭과의 연관성도 고려하여야 할 것이다. Mandibular condyle is a major site of mandibular growth. Recently it has been reported that condyle-disk complex disorder of temporomandibular joint can influence the growth of condyle and induce facial asymmetry. The goal of this study was to investigate the influence of temporomandibular joint dysfunction on facial asymmetry. Fifty patients with unilateral temporomandibular joint dysfunction and 20 controls were selected. The facial height, mandibular height, mandibular width of both sides, and midline deviation were measured from posteroanterior cephalograms in order to evaluate facial asymmetry. In the patient group, the symptomatic side and the normal side were compared. The results were as the following: 1. The asymmetry indices of facial height and mandibular height of the temporomandibular joint dysfunction patient group were higher than those of control group(p<0.05). But there was no significant difference between the two groups in mandibular width. 2. Mandibular midline deviation of the temporomandibular joint dysfunction patient group was larger than that of the control group(p<0.05) and the mandible showed a tendency to deviate to the symptomatic side. 3. In the patient group, the facial height and mandibular height of symptomatic side were shorter than those of the normal side.(p<0.05) But there was no significant difference in mandibular width between the symptomatic side and the normal side. From the above results, it can be suggested that temporomandibular joint dysfunction patients show greater degree of facial asymmetry than normal subjects, and the facial height and the mandibular height of the symptomatic side are shorter than those of the normal side. In addition, the mandible tends to deviate to the symptomatic side.Therefore, a careful assessment of facial asymmetry is needed in the diagnosis and treatment plan of temporomandibular joint dysfunction patients.

2012 런던올림픽 및 스포츠스타를 통한 스포츠매니지먼트에 관한 대학생들의 인식조사

최인혁 한양대학교 대학원 2014 국내석사

본 연구는 대학생들을 대상으로 스포츠 매니지먼트, 특히 선수매니지먼트에 중점을 두어 대학생들의 스포츠 매니지먼트에 관한 인식을 조사하여 우리나라 스포츠 매니지먼트의 발전 방안을 제시하고, 발전 방향성을 제시하는데 그 목적을 두었다. 본 연구 대상으로는 서울 소재의 대학교에 재학 중인 대학생들을 모집단으로 설정하였다. 조사도구는 질적 설문지를 사용하였다.

