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      • 현장발생토사 CLSM을 이용한 유리섬유 복합관의 거동특성에 관한 연구

        송창섭 경성대학교 대학원 2004 국내석사

        RANK : 247631

        An existing Steel pipe, Cast iron pipe and Concrete pipe have been aged or corrupted. Especially, metal tube has problems including rusting of the pipe. The othe. side, the Plastic Pipe(GRP PIPE) should be one of the possible scheme to overcome these problems. The GRP pipe has an excellent resistance for rust and durability for more than 50 years. It is easy to install in the underground due to its light weight. In this research, the stress-strain relationship of GRP pipe with different backfill materials, that natural sand, in-situ soil, and CLSM with recycled in-situ soil was evaluated by a conventional method for Spangler and Marston, a small-scaled model test, a full-scaled field test, and FEM analysis with PENTAGON-3D program. From the model test in laboratory, the vertical and horizontal deformation of the GRP pipe were measured using 200mm and 300mm in diameter. The vertical and horizontal deformation of CLSM backfills showed the smaller values than that of the others. In case of vertical and lateral earth pressure, CLSM backfill did the lowest values, almost going down "0". The FEM analysis represented the similar trends for deformation and earth pressure, but the absolute values did not show the bigger difference than the laboratory test and in-situ test. Judging from the limited tests, the CLSM with recycled in-situ siol should be one of the possible backfilling materials for underground structures.

      • 원주 단면의 축대칭 단조-압출에 關한 硏究

        宋昌燮 충남대학교 1999 국내석사

        RANK : 247631

        The internal deformation under the axi-symmetric condition of the semi-closed die forging is studied theoretically and experimentally. In the experiment the square grid technique which is called visioplasticity method is employed to measure the distortion and the displacement. A specially designed equipment is used for the experimental purposes. It was observed that the deformation modes and workability are influenced by the tool geometric configuration and specimen dimensions. Theoretically, the Kobayashi's admissible velocity field is generalized for the first time to compare with experimental data.

      • 태권도 지도자의 지도행동 유형과 성취목표지향성 및 지도효율성의 관계

        송창섭 한국체육대학교 2010 국내석사

        RANK : 247631

        본 연구는 태권도 지도자의 지도행동유형과 성취목표지향성 및 지도효율성의 관계를 실증적으로 구명하는데 그 목적이 있다. 2010년 현재 서울과 경기도에 소재한 태권도 도장에서 태권도를 수련하는 초등학교에 재학 중인 남·여학생을 모집단으로 선정한 후 연구대상은 312명을 표집하였다. 자료수집을 위한 도구로서 지도행동유형 질문지는 이봉춘(2002)이 사용한 설문지를 본 연구에 적합하게 수정·보완하여 재구성하였고, 성취목표지향성 질문지는 Duda(1992)와 성창훈(1995)이 사용한 설문지를 본 연구에 적합하게 수정·보완하여 재구성하였으며, 지도효율성 질문지는 Duda & Nicholls(1989)에 의해 개발된 스포츠 성취목표지향척도로서 성창훈(1995)이 사용한 설문지를 본 연구에 적합하게 수정·보완하여 재구성하였다. 본 연구의 측정도구 신뢰도인 Cronbach's α 값은 .613~.805의 분포로 나타났다. 조사절차는 해당 지역을 직접 방문하여 자기평가 기입법(self-administering method)으로 설문지를 완성하게 한 후 회수된 자료는 유효 표본만을 Windows 용 SPSS/PC+ 15.0 Version을 이용하여 일원변량분석(one-way ANOVA)과 표준중다회귀분석(standard multiple regression analysis)을 실시하였다. 이러한 연구방법과 절차를 통하여 태권도 지도자의 지도행동유형과 성취목표지향성 및 지도효율성의 관계를 분석한 결과 다음과 같은 결론을 얻었다. 첫째, 인구통계학적 특성에 따른 지도행동유형과 성취목표지향성 및 지도효율성은 부분적으로 유의한 차이가 있었다. 둘째, 태권도 수련생의 지도행동유형 인식은 성취목표지향성에 유의한 영향을 미친다. 즉 지도행동유형의 하위변인인 지시학습과 과제학습은 성취목표지향성의 모든 하위변인인 과제지향과 자아지향에 긍정적인 영향을 미치고, 상호학습은 성취목표지향성의 하위변인인 과제지향에 긍정적인 영향을 미친다. 셋째, 태권도 수련생의 지도행동유형 인식은 지도효율성에 유의한 영향을 미친다. 즉 지도행동유형의 하위변인인 과제학습과 상호학습은 지도효율성의 모든 하위변인인 인지된 기능향상과 인지된 지도만족에 긍정적인 영향을 미치고, 지시학습은 지도효율성의 하위변인인 인지된 지도만족에 긍정적인 영향을 미친다. 넷째, 태권도 수련생의 성취목표지향성은 지도효율성에 유의한 영향을 미친다. 즉 성취목표지향성의 하위변인인 과제지향은 지도효율성의 모든 하위변인인 인지된 기능향상과 인지된 지도만족에 긍정적인 영향을 미치고, 자아지향은 지도효율성의 하위변인인 인지된 지도만족에 긍정적인 영향을 미친다.

