二酸化窒素가스 吸入이 肺의 細胞構造에 미치는 影響 ; [外 副論文 二篇]

장병희 慶北大學校 1976 국내박사

부동산정책이 아파트가격에 미치는 영향에 관한 연구-부산지역 아파트를 중심으로-

장병희 대구대학교 2006 국내석사

The real estate policy of Korea has been to stimulate the economy through relaxation of taxation during a recession. The property price rises during briskness has widened the gap between the rich and the poor and caused various problems in politics, economy and society, resulting in a sharp rise of property price by speculative fictitious demand. It has brought negative influences on the whole society. Unlike the briskness of other business, therefore, the aggressive intervention of the government has been required. On the other hand, however, the real estate market consists of sub-markets with different conditions in each region. This study will investigate the causes and the problems of price fluctuations caused by real estate policy focusing on the apartments in Busan to seek the solutions. The purposes of this study are as follows: First, this study will consider the pricing theory and the theory for the real estate business fluctuations and see the type and the method of the government intervention in real estate market. Second, this study will inquire the effects of the policy through the condition of the policy and the changes and characteristics of real estate market in recent years. Third, this study will analyze the effects of the policy on real estate prices through statistical data, focusing on Busan area. On the basis of this analysis, this study will show the policy direction for the stabilization of real estate market. The response to the current real estate policy of the government is negative with the serious voices that the government policy for real estate causes a vicious circle of the house prices rise. The people expect the new government will change the policy. The ranges of this study are as follows to effectively attain the background and the purposes of the study as mentioned above: First, this study sees the types of the pricing theory, the business fluctuations and the real estate policy. Second, this study considers the current situation and the effects of the real estate policy depending on the regulatory or exansionary policy. Third, this study analyzes the relation between the policy and the price through the fluctuations of apartment prices and shows the right direction for policy making to stabilize the real estate price. To attain the purposes, this study has set the conceptual model by surveying various documents and theoretically considered the real estate policy and the business fluctuations based on the theses. If necessary, the figures and tables have helped for understanding. This study made the best use of the statistical data from public institutions such as Ministry of Construction & Tansportation, Korea National Statistical Office, Busan Metropolitan City, Korea Land Development Corporation, Korea Research Institute for Human Settlements, Construction & Economy Research Institute of Korea, etc. and those from private institutions such as Kookmin Bank, Samsung Economic Research Institute, Korea Real Estate Society, Real Estate Bank, Real Estate 114, etc. for the current situation of the expansionary (regulatory) policy since 2000, the average prices before and after the policy and various numerical values related to the apartment prices in Busan. It also analyzed the duration of the policy effect by months and rise, slowdown, drop, etc.