딥러닝과 lime 기법을 이용한 IT 직업 분류에 관한 연구

최인혁 계명대학교 2020 국내석사

기술의 발달로 인해 인공신경망 알고리즘을 통해 다양한 비정형 데이터 분석이 가능해졌다. 인공지능의 문제 해결 능력이 뛰어나고 빅데이터를 활용한 효과적인 의사결정으로 많은 수요가 있지만, 알고리즘의 조작 가능성, 의사결정의 편향성 등의 부작용이 발생할 수 있다는 점이 야기되었다. 머신러닝 또는 인공지능의 결과에 대한 해석이 불가능하다는 의미로 블랙박스(Black box)모형 이라는 용어가 등장하였다. 블랙박스 모형의 경우 다른 모형들에 비해 정확도가 뛰어나다 하더라도 의료나 금융 등 신뢰를 기반으로 하는 시스템에는 적용하는 데 어려움이 있다. 블랙박스 모형을 해석하기 위한 연구도 활발하게 진행되어 설명 가능 인공지능(eXplainable Artificial Intelligence, XAI)의 필요성이 대두되었다. 이에 본 연구에서는 딥러닝 알고리즘의 결과를 XAI 방법의 하나인 LIME(Local Interpretable Model-Agnostic Explanations)을 활용하여 어떠한 이유로 딥러닝 알고리즘의 분류 결과가 나왔는지 설명하는 것을 목표로 한다. 본 연구에서는 웹 크롤링을 활용하여 구인구직 웹 사이트 Career Builder에서 2017년 10월 31일 ~ 2019년 6월 27일까지 52,190개의 구인광고 데이터를 수집하였다. 수집된 텍스트 데이터를 불용어 제거, 표제어 추출, TF-IDF 매트릭스 생성, 단어 토큰화 및 워드 벡터 매트릭스 생성 등의 방법으로 전처리하였다. 텍스트 분류모델을 생성하기 위해 Naive Bayes와 SVM(Support Vector Machine), CNN(Convolution Neural Network), Bidirectional LSTM(Long Short Term Memory model), Bidirectional LSTM Attention 모델을 사용하여 모델 간 성능을 비교하였다. 텍스트 분류 성능이 가장 좋은 알고리즘은 Bidirectional LSTM Attention으로 0.97의 정확도(Accuracy)를 보여주었다. 텍스트 분류 결과에 대한 설명을 위해 설명 가능한 인공지능 기법의 하나인 LIME(Local Interpretable Model-Agnostic Explanations) 기법을 사용하였다. 학습된 모델로부터 각 직업 카테고리별 예측 결과에 대한 샘플 데이터를 사용하여 모델 예측에 대한 중요한 요인이라 판단되는 단어 20개를 추출하였고 이를 각 카테고리별 빈도분석 결과와 비교하였다. 비교 결과, LIME 기법으로 알 수 있는 분류 요인 단어들과 각 카테고리별 빈도분석 결과가 차이가 있다는 사실을 확인하였다. 본 연구를 통해 블랙박스 모형에 해당하는 인공신경망 기법의 텍스트 분류 요인을 파악할 수 있다. 기존 텍스트 분류에 관한 연구에서는 분류 결과를 해석하는 데 있어서 연구자의 주관이 상당히 반영되고, 연구자가 많은 시간을 소비하여 결과를 해석한다. LIME 분석으로 텍스트 분류에 대한 요인들을 파악할 수 있기 때문에, 이를 시스템 또는 자동화하는 방법에도 적용할 수 있을 것이다. 모델이 오분류한 경우에 대해서는 오분류에 대한 요인도 파악할 수 있기 때문에, 모델의 성능 개선에도 도움을 줄 수 있을 것이다. With the development of technology, a variety of unstructured data can be analyzed through artificial neural network algorithms. Artificial neural network is in high demand because it has excellent problem-solving capabilities and is able to make effective decisions based upon big data, but such side effects as the possibility of algorithm manipulation and decision-making bias follow. The term "black box model" has emerged to mean that it is impossible to interpret the results of machine learning or artificial intelligence. In the case of black box models, it is difficult to apply them to trust-based systems such as healthcare and finance, even if they are more accurate than other models. Research has also been actively conducted to interpret the black box model, raising the need for explainable artificial intelligence(XAI). Therefore, the purpose of this study is to explain the factors for the classification results of deep learning algorithms using the LIME(Local Interpretable Model-Agnostic Explanations), one of the XAI methods, . In this study, 52,190 job advertisement data were collected from Career Builder, a job-hunting website, using web crawling. The collected text data were preprocessed by excluding stopwords, extracting topics, creating TF-IDF matrices, tokensizing words, and creating word vector matrices. To create a text classification model, we used the Naive Bayes and Support Vector Machine(SVM), Convolution Neural Network(CNN), Bi-directional Long Short Term Memory model(LSTM), and Bidirectional LSTM Attention model, and the performance results of these models were compared. The algorithm with the best text classification performance showed an accuracy of 0.97 with the bi-directional LSTM Attention. To explain the results of the text classification, one of the described Local Interpretable Model-Agnostic Explanations(LIME) was used. From the learned model, we used sample data for the predicted results for each occupational category to extract 20 words that were considered an important factor for the model prediction and compared them with the word count results for each category. Comparisons have shown that the classification factor words identified by the LIME and the word count results for each category are different. Through this study, the text classification factors of artificial neural network techniques corresponding to the black box model can be identified. In the study of existing text classification, the subjective point of view of the researcher is considerably reflected in interpreting the classification results, and the researcher spends a lot of time interpreting the results. Because LIME analysis can identify factors for text classification, it can also be applied to systems or automated methods. If the model prediction results misclassified, the factors for the misclassification can also be identified, which can help improve the performance of the model.

