書堂의 敎育的 役割에 關한 硏究

오태석 嶺南大學校 1994 국내석사

MPEG 기반 비디오 인덱싱의 메타데이터 구현

오태석 서울시립대학교 대학원 2003 국내석사

실리콘 선 가공을 위한 미세 기계가공법에서의 hillock 형성과 media의 효과

오태석 연세대학교 대학원 2008 국내석사

Micro-fabrication techniques such as lithography process usually require large investment and are suitable for mass production. Therefore, maskless techniques that are flexible and more cost effective are developed. An example is a micro-mechanical machining. The method proposed in this work involves selective removal of a resist layer by mechanical machining using a cutting tip and a micro actuator. Then, chemical etching is performed to produce the micro pattern.In order to fabricate sub-micro patterns which cannot be readily fabricated using conventional mechanical machining process, tungsten tip and OTS-SAM are exploited in the fabrication process. The specimen used was silicon coated with SiO2 and OTS-SAM. Using the fabrication process described above, lines which have sub-micro pattern width could be successfully fabricated. On the other hand, lines could not be found on silicon specimen which has only SiO2 coating. This was because the tip penetrated the SiO2 layer, and hillock formation occurred due to silicon oxidation and non-crystallization.Further experiments were performed to understand the silicon oxidation and non-crystallization processes. It was found that deformation of the scratched area machined by tungsten tip increased the etching resistance against KOH. Therefore, hillocks were formed after KOH etching. Machining using a diamond tip caused the silicon to protrude upon scratching. Volume expansion by silicon oxidation and non-crystallization were considered to the reason for this phenomenon. Different tip radius and friction coefficient during mechanical machining can cause difference in the etching resistance of hillock between the tungsten and diamond tips. 최근 초정밀 기계 요소를 제작하는 가공 기술로는 반도체 제조 공정에서 흔히 사용되는 리소그래피 공정이 널리 사용되고 있으나, 공정 특성상 많은 자본과 시간을 필요로 하며 그 가공의 유연성도 떨어진다. 따라서 마스크가 필요 없는, 저렴하고 유연한 새로운 가공 기술이 개발되었으며, 기계가공법이 그 예이다. 기계 가공법은 실리콘 표면의 레지스트를, 가공 팁을 이용하여 기계적으로 제거함으로써 이 후 화학적 식각을 통해 미세 패턴을 형성하게 된다.이에 본 연구에서는 기존의 기계 가공법에서 가공할 수 없었던 폭 1 mm 이하의 실리콘 선 가공을 수행하고자, 새롭게 텅스텐 가공 팁과 자기조립 단분자막을 이용하였다. 단분자막과 산화막을 2중 마스크로 이용하여 폭 1 mm 이하의 실리콘 선을 가공하였다. 단분자막이 없는 경우, 팁이 산화막을 뚫고 들어가 실리콘에 직접 가공을 하며 실리콘 산화 및 비정질화를 야기시키며 hillock이 형성된다. 이러한 실리콘 표면과의 접촉 가공으로 발생하는 실리콘의 산화 및 비정질화에 관하여 실험을 수행하였다. 다이아몬드 팁을 이용한 가공에서는, 가공된 패턴 부분의 산화 및 비정질화가 되어 식각 특성이 달라졌다. 때문에 KOH 식각 후에 가공 부분은 hillock이 됨을 확인하였다. 텅스텐 팁을 이용한 실험에서는, 가공된 부분에 곧바로 hillock이 생성되었으며, 산화 및 비정질화된 실리콘의 부피 팽창으로 인한 현상으로 추정된다. 각기 다른 가공 팁으로 형성된 hillock은 서로 식각 저항성이 달랐으며, 이는 실험시 마찰계수와 팁의 반경 차이로 인해 산화 및 비정질화된 정도가 다르기 때문으로 사료된다.