최적화된 RBFNNs 기반 얼굴 인식 시스템 설계 및 구현 : 하이브리드 2차원 및 3차원 전처리 기법을 중심으로

장병희 수원대학교 2014 국내석사

본 연구에서는 주야간 및 3차원 얼굴인식을 위해 최적화된 RBFNNs 기반 다차원 얼굴 인식 시스템을 구현한다. 기존 얼굴 인식 시스템의 성능은 외부환경의 변화, 이미지의 크기, 그리고 얼굴의 포즈 등으로 인해 결정된다. 이러한 단점을 보완하기 위한 얼굴 영역 및 특징 추출 기법을 사용한다. 제안된 하이브리드 전처리 기법은 2차원 영상에서 Harr-like feature 및 Ada-Boost 기법을 이용하여 얼굴과 배경을 구분한 후 Active Shape Model(ASM) 알고리즘으로 얼굴 영역만을 찾아낸다. 전처리 과정에서는 CCD 카메라와 나이트비전 카메라로부터 2차원 영상을 입력 받고 Haar-like feature 와 Ada-boost 알고리즘을 통해 전체 이미지에서 얼굴을 분리하여 얼굴영역만을 획득한다. 그리고 ASM 알고리즘을 이용하여 얼굴 윤곽선 및 형상을 추출한다. 그 다음 특징 추출기법인 주성분분석법(PCA), 선형파별분석법(LDA), PCA-LDA 그리고 2-Directional and 2-Dimensional PCA((2D)2 PCA) 알고리즘을 통해 고차원의 이미지를 저차원 이미지로 축소한다. 또한 2차원 주야간 얼굴인식의 한계를 극복하기 위하여 3차원 스캐너를 이용한 인식 시스템을 제안한다. 3차원 얼굴인식 시스템은 얼굴형상 획득, 포즈보상, 특징 추출 및 인식 단계로 구성된다. 3차원 얼굴인식의 전처리 과정은 회전된 얼굴의 포즈를 정면으로의 보상하며 그리고 다중 영역 포인트 특징 기법(Multi area-point signature technique)을 사용한 얼굴의 깊이 정보 추출을 통해 수행한다. 인식단계에서는 얼굴 인식을 수행하기 위해 다항식 기반 RBFNNs 분류기를 제안한다. 제안된 다항식 기반 RBFNNs의 네트워크 구조는 조건부, 결론부, 추론부 세 가지의 기능적 모듈로 나누어진다. 조건부의 입력 공간은 기존의 가우시안 함수 대신 Fuzzy C-means(FCM) 클러스터링에 의하여 분할되며, 결론부의 연결가중치는 상수항을 확장한 다항식 함수로 표현된다. 다항식의 연결가중치 계수는 가중 최소 자승법(Weighted Least Square Estimation: WLSE)에 의하여 추정된다. 추론부의 최종출력은 퍼지 추론식을 통하여 얻는다. 또한 다항식의 형태, 규칙의 개수, 퍼지화 계수, 데이터의 차원수를 최적화를 위해 차분진화 알고리즘(Differential Evolution: DE)과 입자 군집 최적화(Particle Swarm Optimization: PSO)를 사용한다. 본 연구의 주야간 및 3차원 얼굴인식 시스템의 성능을 평가를 위해 주야간 IC&CI Lab 데이터를 사용한다. In this study, the proposed face recognition system is constructed with the aid of the design methodology of optimized RBFNNs-based 3-dimensional as well as 2-dimensional day & night face recognition. The performance of face recognition systems reported in literatures is affected by the chance of external environment, image scale, and face pose. Face area extraction as well as feature extraction techniques are used in order to compensate for these drawbacks mentioned above. The proposed hybrid pre-processing technique detect only face area by using ASM algorithm after distinguishing between face and background through Harr-like feature, and Ada-Boost algorithm on 2-dimensional image. In the pre-processing stage, CCD camera and night vision camera are used to obtain 2-dimensional image and then face area is merely selected by separating face image from entire image through Haar-like feature and Ada-boost Algorithm. Then, facial contour and shape are extracted by using ASM algorithm. High-dimensional images are reduced to low-dimensional images by using diverse preprocessing algorithms such as PCA, LDA, PCA-LDA, and (2D)2 PCA known as feature extraction techniques. Moreover 3-dimensional recognition system is developed by using 3D scanner to overcome the limitation of 2-dimensional day/night face recognition. 3-dimensional face recognition system is realized by some stages such as face shape acquisition, pose compensation, feature extraction, and recognition. In the pre-processing stage of 3-dimensional face recognition system, the procedure is carried out by using both compensation for rotated face pose and the depth information of face through multi area-point signature technique. In the recognition stage, polynomial-based RBFNNs classifiers is used in order to perform face recognition. The structure of the proposed polynomial-based RBFNNs is divided into three modules such as condition, conclusion, and inference phase. The input spaces of the condition phase are divided by Fuzzy C-means(FCM) instead of Gaussian function, and the connection weights of the conclusion phase are represented as polynomial function extended from constant terms. The coefficients of connection weights are estimated by Weighted Least Square Estimation(LSE) method. The final output of inference phase is obtained through fuzzy inference equation. The essential parameters of proposed classifier such as the order of polynomial, the number of rules, fuzzification coefficient, and the number of dimensions are optimized by means of Differential Evolution(DE) and Particle Swarm Optimization(PSO) respectively. We take into consideration the day & night dataset of IC&CI Lab in order to evaluate the output performance of 2-dimensional day & night as well as 3-dimensional face recognition system.

