重回歸分析에 의한 需要予測

조성건 東亞大學校 1982 국내석사

초등학교 교육정보화 담당교사의 업무에 대한 인식분석

조성건 계명대학교 교육대학원 2001 국내석사

Development of a compact tattooing mechanism for the capsule endoscope

조성건 Korea Aerospace University 2018 국내석사

대장내시경은 대장 내 병변을 진단하기 위한 효과적인 진단 기구이다. 그러나, 상용 내시경은 시술 시 공기주입에 따른 통증과 불편함을 억제하기 위해 진정제와 진통제를 사용해야 하는 단점이 있다. 또한, 대장의 심한 굴곡 및 점탄성 특성 등으로 인해 강제 삽관 중 삽입 실패나 출혈을 동반하는 천공을 발생시킨다. 이를 대체하기 위해 제안된 캡슐 내시경은 소화기관의 자극 없이 진단이 가능한 차세대 진단 장비로 각광받고 있다. 그럼에도 불구하고, 캡슐 내시경의 제한된 부피 내에 진단 기구를 통합해야 하는 어려움이 존재한다. 이러한 진단기구는 생검 장치나 내시경적 표식 장치 등을 포함하며, 시술자가 효과적이고 정확한 검진을 할 수 있도록 돕는데 목적이 있다. 따라서 캡슐 내시경에 진단기구를 통합하는 것은 기존의 상용 대장내시경을 대체하는데 필수적이므로 반드시 선행되어야 한다. 그러므로 본 논문에서는 장내 병변을 진단하고 이를 표식하기 위한 별도의 내시경적 표식술 장치를 제안하였다. 제안된 초소형 내시경적 표식술 장치는 일반적인 상용 내시경의 표식술 방법을 유지함과 동시에 캡슐 내시경에 구비가 가능하도록 설계되었다. 시술자의 넓은 검진 시야를 담보로 안전한 표식용액의 주입을 위해 바늘은 캡슐 내시경 전면부에 구비하였다. 또한, 장내 점막하층을 투과하기 위한 바늘의 삽입과 표식용액의 주입, 그리고 바늘의 회수를 2단계로 구분함으로써 시술자의 명령에 의해 장치가 작동 될 수 있도록 설계하였다. 이를 기반으로, 2개의 코니컬 스프링을 각각 대칭시켜 타투잉 모듈에 장착하였다. 각각의 코니컬 스프링은 별도의 트리거링 모듈에 의해 작동된다. 제안된 트리거링 모듈은 저융점 금속으로 제작되어 전열선으로 감겨있으며, 별도의 명령 인가 시, 전열선의 발열로 인해 저융점 금속의 상태변화가 발생한다. 따라서 첫 번째 코니컬 스프링의 전개에 따라 바늘의 삽입과 표식용액 주입이 진행되고, 두 번째 스프링에 의해 바늘의 회수가 발생한다. 이 때, 바늘의 장내 삽입 시 필요 힘과 표식약물의 안정적 주입을 위한 힘을 고려하여 기초 실험과 이론적 분석을 진행하였으며 그 결과 5.8 N을 기반으로 한 첫 번째 코니컬 스프링을 설계하였다. 두 번째 코니컬 스프링의 압축력은 첫 번째 코니컬 스프링을 압축 할 수 있도록 설계되었다. 구비된 코니컬 스프링을 작동하기 위해 제안된 트리거링 모듈의 저전력 기반의 작동을 구현하기 위해 0.4 mm 직경의 Ni-Cr를 사용하였다. 전력 공급의 개폐동작은 릴레이를 통해 구동되며 실제 캡슐내시경에 구비될 시 한 번의 리드 스위치 작동만으로 작동이 가능한 전력분배시스템을 제안하였다. 또한, 각각의 트리거링 모듈의 독립적인 작동을 위해 NE555 타이머를 활용한 타이밍 딜레이 방법을 적용하여 독립적인 출력 시스템을 제안하였다. 그 결과, 캡슐 내시경 내부에 장착된 베터리의 용량의 2.9% (입력전압 5 V, 전류 5 A, 작동시간 2 초) 소모만으로도 트리거링 모듈의 작동이 가능한 것을 확인 하였다. 타투잉 모듈의 작동을 확인하기 위해 실험을 수행한 결과 바늘의 변위는 설계된 3.3 mm로 정확하게 발생하였다. 또한, 잉크의 주입 실험 시 0.25 ml 의 용액이 주입된 것을 확인하였다. 결론적으로, 전력분배시스템의 구현가능성을 입증하기 위해 앞선 실험적 데이터에 기반한 타이밍 회로의 저항과 캐패시터 값을 추정하여 In-vitro test에 적합한 지연시간을 도출하였다. 그 결과, 적출된 돼지의 대장을 이용하여 표식약물의 실험결과 제안된 장치가 정확히 표식약물을 점막하층에 주입이 가능한 것을 확인하였다. 본 논문에서 제안한 캡슐내시경 구비를 위한 초소형 내시경적 표식술 장치는 선구적이고 도전적인 연구로서 캡슐내시경의 기능 모듈에 대한 기본 개념을 제시하였고, 이를 기반으로 향후 캡슐 내시경의 초소형 모듈의 연구 개발 자료로 활용이 가능할 것으로 기대된다. Colonoscopy is an effective diagnostic tool for screening colorectal cancer(CRC) in the colon. However, a commercial colonoscopy have a drawbacks which is to use sedative and analgesic to suppress pain and inconvenience during the procedure. Also, it caused the perforation of the colon with bleeding or insertion failure because of the heavy bending (i.e sigmoid colon) or viscoelastic properties of the colon. In order to replace this limitation, the proposed capsule endoscopy is highlighted as a next generation diagnostic device because it is capable of diagnosing without stimulation to the colon. Nevertheless, there is a difficulty in integrating the diagnostic apparatus within the limited volume of the capsule endoscopy. The diagnostic instruments include biopsy or endoscopic tattooing device, and the purpose of these devices is to assist the surgeon with an effective and accurate diagnosis. The development of capsule endoscope function module must be preceded, therefore, because integrating the diagnostic tool into the capsule endoscope is