      • 아파트 單位 住居 平面의 空間構成에 관한 硏究 : 大邱地域을 中心으로

        송창섭 慶北産業大學校 産業大學院 1996 국내석사

        RANK : 247631

        현재 한국에 있어서 都市問題 중 가장 심각한 문제로 인식되고 있는 주택 문제는 어느 정도 한계성에 이르고 있으며, 이와같은 주택문제 해결에는 이미 양적인 주택공급은 한계에 다다르고 실질적인 고려는 상당히 도외시 되는 실정이다. 그러므로 量的供給의 추세에 밀려 주거환경의 質的인 측면의 고려가 요구되는 현실이다. 따라서 아파트가 지속적으로 도시주택의 대표적 유형으로 재역활을 다하기 위해서는 기존 아파트의 재평가와 아울러 여러가지 평면적 시도가 선행되어야 할 것이다. 이러한 인식을 바탕으로 대구지역 90년대 아파트의 計劃的 特性과 變化性을 살펴보고 定量的 分析方法을 통해 주거계획의 基礎的 資料提供과 發展的 方向을 모색한 본 연구의 결과를 요약하면, 1. 대구지역의 아파트 보급은 60년대말부터 출발하여 政策, 經濟, 人口 및 生活樣式의 變化 등의 變因要素에 의해 형성되어 왔다. 2. 대구지역 아파트의 供給特性은 60년대 소규모(10-15평형)에서 출발하여 70년대 아파트 선호도 증가에 따라 規模의 擴大 및 都市住居形態로 정착되었으며 80년대는 평면유형 방향의 모색 및 固定化 傾向을보였다. 90년대에 들어서면서 고정화를 탈피하기 위한 多樣化 摸索의 시기라 생각할 수 있다. 3. 單位住戶의 平面構成變化는 單位室의 구성내용이 변화를 주도해 왔으며 그 내용은 안방기능의 分離, 居室의 獨立性 確保, 식당과 부엌의 분리 및 발코니의 內部空間化로 축약할 수 있다. 4. 단위평면계획은 劃一性을 가지고 出入通路形式에 의해 그 基本骨格이 형성된다. 5. 전체적으로 기존 아파트는 면적에 따라 평면계획이 변화되는 것이 아니라 劃一的이고 고정된 평면형에 각 세대의 면적을 맞추는 경향을 보이고 있다. 6. 規模性에 관계된 디자인 決定變數로 寢室數와 寢室延面積, 專用面積, 單位平面의 幅 등 5개 변수로 構成因子가 형성되며, 空間配分構成因子 구성은 단위평면의 깊이, 부엌구성방식 및 전면실구성방식이 한 그룹을 형성한다. 7. 현재 아파트 평면을 대상으로 한 기본주성패턴 결과는 규모에 관계된 구성패턴이 지배적인 것으로 분석결과 나타났다. 이상과 같은 연구결과는 아파트가 도시주거형태로 정착했음에도 불구하고 디자인 決定要素를 다루는 방법에서 使用과 住居의 槪念이 명확치 못함을 보여주고 있다. 앞으로 건설된 아파트의 설계방향은 획일적이고 고정된 관념에서 탈피하여 다양한 居住者의 選擇의 幅을 높일 수 있는 다양성과 可變性을 가미한 사용자 위주의 공급방식을 기초로 한 아파트 평면계획이 이루어져야 할 것이다. 그러나 본 연구는 다음과 같은 한계성으로 인하여 향후의 연구 과제에서 보완되어야 할 필요성 요구된다. 1. 본 연구의 연구과정은 確率的槪念을 根據로하기 때문에 時期的 空間的으로 한정된 범위의 자료를 채택하여 결과에 대한 限界性을 지니고 있다. 2. 住居에 대한 意味 및 象徵的인 면을 배제한 까닭에 평면구성요인분석에 있어서 物理的 側面만 분석하였다. 따라서 앞으로 記號學이나 民俗學, 行態學 등의 隣近學文과의 接木이 요구된다. Currently the housing problem has been considered the most serious among urban problems in Korea and are reaching its limitation to some extent. In addition, the qualitative housing supply to solve this problem has been already showing its limit. But other matters to be actually considered are nearly neglected. It is required, therefore, to consider qualitative elements of residential environment which has been made light of due to quantitative housing supply till now. Accordingly it is essential to perform various plane attempts as well as revaluation of conventional apartments so that the apartments can continue to play a typical role as type of urban housing. Based on these understandings, this study was carried out to examine plane characteristic and change of apartments in Taegu in 1990s and to offer basic data of housing plan through quantitative analysis. The results of this study are summarized as follows. 1. Having started from the end of 1960s, supply of apartments in Taegu has been formed by various factors of change in policy, economy, population, life style, etc. 2. In supply characteristics of apartments in Taegu, the apartments were mainly composed of small types of size between10 pyong and 15 pyong in 1960s. In 1970s they increased in their size and were recognized as one of urban residential types according to increased preference to apartment, and in 1980s they showed a regular trend in pursuit of plane types. It can bethought that the 1990s is the time when diversification of apartment is being made to break from its regular type. 3. The composition contents of unit floor have dominated changes in plane composition of unit floor, and these contents can be summarized as follows separation of function of main room, securing individuality of living room, separation of kitchen from dining room and use of balcony as a inner space. 