韓國的 Realism 文學의 生成過程에 對한 批評 : 1920年代의 自然主義的 寫實主義文學을 中心으로

장병희 建國大學校 大學院 1966 국내석사

以上, 數章과 數十節로 區分하여, 筆者는 序論에서 約束한 바, 『韓國的 自然主義文學의 生成過程에 對한 批評』을 써 마쳤다. 지금까지 論述한 바를 돌이켜 보면, 한국의 自然主義文學은 西歐의 自然主義文學과 比較하여 볼 때, 歪曲되어 받아 들여졌으며, 그로 말미암아 寒國에는 아직껏 眞正한 意味로서의 自然主義文學의 開花를 보지 못했다고 할 수 있을 것이다. 그 原因은 무엇보다도 첫째는, 新文學의 年代가 늦은 것, 卽 外國文學은 大體로 19世紀末까지 近代的 過程을 마치고, 所謂 19世紀의 傳統에 反動하는 새로운 20世紀의 文學이 生動한 時期인데 反하여, 韓國의 境遇는 20世紀에 접어들면서부터 비로소 近代化運動이 始作되었다는 點을 들 수 있다. 다시 말하면 西歐의 近代的인 文藝思潮, 卽 西歐의 黃昏期的 文藝思潮가 이 땅에선 하나의 새로운 出發點으로서의 黎明期的 文藝思潮로 始作되었던 것이다. 이것은 그만큼 이땅에 近代性이 뒤늦게야 確認되었음을 意味 하는 것이 된다. 둘째는, 自己의 主體音識(傳統)의 確立이 없이, 卽 自己傳統에 對한 反動과 힘에 依해서 出發된 것이 아니고, 無計劃的 無挑判的으로 外來思潮를 받아들인 나머지 一種의 消化不良症文學이 되어 버렸고, 이것이 現代文學의 原因을 가져 오게 한 前提的 原因이 된 데다가, 國家의 主權을 잃고 日本의 植民地라는 어둡고 그늘진 環境 속에서 生長했다는 點을 들 수 있을 것이다. 主體音識이 確立 된 文學이란 곧 國民文學이요, 民族的 文學일진데, 自己 나라가 없고, 自己 民族의 獨自性을 發揮할 수 없었던 過去의 不自由한 環境下에서 文學이 順調롭게 生長하면서 꽃필 수 없었던 것이다. 이것이 韓國文學이 貧困해진 또하나의 直接的 原因이 되었다고 할 수 있을 것이다. 셋째는, 作家의 思想性이 缺乏과 作家的 敎義의 不足 등을 들 수 있을 것이다. 以上은 歷史的 環境的 文學史的 思想的(主題)인 面에서 檢討해 본 것이나, 여기에 빼놓을 수 없는 또하나의 重要한 原因은 作品에 對한 「技法」의 問題에 對해서이다. 卽 「小說의 方法論」關한 問題다. 韓國의 自然主義作家들에 있어 그 共通的인 病弊가 있다면, 그것은 바로 이 問題라고 생각한다. 무엇을 이야기하느냐보다도, 어떤 것을 어떻게 이야기(表現)하느냐에 따라서 小說의 reality는 左右된다고 본다. 思想의 表現 은 하나의 「技法」을 通해서만 具現된다. 作家에게 있어서는 偉大한 思想도 必要하지만, 그 偉大한 思想을 表現하는 「技法」通해서만 可能한 것이다. 故로 偉大한 小說家는 偉大한 「技法」을 가진 者다. 藝術이 原來의 語源 그대로 <Art>(技術)인 以上에는 「表現의 技法」또한 無視할 수 없는 問題다. 特히 自然主義小說이 <reality>의 問題에 있고 보면, 더욱 그렇다. 그럼에도 不拘하고 韓國의 自然主義作家들에게 있어서는 이 「技法」에 對한 徹底한 反省이 없었다. 그 때문에 廉想涉의 『標本室 靑개구리』에 있어서와 같이 技法上, 非科學的 誤謬를 犯하고 말았던 것이다. 이와 같이 諸原因으로 하여 韓國的 自然主義文學은 外國 것의 模倣 乃至는 反?라는 範圍를 脫皮하지 못했던 것이다. 이러한 現象은 비단 自然主義文學의 境遇에만 該當되는 것이 아니라, 他分野에 걸쳐서도 該當되는 問題라고 본다. 그러나, 지금까지 論述한 바 여러 가지 原因으로 하여 비록 開花를 보지 못한 韓國的 自然主義文學運動이었을지언정, 韓國 新文學 50年 生成시켜가는 데 있어, 本文學運動이 寄與한 바 그 至大한 功勞는 否認할 수 없을 것이려니와, 韓國 文學史上에 記錄되어야할 代辯的인 文學運動이었음은 또한 決코 否認할 수 없는 事實일 것이다.