특수학교 교사의 직무만족도와 정신건강에 대한 지각수준 연구

오태석 대구대학교 교육대학원 1993 국내석사

삼차원적 인체계측을 통한 일측성 구순비 변형환자에서 상구순비대칭성의 인지

오태석 울산대학교 2011 국내석사

연구목적 일측성 구순비변형 환자의 구순부 비대칭성의 평가는 사진계측을 통한 좌우측 해부학적 지표의 비교에 의해서 이루어져 왔다. 그러나 이는 2차원적인 측정으로 입체적인 안면부의 실제 거리와 차이가 난다. 이에 3D VECTRA 시스템을 이용하여 촬영 후 상구순 해부학적 지표의 3차원 곡면거리와 기존의 인체계측학적인 직선거리의 좌우비를 구하고 이를 평가자에 의해서 점수 매겨진 환자사진의 비대칭 정도의 점수와 비교하여 상관관계를 분석하여 3차원적인 인체계측법이 기존의 사진계측법에 비하여 비대칭성을 더 잘 반영하는지를 알아보고자 하였다. 재료 및 방법 일측성 구순열을 가져서 입술성형술을 받은 30명의 환자를 대상으로 하였다. 남자는 16명, 여자는 14명이었고 나이는 1세에서부터 20세까지였으며 구순열의 위치는 우측이 10명, 좌측이 20명이었다. 상구순 비대칭성의 평가는 Canfield사의 3D VECTRA 시스템(Version 7.2.4)을 이용한 계측을 통하여 이루어졌다. 우선 각각의 환자를 대상으로 삼차원의 사진을 촬영한 이후 상구순 비대칭성을 평가하기 위해서 입꼬리에서 큐피트활의 최고점까지의 곡면거리의 좌우비(Qcb)와 비익부 최저점까지의 곡면거리의 좌우비(Qab)를 구하였으며 2차원적인 사진상 입꼬리에서 큐피트활의 최고점까지의 직선거리의 좌우비(Lcb)와 비익부 최저점까지의 직선거리의 좌우비(Lab)를 구하였다. 그리고 이들 각각을 30명의 환자사진에 대하여 10명의 성형외과 전공의가 visual analogue scale로 3회에 걸쳐서 평가한 비대칭성 점수의 평균과 비교하여 상관관계를 분석하였다. 결과 30명의 환자를 대상으로 10명의 평가자가 매긴 visual analogue scale의 평가자내 신뢰성(Intrarater reliability)은 0.653에서 0.925였으며 평가자간 신뢰성(Interrater reliability)은 0.611로 신뢰할 수 있는 결과를 얻을 수 있었으며 각 환자의 visual analogue scale의 평균치와 Qcb 및 Qab의 피어슨 상관계수 및 p값은 각각 0.412와 0.024 그리고 0.250과 0.182로 나왔으며 Lcb및 Lab의 피어슨 상관계수 및 p값은 각각 0.214와 0.018 그리고 0.356와 0.153으로 입꼬리에서 큐피트활의 최고점까지의 곡면거리비(Qab)가 직선거리의 좌우비(Lcb)에 비하여 visual analogue scale과 유의하게 뚜렷한 양의 상관관계를 가지고 있음을 알 수 있었다. 결론 3D VECTRA 시스템을 이용하여 일측성 구순비변형 환자에서 구순부 비대칭성의 평가를 위해 측정한 상구순 해부학적 지표의 측정은 2차원적인 사진계측에 비해서 보다 실제적인 측정이며 이는 평가자에 의해서 매겨진 주관적인 비대칭성의 인지정도와 관련하여 기존의 2차원적인 사진계측법에 비하여 더 뚜렷한 연관성을 가지고 있어서 삼차원적인 인체계측법을 임상에 유용하게 적용해 볼 수 있다. 영문요약 Purpose Analysis of upper lip asymmetry in unilateral cleft lip deformity patients has been performed with photographic anthropometry. But photographic measurement value which is 2 dimensional is different from the real value. Three dimesional image using 3D VECTRA system(Canfield, NJ, USA) was captured and calculation of the ratio of cleft and non-cleft side curvature length of upper lip was done. This study showed to evaluate which one represents the upper lip asymmetry better comparing this curvature ratio and linear ratio with visual analogue scale of upper lip asymmetry respectively. Materials and methods In 30 patients with unilateral cleft lip, male was 14. The age was ranged from 1 to 20 years. The affected side was right in 10 patients. 3D VECTRA system was used to capture and analyze patient upper lip asymmetry. The curvature length ratio from commissure to the heighst point of cupid’s bow(Qcb) and the lowest point of ala(Qab) was calculated. Comparing these ratio and linear length ratio(Lcb/Lab) with visual analogue scale of upper lip asymmetry which was valued by 10 plastic surgeon was done. Results Intrarater reliability on VAS(visual analogue scale) was ranged from 0.653 to 0.925 and interrater reliability was 0.611. Pearson;s correlation coefficient between curvature length ratio Qcb/Qab and VAS were 0.412/0.250(p=0.024/0.182). Coefficient between linear length ratio Lcb/Lab and VAS was 0.214/0.356(p=0.018/0.153). Correlation between curvature length ratio and VAS is more stronger than linear length ratio. Conclusion Analysis of upper lip asymmetry in unilateral cleft lip nose patient using 3D VECTRA system is more close to the real value than 2 dimensional anthrophometry. The 3 dimesional anthropometry using 3 dimensional system is more associated with visual analogue scale on facial asymmetry more strongly. Clinical implication of 3 dimesional anthropometry is promising.