4. The basic structure of unit planning is formed by uniform type of access passage. 5 . It was shown that for conventional apartments, unit planning is not changed by their area and area of each unit floor is adapted to uniform and fixed type of plane. 6 . Design determinants relating to size consist of such five factors as number of bed room, area of bed room, private area, width of unit plane, and a group of composition factors of spatial distribution are composed of depth of unit plane and composition type of kitchen and front room. 7. It was also shown that basic composition patterns of apartment plane dominantly relates to its size. From the above results of this study, it appears that although the apartment has been recognized as one of urban residential types, concepts of use and residence are not definite in dealing with design determinants. By breaking from uniform and fixed design, the planning of apartment plane should bc done on the basis of user-centered supply pattern to which diversification and variability are added, so that wider range of selection can be available to residents. However, this study have to be supplemented through further study because of the following limitations. 1. As the process of this study was based on a probability concept, somewhat limited information and data available was collected and thus the results of this study also had its limitations. 2. As meaning and abstract aspects of residence were excluded, physical aspects were mainly used in analysing factors of plane composition. Therefore, it is required to combine this study with related studies such as symbology, folklore, behavioral science, etc.

      • 3차원 시뮬레이션을 활용한 중조 블록에서의 용접사 근골격계질환 위험 감소 방안 연구

        송창섭 한국해양대학교 대학원 2008 국내석사

        RANK : 247631

        Welders in shipbuilding yards often do their job with squatting postures owing to the complexity and limited space of ship block. Especially, welding conducted in the head of the ship block, semi-block, and block assembly depends on welders due to low rate of automatic welding. Because of this, welders are always exposed to the risk of musculoskeletal disorders. Simulation can minimize waste of time and money according to improved working environment and changed progress of work. Therefore, to prevent these diseases, the author evaluated welders’ postures with digital simulation. And the author not only improve welders’ working environment in the virtual space but also assessed the result with simulation. RULA assessment technique was utilized to analyze welders’ postures. This study has modeled modeling of simulation using the concept of PPR which is composed Product, Process and Resource. And the researcher compared existing assessment techniques with current assessment techniques of human engineering to examine accuracy of digital simulation. Because PPR was saved and managed by the manufacturing hub, Product and Process were modified easily besides various data were easy to manage. Additionally, graphs showing major physical movement of welders were presented in this study; these graphs allow us to objectively comprehend the effect of welders’ posture improvement.