立地意思決定 方法論에 관한 硏究 : 直線距離法, 유클리드 距離法 그리고 輸送法에 의한 血液院의 新設을 中心으로

최인혁 西江大學校 1992 국내석사

집단미술치료 프로그램이 정서장애아동의 불안/위축 행동에 미치는 영향

최인혁 공주대학교 대학원 2002 국내석사

고등학교 음악교과서에 수록된 슈만 예술가곡의 가창 지도 연구 : Widmung, Die Lotosblume, Du bist wie eine Blume를 중심으로

최인혁 경북대학교 교육대학원 2007 국내석사

This study is on the extension of originative power of expression and harmonious character building of high school students through singing guidance. In order to perform the study, Schumann's three songs - Widmung, Die Lotosblume, Du bust wie eine blume - were selected and researched through the point of view, such as melody, accompaniment, form, harmony, and the relation of poet and music. The reason that Schumann's three songs were selected is like that. In the field of German Lied in 19th-century, Schubert and his songs achieved an absolute position, which is not suspicious at all. Schumann, however, who elevated the Art song as the top of at the time, is as important as Schubert. Despite of this fact, Schumann’s three songs, which are studied on this paper, are only published in the eight sorts of high school music texts in Korea. I considered, therefore, that it is valuable and necessary for high school students to introduce the beauty of Schumann's songs and to deepen their understanding of Schumann's songs with a guidance of singing which is based on analysis of his songs. In addition, this method is able to arouse their interesting about his Lied and to form positive mental-attitude to the singing activity. It is difficult to expect originative power of expression in a singing activity without understanding of 19th century German Art song. On that ground, with the early mentioned reasons of this paper’s purpose, I studied Myrten op. 25, which is Schumann's early works including Widmung, Die Lotosblume, Du bust wie eine blume as well as the background and the characteristics of 19th century German Art song. Singing is the most basic and free activities in music classes, so that a teacher should help students to express freely not only in ways of their expressions, but also in the originative understanding of the songs in German Lied class. In order to succeed the class, teachers should understand the characteristics of the Lied and develop methods of expression to guide Lied song.

생애사 연구에 기반을 둔 개인 기록화 연구

최인혁 한국외국어대학교 대학원 2015 국내석사

Life History Research Based Private Documentation The meaning of humans living in a society that values their personal history has been attenuated over time. Nevertheless, it is still important to respect the value of human beings. The personal history of individuals directly and vividly reflects the courses of their life and the society of which they are a part. It has become a meaningful part of the social landscape today to pursue efforts to understand humans and humanity correctly and properly through the windows of private records. However, the studies have so far focused on only public records and thus there are few studies on private records. A full understanding of the values and benefits of private records with permanent value is first needed in order to have a system of collecting and maintaining them. Notably, the significance of keeping private records on the relationship between individuals and the society of which they are a part lies in the fact that they cooperate to build a foundation on which they can prosper together. One of necessary things to be done to fully appreciate the values of such private records is to perform serious analyses on particular individuals who are behind those records. Such a form of analysis is called life history research. Several academic disciplines such as sociology, pedagogy, and records and archives management are combined within life history research. A multi-angle and multi-spectral analysis of individuals based on life history research allows a clearer perception of the values of private records. Developing and refining methods of life history research such as time-line interviews exert positive influence in setting up a direction for private documentation systems where private records are collected and maintained. Incorporating the elements of life history research, including time, turnings, dimensions, and adaptation and characteristics such as contexts, relationships, and humanization into the system of private documentation is necessary and useful in creating a basis for a sound society where free and deep analyses of particular individuals and their relevant records are conducted in diverse ways. It is strongly believed that promoting life history research allows humans to make constructive contributions to building a more livable and affluent society.