단백질 및 유전자 분석을 통한 골격근의 비만 관련 바이오마커 발굴에 관한 연구 : Proteomic and genomic analysis of skeletal muscle for mining biomarkers for gender difference in obesity

오태석 대구대학교 대학원 2012 국내석사

Chapter 1. Gender dimorphism in skeletal muscle proteome between lean and diet-induced obese rats The purpose of this study was to develop a global view of gender-dependent protein abundance changes in skeletal muscle (soleus and gastrocnemius) of lean and HFD-induced obese rats. For examination of differential expression of proteins between gender and diet, 2-DE-based proteomic analysis of skeletal muscle were conducted, and approximately 390 (soleus) and 400 (gastrocnemius) individual protein spots were detected, ranging from 15 to 240 kDa mass between pH 3 and 10. A total of 48 proteins among 790 spots were identified with high confidence by MALDI-TOF/MS and database searches. Our gender-specific proteome comparison showed that male and female rats present different patterns of proteome regulation, for instance for the proteins involved in muscle contraction, carbohydrate and lipid metabolism, oxidative phosphorylation, as well as detoxification and antioxidant defenses. In particular, abundance of many myofibrillar filamentous proteins that are responsible for generating the physical movement of muscles was significantly higher in males in both normal and HFD diet. Some of them indicated reduced abundance upon HFD feeding in both genders, suggesting that high fat loading is associated with perturbations of myofibrillar network. Most of the glycolytic proteins identified here was less abundant in females, which could be consistent with either a greater reliance on lipid oxidation in females or a fiber type gender dimorphism. Apart from proteomic study, our Western blot analysis revealed that higher abundance of FAS and lower protein levels of UCPs, pAMPK, GLUT4, SOD2, catalase in HFD male rats might play a pivotal role in increased body weight gain together with lower metabolic, thermogenic, and antioxidative capacities. In conclusion, most of the candidate proteins identified herein by differential proteomics were previously unrecognized in gender dimorphism of skeletal muscle. The gender dimorphism found in this proteomic study could point towards a higher tendency of male rats to undergo metabolic syndrome manifestation associated with higher reliance on lipid as an energy fuel, lower antioxidative capacity, decreased energy expenditure despite of higher contractile protein expression. Our data can serve as basis for specific evidence-based interventions allowing prevention, treatment of obesity by matching the different needs of women and men such as development of gender medicine. Chapter 2. DNA microarray analysis reveals differential gene expression in the soleus muscle between male and female rats exposed to a high fat diet It is well recognized that diet-induced dysfunctions in skeletal muscle are closely related with many metabolic diseases, such as obesity and diabetes. In the present study, we identified global changes in gender-dependent gene expressions in the soleus muscle of lean and obese rats fed a high fat diet (HFD), using DNA microarray analysis. Prior to microarray analysis, the body weight gains were found to be higher in male HFD rats than the female HFD rats. To