      • 영어의 간접화법과 의미전달

        송창섭 한신문화사 1988 국내박사

        RANK : 247631

        Indirect speech is a means of reporting original speaker's meaning in a reporter's own speech. In literature, however, person, space, and time deictic expressions have been referred to for the most part in the description of indirect speech, and even these deictic expressions in indirect speech have not been examined taking the context of situation into consideration. Furthermore, there has not been any study of how conversational implicatures conveyed by the utterances of exclamatory sentences, amorphous sentences, and discourse particles are reported in indirect speech in terms of context of situation. To deal with these problems a new approach is attempted to examine indirect speech, taking into consideration the context of situation in which the original speaker (OS), the reporter (R), and the addressee (A) are involved. Therefore, in Chapter g the important theoretical notions such as context of situation, the Grician Cooperative Principle, and Bach & Harnish's Speech Act Schema, which the new approach is based on, are introduced. Contexts of situation in which OS' utterance is reported are classified into three cases. Firstly, there is the case in which OS, R, and A are sharing the context of situation on the spot of conversation, and in this case they are sharing the center (here-and- now) of the deictic context. Secondly, even though they are not sharing the center of the deictic context, there is the case in which they are sharing the general context of situation including the background knowledge. Thirdly, there is the situation in which they are not sharing any contextual information about the context of situation in which an utterance occurs. Among the contextual elements that constitute the context of situation, the speaker, the addressee, time, and space are the most important elements, and if the coordinates of these elements are not fixed, the conveyance of meaning is difficult. Therefore, the successful report of OS' conveyed meaning depends upon the successful report of OS' deictic expressions such as person, time, and space deixis. To examine this, Chapter III deals with the ways of how these deictic expressions are reported in indirect speech in context of situation, and derives the Indirect Speech Tacts I-VI. Chapters IV and V deal with exclamatory sentences, amorphous sentences, and discourse particles. The speaker expresses feelings or psychological attitudes towards a certain object, regardless of whether it is a thing, an event, or a linguistic meaning. To deal with these, the new term 'attitudinal deixis' is introduced, and such expressions are called attitudinal deictic utterances. When a speaker utters one of these expression he retains some or most of the conveyed meaning in his private world. However, he relates his utterance to the object through his attitudinal deictic act, and his addressee can infer the speaker's conveyed meaning based on the Grician Maxim of Relation in the context of situation. Therefore, the presence or absence of the sharedness of context of situation by OS, R, and A plays an important role in the reporting process. The phenomenon of how these attitudinal utterances are reported in context of situation is examined case by case, and some General Tact of Indirect Report I and Indirect Speech Tact III are derived from this examination. In Chapter VI, how the conversational implicatures conveyed by the utterances with descriptive meaning are reported through indirect speech in context of situation is examined, and the General Tact of Indirect report II and Indirect Speech Tact VII-IX are derived from this examination. The derivation of these Tacts finalizes the series of Indirect Report Tacts and Indirect Speech Tacts. In terms of these Tacts, the phenom- enon of the distortion of meaning through the indirect report is examined in context of situation, and it is concluded that the distortion of meaning is caused by the violation of these General Tacts and Indirect Speech Tacts. This, in turn, causes the violation of the Grician Maxims, and finally the conclusion is reached that these Indirect Report Tacts are ruled by the Grician Cooperative Principle and its Maxims.