essential to replace the commercial colonoscope. In this paper, we proposed an endoscopic tattooing device which can diagnose a CRC or tumor in the colon. The proposed micro endoscopic tattooing device keeps the typical commercial colonoscopy technique intact , at the same time, it is designed to encapsulation. The needle was placed in the front of the capsule endoscope to inject the ink safely with a secured wide filed of view. Furthermore, the insertion of the needle and the injection of the ink to penetrate into the submucosa layer of the colon were separated by 2 steps. And, each sequence is designed so that operator can control the sequence independently. In detail, two conical springs are mounted symmetrically in the tattooing module. Each an conical spring is activated by special triggering module. The proposed triggering module composed low temperature melting metal which is suspended by heating wire. Once the wire is heated, the metal is melted and the triggering is worked. The needle is inserted and the ink is injected simultaneously according to deployment of the 1st conical spring. Then, the withdrawal of the needle is worked according to deployment of the 2nd conical spring. The puncture force to insert into submucosa layer and the injection force to guarantee for stable injection of the ink are analyzed theoretically. As a results, the 1st conical spring is defined as 5.8N to insert the needle and inject the ink. The 2nd conical spring is designed to re-compress the 1st conical spring. The triggering module which can activate each conical spring is heated by Ni-Cr wire based on low power consumption. A diameter of the Ni-Cr wire is 0.4mm. The opening and closing of the power supply is transmitted by relay modules. Accordingly, a power distribution system, when equipped with a capsule endoscope, is proposed that can be operated with only one reed switch operation. In addition, an independent output system was proposed using a timing delay using NE555 timers for the independent operation of each triggering module. Therefore, only 2.9 % the battery capacity which is mounted in capsule endoscope was confirmed that the triggering module is capable of operating. In order to confirm the working of the tattooing module, we conducted the displacement experiment. The displacement of the needle was exactly 3.3mm. Also, we confirmed that the injected quantity was 0.25 ml according to injection experiment. Consequently, to demonstrate the feasibility of the power distribution system, a suitable delay time was derived for an In-vitro test by estimating the resistance and the value of a capacitor in a timing circuit based on the previous experimental data. As a results, using the extracted the porcine colon, the experiment revealed that the proposed tattooing device was able to accurately inject the ink into the submucosa layer. The development of the tattooing mechanism for the capsule endoscope, in this paper, is a pioneering and challenging study of the function module for the capsule endoscope, which is expected to be utilized as a research and development for the next generation capsule endoscope in the future.