better understand the detailed phenotypic differences in response to HFD feeding, we identified differential gene expression in soleus muscle between the genders. To this end, we extracted and summarized the genes that were up- or down-regulated more than 1.5-fold between the genders in the microarray data. As expected, a greater number of genes encoding myofibrillar proteins and glycolytic proteins were expressed higher in males than females when exposed to HFD, reflecting greater muscular activity and higher capacity for utilizing glucose as an energy fuel. However, a series of genes involved in oxidative metabolism and cellular defenses were more up-regulated in females than males. These results allowed us to conclude that compared to males, females have greater fat clearing capacity in skeletal muscle through the activation of genes encoding enzymes for fat oxidation. In conclusion, our microarray data provide a better understanding of the molecular events underlying gender dimorphism in soleus muscle, and will provide valuable information in improving gender awareness in the health care system. 1. 비만이 될 때 성별에 따른 근육 단백질 발현의 차이 본 연구에서는 쥐가 고지방 식이에 의해 비만이 유도될 때 골격근에서 남녀 간의 근육 단백질의 변화 양상을 조사하였다. 골격근에서 2차원 전기영동 방법을 이용하여 분석한 결과 790개의 단백질 중 48개의 단백질이 큰 차이를 보였다. 특히 근육활동에 관련된 단백질들은 일반 식이와 고지방 식이를 처리한 수컷 쥐 모두에서 발현 양이 많았다. 대부분의 동정된 당분해 관련 단백질은 암컷 쥐에서 발현 양이 적었고, 이것은 암컷이 지방을 우선적으로 에너지원으로 사용했다는 것을 암시한다. 뿐만 아니라 면역분석법을 통해 고지방 식이를 처리한 수컷 쥐의 골격근의 특정 단백질 (UCPs, pAMPK, GLUT4, SOD2, catalase)의 발현 양을 비교하였고, 해당 단백질의 변화가 체중 증가뿐만 아니라 대사율, 열생성, 항산화 능력이 낮아진 것에 영향을 준 것으로 추측된다. 요약하면, 수컷 쥐는 고지방 식이에 노출되었을 때 근육 수축 단백질이 많이 발현되었음에도 불구하고 낮은 항산화 능력과 에너지 소비율을 보였고 따라서 암컷 쥐에 비해 비만이 더 잘 유도되었다. 이러한 결과는 비만의 예방과 치료에 있어서 남녀 간의 차이에 따라 차별된 접근법이 필요하다는 증거를 제시할 것으로 사료된다. 2. 고지방 식이에 노출 된 쥐의 골격근에서 성별에 따라 차이를 보이는 유전자의 분석 식이에 기인한 근육의 기능장애는 비만과 당뇨와 같은 대사질환과 밀접한 연관이 있다. 본 연구에서는 고지방 식이를 섭취한 쥐의 골격근에서 성별에 따라 차이를 보이는 유전자를 DNA microarray 기술을 사용하여 분석하였다. 고지방 식이를 취한 수컷 쥐가 암컷 쥐에 비해 체중증가율이 높았다. 고지방 식이에 따른 이러한 차이점을 보다 잘 이해하기 위해서 골격근에서 성별에 따라 발현 차이를 보이는 유전자를 발굴하였다. 그 중 1.5 배 이상의 차이를 보이는 유전자를 따로 선별하였다. 예상했던 것과 같이 근섬유 단백질과 당분해 관련 단백질을 지정하는 유전자가 고지방 식이 후 암컷 쥐보다 수컷 쥐에서 발현 양이 높았다. 그리고 이것은 수컷 쥐의 근육활동과 당분해 능력이 높다는 것을 반영한다. 하지만 산화적 대사와 세포 방어에 관련된 유전자들은 암컷 쥐에서 발현 양이 높았다. 이러한 결과를 토대로 수컷 쥐에 비해 암컷의 근육에서 지방 산화에 관련된 효소를 지정하는 유전자가 활성화 되었다는 사실을 유추할 수 있다. 본 연구 결과는 골격근에서 성별에 따라 차이를 보이는 유전자의 변화를 이해하는데 도움을 줄 것으로 기대된다.

建設業의 收益 및 費用의 認識과 測定에 關한 硏究

오태석 培材大學校 大學院 1998 국내석사

공중위협의 변화에 따른 한국군 방공전력의 적절성 분석 : 미사일 방어의 필요성을 중심으로

오태석 국민대학교 정치대학원 2012 국내석사

The object of this paper is to analyze the appropriateness of Korean Army's air defense to prepare for future war and to fight against the changes in air threat by stressing the necessity of missile defense. This paper analyzes the examples of how other nations confronted against the air threat through theoretical examination of recent precedents and changes in air threat. Based on this analysis, it reevaluates the appropriateness of Korean Army's air defense and provides a direction to prepare for the air threat (missile). This paper raises the awareness of air threat and stresses the importance of air defense. Also, It analyzes today's Korean Army's air defense force, and by providing a direction to react actively to the changes in air threat, it offers a guidance to build up the strength of our force.