      • NK 세포 활성도 측정에서 휴대용 배양기의 안정성 평가

        송창섭 서남대학교 대학원 2017 국내박사

        RANK : 247631

        NK 세포 활성도의 측정은 인체의 면역력을 확인하는 유용한 지표로 활용되고 있지만 측정 방법인 세포독성시험법은 높은 가격과 많은 시간, 그리고 전문 인력을 필요로 하였다. 이러한 가운데 국내 기업인 A사가 개발한 효소면역측정법(ELISA)의 NK 세포 활성도 측정검사는 기존 세포독성시험법에 비하여 비용, 시간 등 여러 측면에서 많은 경제적 이익을 가질 수 있었다. 그러나 ELISA법의 측정방법의 특성상 검체를 한 번에 여러 건 측정하지 못하면 여전히 비용이 많이 드는 한계가 있었고 이를 극복하기 위한 방법으로 여러 기관의 검체를 모아서 한 번에 여러 건의 검사를 진행할 수 있도록 수탁기관을 통한 NK 세포 활성도 검사를 하는 방법이 대안으로 제시되었다. 이 방법은 검체를 24시간 배양해야하기 때문에 검체를 체취한 후 24시간 배양 후 검체를 냉장 또는 냉동 보관하였다가 수탁기관으로 보내는 방법으로 검사를 진행하였다. 그러나 이러한 방법은 소요시간이 길어지고, 검체를 냉동하는 것은 정확한 NK 세포 활성도 측정에 있어서 바람직한 방법은 아니었다. 이러한 이유로 검체를 채취하여 배양하면서 검체를 이동할 수 있는 휴대용 배양기가 필요하게 되었다. 휴대용 배양기는 시중에 판매되는 휴대용 단열상자를 이용하여 제작하였으며 이동 중 일정한 온도를 유지하며 배양이 가능해야 하므로 축전지를 장착하여 전원을 공급하여 열을 공급 하게 하였다. 배양시간은 최대 8시간이 유지될 수 있도록 하였다. 배양온도의 범위를 유지시키기 위하여 온도센서 및 제어기를 장착하였으며 설정온도를 벗어나면 경보가 울리도록 하였다. 배양기 온도 제어기의 고장으로 인한 화재 등을 예방하기 위하여 발열장치는 metal-clad 저항을 사용하여 발열하도록 하였다. 휴대용 배양기의 배양성능에 대한 검증에서는 일반 배양기와 휴대용 배양기 사이에 어떠한 유의성도 발견되지 않았으며, 배양에 있어서 동일한 성능을 유지하였다. NK 세포 활성도 측정에 있어서 휴대용 배양기는 검사 시간 및 검체의 안정성 확보에 유익하게 활용될 수 있으며, 이러한 맥락에서 볼 때 휴대용 배양기는 미생물 배양용 검체의 이동 등 여러 가지 방면에서 활용도가 있을 것이라 사료된다. The measurements of NK cells activity has been practiced as a useful indicator to identify the immunity level of human bodies, but its modality of measurement and the cytotoxicity test required huge amount of price, time and professional personnels. Among these facts, the ELISA test, an another measuring modality of the activity of NK cells, brought numerous economic profits in price, time and many other factors when compared to the conventional cytotoxicity test. However, considering the characteristics of ELISA test measurement, limitation still lies since it still costs huge amount of money when the measurement is practiced with a small amount of specimen at a time. As one of the alternative solutions, it was also suggested to collect specimens from a few institutions and analyse them through a commercial lab that can carry a large number of analysis at a time. The clinical specimens are required to be incubated for 24 hours because of the reason of measurement characteristics. Thus it was incubated for 24hrs after its collection, then refrigerated or freezed until it was transported to commercial lab for analysis. However, it was time consuming. Another problem is that refrigerating or freezing the specimens was considered to be inappropriate for the sensitive measurement of NK cells activity since it could cause problems on the stability of specimens. For these reasons, a designated portable incubator was required for specimens to be collected, incubated and transported at a time. The portable incubator was created using an ordinary portable insulating box and storage batteries were installed for power supply to incubate specimens while transporting them. It was designed to maintain the constant temperature for 8 hours. Temperature sensor and controller were also installed to maintain the range of incubation temperature and it was made to sound the alarm when the temperature goes off the range. To prevent the fire due to failure in the temperature controller, the heating device was designed to produce heat through applying metal-clad resistance. In this experiment, the portable incubator indicated no significance when compared to an ordinary cultivator, and maintained equivalent efficiency in incubation. Thus the portable incubator can be usefully applied to save time and secure the stability of specimens when measuring the activity of NK cells. From this results we can suggest that the portable incubator will efficiently used when transporting specimens for microorganism cultivation, or other sides.