代數回歸模型에 의한 소프트웨어의 信賴性 評價에 관한 硏究

조성건 東亞大學校 1992 국내박사

Computer software users develop and utilize their application software by themselves since processing methods are different by quantity and quality of the information in field. But no reliability evaluation models are found for application software. Therefore, a model for application software is developed to manage them with high reliability in this study. The reasons could be on the different data collection methods between application software and system software on development phases. Development of a reliability evaluation model for application software is absolutely nesessary in industrial-field, because reliable application softwares are required to manage information. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to develop a logarithmic regression model which can be applied convinently in industry-field by searching error data and occurrence time which appear in the final test step to improve existing reliability evaluation model of system software. The developed model needs input data and error numbers generated during the testing phases. However, total error numbers of the existing model and each error time was needed as data for developing the new model. The differences occurred from the above-mentioned searching method could not be applied to the developing model, because it is difficult to search data used in the existing model. Maximum likelihood estimation must be used to estimate parameters by using the searched data. Parameter estimation can be done with trial and error or simluation. The purpose of this paper is to develop the model evaluating reliability by using test numbers and error data numbers for logarithmic regression, and to calculate reliability of application software simple and convinently using least squares estimation. Developers and managers believe the realiability in some degree, and they stop test work and can easily make a decision to process information by calculating reliability of developing application software .To process information in industrial-field, mean-values and error occurrence intensity and remained error numbers are calculated by using binomial-type exponential model, and validity of developed logarithmic regression model is testified by comparing and analyzing the two models In conclusion, it is believed that the developed model could be applied convinently in industrial-field. The model has a special feature to be highly utilized in field and to be used to easily calculate data for decision making.

Taurine regulates cell proliferation and intracellular magnesium in human osteoblast cells