會計利益의 豫測에 관한 實證的 硏究

장병희 東國大學校 1987 국내석사

퇴계의 언행록(言行錄)에 나타난 인성의 교육적 의미

장병희 경상대학교 교육대학원 2014 국내석사

Recently when we see Korean educational reality, the tendency of education of one-sided college entrance examination and the seriousness of school violence is often pointed out. Most students recognize that the purpose of the study up to the high school is to enter a good college. Naturally personality education is neglected and students are absorbed in the study to get better test results than others. This study aims to examine T'oegye's aspect of mature character and the effort of self-culture and clarify the educational direction necessary for modern people to build up character. Most of all, we surveyed the look of T'oegye's personality appearing in his memoirs 『ŏnhaengnok』. First, T'oegye's look of character appearing in moral training(修身) is as follows. He set forth his aspirations to become a saint through the determination. And he developed himself physically and mentally through cultivation and introspection. He usually cultivated his heart with an attitude of respect to keep the inherent clear mind. And he cultivated his moral virtues with an attitude of learning-for-character. Second, T'oegye's look of character appearing in family management(齊家) is as follows. First of all, he practiced filial piety and brotherly love. And he performed the duty of husband and wife. He practiced the forgiveness to consider my mind and understand others. Third, T'oegye's look of character appearing in ruling a nation (治國) is as follows. T'oegye did his fealty to the nation fully. He advised the king to govern the nation well near by. While he was doing a public service, he practiced righteousness. He reduced the taxes for the subjects, and led a poor but honest life instead of amassing the property. The educational meaning of the character appearing in T'oegye's 『ŏnhaengnok』 is as follows. The educational meaning of character seen in moral training: First, it is the motivation of personality cultivation through determination. Nowadays we have to recognize to cultivate the character in order to lead a happy life. Second, personality cultivation through cultivation and introspection and respect. Nowadays we should make continuous efforts to cultivate the personality through an educational program to cultivate moral thinking power and practice moral life. Third, it is the establishment of identity through learning-for-character. In order to do self-oriented learning, the objective of learning must be the learning for oneself, not to get the acknowledgement of others. The educational meaning of character seen in family management: First, the practice of filial piety and brotherly love and forgiveness. The virtue education of family love and manners, neighborliness should be reinforced. Second, it is the self-cultivation to establish the relationship of husband and wife. Adult male and female should cultivate his or her heart steadily. Because the relationship between husband and wife affects human nature development greatly. The educational meaning of character seen in ruling a nation: First, it is the reinforcement of personality education for royalty. The natural objective of education is to foster a well-rounded human being. Currently in public education personality, education is not well executed. We have to widen the environment for the personality education a variety of efforts in the education of alternative schools and reflect it in public education. Second, it is the establishment of social ethics through righteousness. The leading people of society should cultivate law-abiding, justice, consideration, service spirit and behave in accordance with their moral belief. We should make a moral society through the ethical sense education of righteousness. As reviewed above, we came to know that T'oegye's personality shown in his 『ŏnhaengnok』 is his demeanor to believe human's honest aspect and practice it. Human is always indulged in human greed under the influences of disposition. So T'oegye usually straightened his body and mind with an attitude of respect to keep human honest shape. Also in the education we shall have to pay a continuous effort to draw human honest aspect.

광고판매율 하락이 방송사 편성행위에 미치는 영향에 관한 연구

장병희 연세대학교 대학원 1998 국내석사

구조의 지도자로서의 목회자상과 지도력에 대한 연구

장병희 장로회신학대학교 1997 국내석사

현씨 양웅쌍린기 연구

장병희 안동대학교 교육대학원 2005 국내석사

김동인 장편 소설 연구

장병희 연세대 대학원 1984 국내박사