      • 전문건설업체의 안전보건경영시스템 개선방안에 관한 실증적 연구

        송창섭 명지대학교 대학원 2014 국내박사

        RANK : 247631

        본 연구는 글로벌 산업구조 하에서 안전보건경영시스템의 중요성이 점차 강조되고 있는 기업 현실에서 전문건설업체의 안전보건경영시스템(KOSHA 18001) 개선방안 제시를 목표로 하였다. 이를 위해 먼저 안전보건경영시스템에 대한 국내·외 문헌 검토와 건설업 안전보건경영시스템(KOSHA 18001)인증 받은 71개 사업장 중 50개 사업장의 본사 안전보건담당자의 경우 50개, 현장 소장의 경우 100개에 대한 설문조사를 통하여 안전보건경영시스템 인증 및 도입회사의 일반적 특성, 도입배경 및 목적, 적용실태, 성과 및 향후 개선방안에 대한 조사를 실시하여 통계분석을 하였으며 종합건설업체 건설업 KOSHA 18001 협의회 회원사를 대상으로 2011년∼2012년 안전보건경영시스템 심사 결과 중 총 60개 부적합사항을 취합하여 전문건설업체 관련사항을 조사 분석하였다. 연구결과 첫째, “안전보건경영시스템 도입 및 적용실태”관련 해서는 물적, 인적자원의 부족이 전문건설업체 안전보건경영시스템을 도입하는데 가장 어려움이 크고 성공적인 안전보건경영시스템을 운영하기 위해서는 전 조직원들의 실천, 실행과 참여가 절대 필요하다. 또한 전문건설업체 29개 업종 중 설비, 전기, 토목, 건축 4개 업종에 86% 편중되어 있어 다양한 업종들이 인증 취득 할 수 있도록 하는 개선방안이 필요하고 공사의 안전보건 확보를 위해 인증 취득 후 지속적인 실행이 이루어고 인증 유지가 될 수 있도록 하는 조치가 필요하다. 둘째, “안전보건경영시스템 교육, 훈련”관련해서는 조직과 체계에서 열악한 전문건설업체에서는 인증 취득 후 지속적인 실행 및 개선이 이루어지기 위해서는 계층별, 기능별 안전보건경영시스템에 대한 교육, 훈련 할 수 있도록 하는 개선방안과 “중간관리자의 참여 의식”과 “근로자의 시스템에 대한 이해”를 높일 수 있는 개선방안이 필요하다. 또한 위험성 평가와 같은 안전보건경영시스템에서 가장 중요하고 전문적인 지식이 필요한 부문에서는 안전관리자에 의존하는 안전교육이 아니라 관리감독자가 공종 특성에 따라 실질적으로 실행 가능한 안전교육 및 안전보건경영시스템 교육을 제공할 필요가 있고 안전보건 업무를 수행하는 모든 조직 구성원들이 안전보건경영시스템에 대한 전반적인 이해와 책임과 역할을 알고 실행 및 개선 할 수 있도록 안전보건경영시스템에 대해 주기적이고 지속적인 교육, 훈련을 실시해야 한다. 셋째, “종합건설회사(원도급사)에서의 인센티브”관련 해서는 종합건설업체에서 전문건설업체 지원 프로그램에 기존 정보제공과 점검지원 뿐만 아니라 적극적인 안전보건 운영상태 평가 및 평가 결과를 연계할 수 있도록 하는 개선방안이 필요하고 종합건설업체에서 전문건설업체 인증사업장에 대해 인센티브 제공할 수 있도록 하는 개선방안이 필요하다. 또한 안전관리 우수 협력업체에 대한 인센티브와 평가시 안전보건경영시스템 운영에 중요한 관리감독자들이 실질적인 참가가 필요하며 협력업체 본사분야 평가, 구매와 계약관련 협력업체 안전관리체제를 구축해야 한다. 마지막으로 “안전보건관련 서류 간소화”와 “안전보건경영시스템 법제화”를 하여야 한다. 또한 외부지원이 가장 필요한 것은 본사와 현장 두 그룹 다 “위험성 평가”이며 그 다음으로 본사는 시스템의 효과를 정기적으로 측정하는 것인 “성과측정 및 모니터링”과 현장은 시공과 연계하여 안전보건활동을 실행하는 것인 “운영관리”로 나타났다. 이와 같은 연구 분석의 결과는 조직과 체계 등에서 열악한 전문건설업체의 안전보건 수준 향상을 도모하기 위한 전문건설업체의 안전보건경영시스템 개선에 기여 할 수 있을 것이다. This study is aimed at grasping the actual condition of application of safety and health management system (KOSHA 18001) at specialty construction and suggesting its improvement plans in the reality where safety and health management system of enterprises is more and more emphasized due to the globalized industrial structure. In order to carry out the study, the concept of safety and health management system was defined through an investigation of preceding studies, in which a review on domestic and foreign literature about safety and health management system and collection of various research paper regarding the standards of safety and health management system from advanced companies have been carried out. And the international trend and difference related to the safety and health management system was analyzed through investigations of relevant books and present situation of safety and health management system certification at relevant institutions. And a questionnaire survey of fifty staff members in charge of safety and health management and hundred construction managers from fifty construction sites among seventy-one construction sites was carried out, of which the safety and health management system of construction industry (KOSHA 18001) had been certified, so that the certification process of safety and health management system, general matters of the companies, the background and purpose of introduction of the system, and the achievement and future improvement plans could be investigated, and a statistical analysis was carried out as well. In addition, a total of 60 nonconformities were collected to be analyzed from the member companies among the KOSHA 18001 Conference of General Construction according to the audit results of safety and health management system during the period between 2011 and 2012. The study results are as follows. Firstly, as for the "Introduction and application of safety and health management system", the specialty construction had the biggest difficulty in