조성건 Chonbuk National Univ. 2008 국내박사

Taurine has been reported to influence bone metabolism, and its specific transport system, the taurine transporter, is expressed in osteoblasts. In association with bone metabolism, a number of studies have demonstrated that divalent cations, including Mg^(2+), play a critical role in bone remodeling and skeletal development. The present study determined the effects of taurine treatment on intracellular Mg^(2+) regulation and mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) activation in human osteoblast (HOB) cells. The intracellular Mg^(2+) concentrations in a single HOB cell were determined using the fluorescent dye Mag-fura-2AM, and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) activity was measured by spectrophotometrically determining the level of pyruvic acid. The level of activation of the extracellular signal-regulated kinase 1/2 (ERK 1/2) and p38 mitogen-activated protein (MAP) kinase was measured via Western blotting. Taurine reduced LDH activity and increased cell proliferation in HOB cells in a concentration-dependent manner. In the HOB cells, the mean intracellular Mg^(2+) concentration ([Mg^(2+)]i) was 0.51±0.01 mM (n=26) in normal culture media. 20mM Taurine caused an increased in [Mg^(2+)]i by 0.72±0.04 mM (n=4) in the HOB cells. This increment of [Mg^(2+)]i was inhibited significantly by 10 μM PD98059 (a specific ERK 1/2 antagonist), nifedipine, lidocaine, and imipramine. Taurine also was shown to stimulate the activation of extracellular signal-regulated kinase 1/2 (ERK 1/2). This taurine-stimulated ERK1/2 activation was inhibited by PD98059. In the present study, taurine was shown to increase cell proliferation and generate an increase in [Mg^(2+)]i accompanied by ERK 1/2 activation in HOB cells. 타우린은 골아세포가 발현하는 타우린 운반통로를 통해 골대사에 관여한다고 알려져 있다. 골대사와 관련하여 마그네슘을 비롯한 이가 양이온은 골의 리모델링과 골격발달에 있어 매우 중요한 역할을 수행한다. 우리의 연구는 타우린이 골아세포 내 마그네슘의 조절 및 mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK)의 활성화에 어떤 영향을 끼치는가에 대한 것이다. 하나의 골아세포 내 마그네슘 농도는 Mag-fura-2AM으로 염색하여 측정하였고 유산탈수소효소의 활성도는 분광광도계로 피루빅산의 상대치를 측정하였다. 또한 면역블로팅으로 extracellular signal-regulated kinase 1/2 (ERK1/2)과 p38 MAPK의 활성화 정도를 확인하였다. 타우린은 농도의존적으로 골아세포를 증식시키고 유산 탈수소효소치를 감소시켰다. 골아세포 내 정상적인 세포 내 마그네슘의 농도는 0.51±0.01 mM (n=26)이다. 20mM 타우린을 처리한 경우 세포 내 마그네슘이 0.72±0.04 mM (n=4)로 증가하였다. 이러한 마그네슘의 증가는 10 μM 의 PD98059 (ERK 길항제)을 비롯해 nifedipine, lidocaine, imipramine에 의해 완벽하게 차단되었다. 타우린은 또한 ERK1/2을 활성화 시켰으며 이는 PD98059에 의해 차단되었다. 결론적으로, 타우린은 골아세포에서 ERK1/2을 활성화시켜 세포의 증식 및 세포 내 마그네슘의 증가를 유발한다.

重回歸分析에 의한 需要豫測

조성건 東亞大學校 大學院 1982 국내석사

The object of this study is to forecast and analyze the value of demand by use the Multiple Regression Analysis used in long-demand-forecast for estimating the demand-quantity which is the basic data the all plan and decision of an enterprise. The method of this study is divided into theoretical consideration and actual proof. All Possible Regression Method is used in the selection of variances, the selected variance are squares of R (Coefficient of Determination), MSE ( Residual Mean Square), and the value of F in variance analysis, and estimated value of selection variance is computed by the Simple Linear Regression Model. In the actual proof with this theoretical for background, this study forecast the demand of sockets in enterprise D. The independent variance are Dwellings, Total Power Generated, G. N. P., Production of Copper Plates, Publicity Cost, Population< Phenol Resin, and Regidential. The Multiple Regression Model Y=13472.65 + 0.01719x_(1) + 0.2419x_(4)+0.25577x_(4) is resulted from the selected variances x_(1)(Dwellings), x_(4)(Production of Copper Plates), x_(4)(Publicity Cost). After abstracting the estimate of selection variances, calculates 5 years' value of estimate until 1986 by use of the Multiple Regression Model. When the value of estimate calculated through the Triple Exponential Smoothing Method, compared and examined for the analysis of forecast. In consequence of the study, it is converged at a(Smoothing Constant) = 0.8 same with the value of estimate through the Multiple Regression Analysis. So, we can conclude that the value of sockets demand forecast Which was selected as the object of this study, is veracious when calculated through the method of Multiple Regression Analysis. As though suggested some kinds of assumption for calculating the value of primary factors on production, beforehand preparetion in selecting variance, and further study and improvement for interpreting the existing state of economy as weighing metrical.

혈중 Mg2+ 농도 및 유출에 미치는 Ethanol의 영향과 Melatonin의 억제효과

조성건 전북대학교 2002 국내석사