구름베어링용 세라믹스의 구름피로수명에 관한 연구

최인혁 경상대학교 2002 국내박사

The rolling contact fatigue (RCF) behaviors of five kinds of silicon nitride balls were investigated using 4-ball rolling contact fatigue life tester. Four kinds of Si₃N₄balls were fabricated using different raw materials, sintering aids and sintering conditions. Commercial Si₃N₄ball was also studied for the comparison. All of the balls were finished up to the dimensional accuracy of Grade 10 defined in KS B 2001 (Steel Balls for Ball Bearings) with a size of 9.525 ㎜. RCF tests were then conducted under the initial theoretical maximum contact stress of 6.38 GPa and the spindle speed of 10,000 rpm. Gear oil was provided by oiled race as lubricant. By performing the RCF test for all of Si ₃N ₄balls, the characteristics of the fatigue life were examined to explain the relationship between microstructure and mechanical properties, porosity, hardness, fracture toughness and flexural strength. The results of RCF test indicated that the prerequisitic conditions of the long rolling fatigue life for the Si₃N₄ball were ; (1) high density, (2) narrowed distribution of smaller grains, (3) little or none glassy phase in the grainboundary, and (4) little or none existence of crystalline phase and secondary phase inducing residual thermal stress due to the difference of thermal expansion coefficient with Si₃N₄phase. Commercially available hot-isostatic pressed and gas pressure sintered silicon nitride balls were tested using 4-ball tester under elasto-hydrodynamic lubrication (EHL) condition (∧=8.9) and boundary lubrication condition (∧=0.2). Test balls were finished up to the dimensional accuracy of Grade 5 with a size of 8.731 mm. RCF tests were then conducted under the initial theoretical maximum contact stress 6.63 GPa and the spindle speed 10,000 rpm. All of the test balls were not failed until 3.75×10^7 contact cycles and the wear tracks of test balls were not differentiated under EHL condition (∧=8.9). However under the boundary lubrication (∧=0.2), the surfaces of all test balls were damaged and high rolling wear resistance was confirmed in fully densified HIPed Si₃N₄balls with 1 wt% of MgO. Rolling wear of silicon nitride balls under boundary lubrication condition depended mainly on grain size and intergranular phase content in the silicon nitride balls. Under some corrosive circumstances, the silicon nitride ceramic showed drawbacks such as hardness reduction and severe rolling wear caused by corrosion. In this study, the variations of the rolling wear and hardness for three kinds of samples were investigated for the specimen aged 15 days in alkali water of 25 wt% NaOH at 90 ± 2℃. All of the specimens, such as, ① Si₃N₄, ② 3Y-TZP and ③ 3Y-TZP alloyed with 5 wt% CeO₂, were sintered and post-HIPed, and then polished up to 0.02 ㎛Ra of surface roughness. Rolling wear tests were conducted by ball on plate type rolling contact fatigue tester under the initial maximum contact stress of 3.76 GPa and the spindle speed of 1,000 rpm. Spindle oil was used as a lubricant. Wear volume of all the specimens was not significantly detected before aging. For the specimen aged in alkali water, Si₃N₄and 3Y-TZP were worn by rolling wear test, and hardness decreased. While aging the specimens, the phase was transformed from the tetragonal to monoclinic phase in 3Y-TZP and the change of microstructure occured in Si₃N₄. 3Y-TZP alloyed with 5 wt% CeO₂were not worn after aging and no phase transformation was observed after aging.