introduction of the system due to the lack of resources, and it was absolutely required to encourage all the members to execute and participate in the program in order to operate the safety and health management system successfully. And 86% of the 29 specialty construction leaned too much towards the four categories of business such as facilities, electricity, civil engineering and construction, so that it was required to prepare improvement plans and measures that might help the construction acquire licenses in various categories of business, carry out such works and keep the license continuously in order to secure the safety and health during constructions. Secondly, as for the "Education and training regarding the safety and health management system", the specialty construction with inadequate organization and system needed to prepare an improvement plan to carry out education and training of hierarchical and functional safety and health management system, encourage the participation of mid-class managers, and raise the "workers' understanding of system", so that the continuous implementation and improvement of the system could be carried out even after getting the license. And in the parts such as Risk Assessment, for which the most important and specialized knowledge is needed, we have to provide safety training and education of safety and health management system, which is not a training or education that relies on a safety manager but a training or education that can be substantially implemented by a management supervisor according to the characteristics of construction types. In addition, periodic and continuous training and education of safety and health management system shall be carried out, so that all the members of organization, who are performing the tasks, may have understanding of overall safety and health management system, know the duties and roles, and execute and improve the system. Thirdly, as for the "Incentives from the general construction (original contractor)", it is required to prepare an improvement plan aimed at connecting the positive evaluation of operating state of safety and health programs and the result of such evaluations, as well as the providing existing information and inspection supports, to the supportive programs for specialty construction. And also, it is required to prepare an improvement plan in which general construction provide certified construction sites of specialty construction with incentives such as grant of eligibility to register as a cooperative firm, designation as an excellent subcontractor, grant of additional points when evaluating or bidding. In addition, important management supervisors shall participate in the operation of safety and health management system when providing incentives to subcontractors with excellent safety management and evaluating such subcontractors, building up a safety management system of a subcontractor regarding evaluation of subcontractor, including purchase and contract. Finally, it is required to "simplify documents related to safety and health" and "legislate for safety and health management system". It was found out that an external support is most needed for "Risk Assessment" at both the headquarter and work sites. And then, "Performance measurement and monitoring", which was aimed at regular measurement of the system, took the second place at the headquarter, while "Operational control", which was aimed at implementation of safety and health management through connecting with construction, took the second place at the work sites. This study is a professional organization and system specialty construction such poor as to enhance the level of safety and health for specialty construction in improving the safety and health management system will be able to contribute.

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