야학운동의 지역사회복지 증진에 관한 역할 : 야학운동 참여자 사례 연구

오태석 신라대학교 2002 국내석사

Evening class has one hundred-year-history in the Korean society. It led a national and popular education in the period of Japanese Imperialism. Through a reconstruction and a local school as a part of national reconstruction movement of 1960s after the Independence, the necessity of laboring evening class came to be appeared being an eyewitness of laborers' life with Patriot Taeil Chun's suicide by burning himself. The phenomenon came out that people who were deprived of chances to get an education plunged into job-sites due to the economic inequality from a structural contradiction of Korean capitalistic society. The evening class focused on training laborers' awareness in order to build many laborers' social senses. Since 1990s, the purpose of class was to merely pass living knowledge in an education form for qualification examinations, losing its course due to the diversification of participants in evening classes. Thus, the history of evening classes has a large flow. However, the Korean society defines the evening class movement only by looking its external appearance. Nevertheless, I think that the most important thing in an evening class movement is to see the people's life who participated in the class. Analyzing the effects of evening class movement to an individual while student participants who were socially treated discriminatingly because they could not learn and college students who had only criticism to the society met directly and lived together, I think it would be helpful to look into how they contributed in promoting welfare of local community in order to set the direction that evening classes will go forward in future. Hereupon, with research targets of total 10 people, 7 students who participated in an evening class movement and 3 teachers, personal depth interviews were executed in this research. The interviews were classified into the situation; before participating in an evening class movement, the process to participate in an evening class and the adaptation to local societies after participating in an evening class. It can make us figure out fundamental reasons to participate in an evening class, and then, its influences in an individual's life and what changes were brought in an individual's life after participation. These are to see how an evening class can contribute to people in a local community through case study of these interviews. As a result of the interview, the reasons that student participants did not get a scholarship was mainly divided into two. The one is the sexual harrassment to women because of Korean paterfamilias systems and the other is an economic reason. They had jobs such as production, simple service, delivery, etc. and experienced discriminative treatments, senses of alienation, and inconveniency of relationship. Finally, they came to the evening class with the purpose of increasing the scholarship. It was general for teachers to participate in the evening class in a view of social movement. By participating in the evening class, they showed a positive attitude in treating all the people equally, without sorting teachers from students. However, there were some negative responses such as teacher's insincere attitude, discordance between his words and action, comrades' stop in the middle. In the initial stage, there were some complaints in deficient classes compared with an education institution for qualification examination and in the way of evening class, but it became to be understood as time went by. Especially, experiences in outing and group activities as an outside class for people who could not attend in a regular school and self-confidence for making a harmonious relationship among people who were lack of relations with others were the most biggest outcome for them. Through this experience in an evening class movement, they have got to seek the work that they wanted to do and did not feel any social difficulties from the lack of scholarship. We can see the significance of evening class movement as an activity for promoting welfare of local community based on the result of analyzing the interviews with participants and based on the practical activities from the history of evening class movement. First, in the process that residents participated in, they became to get an active attitude toward their life from a passive attitude and admitted self-esteem in voluntary effort to recognize and solve individual and social problems and in a participant's joint care and interest. This has a meaning to remove the risk of making favorees passive and dependable in asocial welfare service while the nation provided social welfare service to them. Second, local residents' various demands came to be out for education arriving in 1990s. Wisdom for living, belated demand for scholarship, positiveness for child education, and youth who got only halfway from inadjustability to systemized education are looking for their own way to comply with their demand. To accede to these various demands, the evening class has been in charge of the role of welfare facilities while arranging new alternative businesses such as Hangul class, class for housewives, study business, education for youth who escaped from school. The evening class movement should correspond to continuous social problems in future as well as has been taken its place to solve social problems demanded for ages in accordance with social changes with a measure of education. The current evening classes has its own significance for having a change toward a local society education center and for taking the role of promoting definite local society businesses jointly with local society organizations as a way of promoting social welfare.