창의적 문제해결 모형을 적용한 미술활동이 영재와 일반아동의 창의력, 공간능력, 도형유추능력에 미치는 영향

최인혁 순천향대학교 2010 국내박사

This paper aims to examine the effects of art activities applying creative problem solving model on creativity, spatial ability, geometric analogy ability of both the gifted children and the average children and to compare the differences. The followings are the specific research questions based on such research purpose. Firstly, what is the effect of CPS model based art activities on gifted children and average children in terms of creativity? Secondly, what is the effect of CPS model based art activities on gifted children and average children in terms of spatial ability? Thirdly, what is the effect of CPS model based art activities on gifted children and average children in terms of geometric analogy ability? I have categorized CPS model based art activities into five steps such as exploration for materials, exploration for problems, finding of ideas, finding of solutions, performance and evaluations, which are all developed from CPS model. The subject theme for each step is selected from the current curriculum of elementary school art education. Moreover the art activities are composed not only of CPS model but also of creative techniques, creative field and expression of artistic activity. For this research, I have selected one hundred children through the intelligence test of K-WISC-Ⅲ. The experimental group which is composed of twenty five gifted children and twenty five average children performed CPS model based art activities while the comparative group with twenty five gifted children and twenty five average children performed general art activity. The result is analysed by mixed design of 3 way ANOVA and the following is the findings from the analysis. Firstly, in terms of creativity, CPS model showed positive effects for originality and premature closure. While ‘fluency’ displayed statistically significant difference, the comparative group rather than the experimental group showed more positive effect. Moreover the gifted children among the comparative groups showed more positive effect than the average children. The experimental group and the gifted children gained more scores in ‘originality’ which was statistically significant. Therefore, CPS model based art activities showed positive effects both for the gifted children and the average children. ‘The abstractedness of title’ did not display statistically significant result in both art activities. ‘Sophisticatedness’ was highly scored after the art activities for both groups, which however did not display statistically significant results in the end. In ‘premature closure’, the experimental group and the comparative group showed statistically meaningful and positive effects. Secondly, in terms of ‘spatial ability’, CPS model based art activities resulted in meaningful positive effects, which adopted ‘two·three dimension rotation, two dimension transformation, three dimension transformation’. Thirdly, in terms of ‘geometric analogy ability’, CPS model based art activities showed positive results all in ‘additions·deletions, transformation’ which are subordinate elements of geometric analogy ability. As a result, this research discovered that CPS model based art activities make positive effects for creativity, spatial ability, geometric analogy ability of gifted children and average children will all the different effect in each area. 본 연구의 목적은 창의적 문제해결(Creative Problem Solving; CPS)모형을 적용한 미술활동이 영재와 일반아동의 창의력, 공간능력, 도형유추능력에 미치는 영향을 알아보고, 그 차이를 밝히는데 있다. 이러한 연구 목적에 따른 구체적인 연구문제는 다음과 같다. 첫째, CPS모형을 적용한 미술활동과 일반 미술활동이 영재와 일반아동의 창의력에 어떠한 영향을 주는가? 둘째, CPS모형을 적용한 미술활동과 일반 미술활동이 영재와 일반아동의 공간능력에 어떠한 영향을 주는가? 셋째, CPS모형을 적용한 미술활동과 일반 미술활동이 영재와 일반아동의 도형유추능력에 어떠한 영향을 주는가? CPS모형을 적용한 미술활동은 CPS모형을 근거로 자료탐색, 문제탐색, 아이디어발견, 해결책 발견, 수행 및 평가의 다섯 단계로 구분하였다. 각 회기의 주제는 현 초등미술과 교육과정을 참고하여 선정하였으며 미술활동 내용으로는 CPS모형을 포함한 창의적 기법, 창의영역, 미술활동의 표현방식 등으로 구성하였다. 연구대상은 K-WISC-Ⅲ 지능검사를 통해 100명의 아동을 선정하여 실험집단(영재아동 25명, 일반아동 25명)은 CPS모형을 적용한 미술활동을 실시하고 비교집단(영재아동 25명, 일반아동 25명)은 일반미술활동을 적용 하였다. 결과는 3way ANOVA의 혼합설계로 결과를 분석하였으며 구체적 내용은 다음과 같다. 첫째, 창의력 요인 중에서 독창성과 성급한 종결에 CPS모형이 긍정적 영향을 미쳤다. 즉 ‘유창성’은 통계상 유의한 차이를 보여 주었지만 실험집단보다 비교집단에서 긍정적 효과가 나타났으며 그중에서도 일반아동보다 영재아동에게 긍정적 영향을 미쳤다. ‘독창성’은 실험집단과 영재아동에게 있어서 많은 점수 차를 보여주었으며 통계적 유의함을 보여 주었다. 따라서 CPS모형을 적용한 미술활동이 영재와 일반아동 모두에게 효과가 있었다. ‘제목의 추상성’은 두 가지 미술활동 모두에서 통계상 유의미한 결과를 나타내지 않았다. ‘정교성’은 실험집단과 비교집단 간 사후 점수가 높아지기는 했으나 통계상 유의미한 결과는 보이지 않았으며 ‘성급한 종결’에서는 실험집단과 영재아동에게서 통계상 유의하고 긍정적인 영향을 나타내었다. 둘째, ‘공간능력’은 ‘2?3차원 회전, 2차원 변환, 3차원 변환’의 세 가지 하위요인에 CPS모형을 적용한 미술활동이 모두 유의미한 긍정적인 영향을 주었다. 셋째, ‘도형유추능력’에 대해서는 하위요인으로 ‘첨가?소멸, 변형’의 두 가지 요인 모두에서 CPS모형이 긍정적인 결과를 나타내었다. 따라서 본 연구의 CPS모형을 적용한 미술활동은 각 하위요인 별로 차이를 나타내지만 영재와 일반아동의 창의력과 공간능력, 도형유추능력에 긍정적 영향이 미치는 것을 알 수 있었다.