비정상 와류 격자법을 이용한 항공기 트림 및 공탄성 응답 해석

오태석 한국항공대학교 대학원 2021 국내석사

In this paper, a program that performs aeroelastic analysis using the unsteady vortex lattice method, which is a penel method among the linear aerodynamic analysis method in the time domain, was prepared for the fluid structure coupled analysis of an aircraft assumed as a flexible body. First, to verify the program, aeroelastic analysis is performed on the fixed wing and fixed wing with control surface and the results are compared with commercial aeroelastic analysis programs such as MSC.Nastran, ZAERO and Inhouse Code DHM(Doublet Hybrid Method). Eigen mode shape and natural frequency were calculated by performing free vibration analysis using MSC.Nastran. Harmonic oscillation method was used to convert the unsteady aerodynamic force calculated in the time domain into frequency domain. Computed eigen mode shape is forced to harmonic excitation to calculate generalized aerodynamic coefficient matrix in the frequency domain and perform aeroelastic analysis using Vg, PK mehod. Next, the aeroelastic response in the time domain was confirmed by numerically integrating the aeroelastic equation in the form of a state space connected with the vortex lattice method while changing the dynamic pressure. Also, the change of the flutter speed in the time domain according to the number of grids, the calculation time, and the linearity of the aeroelastic response according to the initial conditions were confirmed. Through the fluid structure coupled analysis program in the time domain, when the aircraft is assumed to be a rigid body and a flexible body, a straight level flight and a pull-up according to the load factor are started respectively. Trim analysis was performed on and the results of the trim analysis were compared. Using the fluid structure coupled analysis program in the time domain, trim analysis was performed and the results were compared for straight level flight and pull-up maneuvering according to load factor for the case where the aircraft was assumed to be rigid and flexible, respectively. Through the calculated trim results, the maneuver leading to 3g pull up during straight level flight was simulated, and the deformation, motion, and load analysis of the structure according to the aeroelastic response was performed and compared. As a result, it can be seen that there is a difference between the results of the trim analysis and the load analysis in the case of the aircraft assumed to be rigid and the actual flexible body. 본 연구에서는 유연체로 가정한 항공기의 유체-구조 연계 해석을 위해 시간 영역에서 선형 공기력 해석 방법 중 패널법인 비정상 와류 격자법을 이용하여 공탄성 해석을 수행하는 프로그램을 작성하였다. 먼저, 해당 프로그램의 검증을 위해 일반적인 고정익과 조종면을 고려한 고정익에 대하여 주파수 영역 및 시간 영역에서 공탄성 해석을 수행하고 그 결과를 상용 공탄성 해석 프로그램인 MSC.Nastran, ZAERO 그리고 Inhouse-Code로 DHM(Doublet Hybrid Method)을 이용해 비교 검증하였다. 모달 좌표계에서 수행하기 위해 MSC.Nastran을 이용하여 자유 진동 해석을 수행고 고유 모드 및 고유 주파수를 계산하였다. 시간 영역에서 계산되는 공기력을 주파수 영역으로 변환하기 위해 조화가진법을 사용하였다. 계산된 고유 모드를 강제 조화 가진 시켜 주파수 영역에서의 일반화된 공기력 영향 계수 행렬을 구하고, Vg, PK방법을 이용해 공탄성 해석을 수행하였다. 다음으로, 와류 격자법과 연계된 상태 공간 형태의 공탄성 방정식을 동압을 바꿔가며 수치 적분하여 시간 영역에서의 공탄성 응답을 확인하였다. 또한 격자 개수에 따른 시간 영역에서의 플러터 속도의 변화와 계산 시간 그리고 초기 조건에 따른 공탄성 응답의 선형성을 확인하였다. 작성된 시간 영역에서의 유체-구조 연계 해석 프로그램을 통해 항공기를 강체로 가정한 경우, 유연체로 가정한 경우에 대하여 각각 수평 직선 비행(Straight Level Flight)과 하중 배수에 따른 풀 업(3g Pull Up) 기동에 대하여 트림 해석을 수행하여 트림 해석 결과를 비교하였다. 계산된 트림 결과를 통해 수평 직선 비행 중 3g Pull Up으로 이어지는 기동을 모사하여 공탄성 응답에 따른 구조물의 변형, 운동 그리고 하중 해석을 수행 및 비교하였다. 그 결과로 강체로 가정한 항공기와 실제 유연체로 가정한 경우 트림 해석 결과와 하중 해석 결과에 차이가 있음을 확인하였다.