생시체중과 이유시 체중이 한우 거세우의 도체형질에 미치는 영향

송유나 순천대학교 대학원 2022 국내석사

The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between the birth weight, weaning weight, and economic features of Hanwoo Steer using data obtained from the breeding farm established as the foundation for improvement goals for birth weight and weaning weight. Data on the birth weight, weaning weight, and carcass grade of 1,921 Korean cattle born between 2006 and 2019 was analyzed. Regarding the environmental effects, farm, year of birth, birth year-half year, weaning days, and carcass days data were used. A total of 7 models were established and analyzed to estimate the correlation between birth weight and weaning weight with carcass traits while considering environmental effects affecting traits. Among the seven used models, Model 1 for farm effects, birth year-half year, birth weight, and carcass days, and Model 7 for farm effects, birth year-half year, weaning weight, weaning days, and carcass days were the best suitable models to determine the correlation. The result indicated that in the birth year-half year effect, as the age at birth increased from the year 2006 to 2019, the carcass weight, eye muscle area, backfat thickness, and marbling score increased significantly more in the first half year than the second half year (p<0.01). The phenotypic correlation results revealed a moderate association with birth weight and carcass weight, eye muscle area of 0.353 and 0.249, and a low correlation with backfat thickness and marbling score content of 0.026 and –0.005, respectively. The associations between weaning weight and carcass weight, eye muscle area, backfat thickness, and marbling score were 0.279, 0.157, 0.093, and 0.059, respectively. According to these results, the birth weight and weaning weight are associated with each carcass traits, indicating that they can be used as primary data to determine the correlation between the traits studied.

여성 신체의 사물화를 통한 사회 풍자적 표현 연구

송유나 이화여자대학교 대학원 2021 국내석사

인간은 생존을 위한 투쟁 속에서 많은 시행착오를 거친다. 이 과정에서 가장 적합하다고 여겨지는 시스템이 만들어지면 오래도록 그 안에서 안정을 찾고자 한다. 그러나 실제로 완전하지 않은 인간이 만든 이 시스템은 모두에게 공정 하고 항상 적합한 것은 아니며, 배제되는 누군가가 있다. 보통은 사회적 약자 라고 불리는 이들이 바로 그 ‘누군가’인데, 특별히 여성은 역사의 과정에서 객체로 전락하면서 ‘누군가’가 되었다. 본 연구는 이러한 문제의식에서 출발하였으며 대한민국에서 살아가는 20대 여성으로서의 연구자가 생생하게 겪고 있는 차별적 구조를 배경으로 한다. 이러한 차별적 구조는 실제 여성의 삶에 위협으로 다가오기도 하며, 삶의 양태 를 바꾸는 요소가 된다. 연구자는 이미지가 당대의 관념을 읽기에 가장 좋은 도구라는 것을 인지하 고, 아르데미스 여신상부터 현대의 기호화된 여성 이미지까지 사회 구조가 요 구하는 여성 이미지란 어떤 것인지 구체적 사례를 통해 이해해 본다. 이 과정 에서 전에는 신체의 기능을 포함하며 비교적 다양한 의미를 가지고 있었던 여 성의 이미지가 현대에 이르러서는 섹슈얼한 측면으로 축소되었다는 것을 발견 하였다. 의미의 변화 과정에서는 여성의 주체적 시선을 발견하기 어려웠고, 오 히려 타자의 시선에 의해 의미가 점점 좁아지는 양상을 살펴볼 수 있었다. 이 에, 연구자는 여성 신체의 일부를 전체 몸에서 분리시켜 물화시키는 표현을 통해 그 시선을 보여주고자 했다. 추후에는 신체가 연속적으로 결합되어 있는 형태를 통해 사회가 요구하는 여성 이미지에서 탈피하려고 한다. “인간은 설교로는 고칠 수 없던 잘못들을 웃음거리가 되면서 고칠 수 있었다.”라는 사회학자 프랜시스 허치슨 (Francis Hutcheson)의 말에서 유추해 낼 수 있듯이 풍자는 기존에 불합리한 구조들을 전복시킬 때 이용된다. 또한 풍자적 기법은 기존에 공고한 시스템을 비평하면서 동시에 희화화라는 과정을 한 번 거쳐 현실을 재창조한다. 그렇기에 연구자가 만들어낸 풍자적 이야기와 함께 버무려진 변형된 신체 표현은, 혹시 모를 불편함이나 불쾌감을 방지하는 동시에 여성에 대한 협소한 시선들에 대한 비판적 목소리를 내고 있다. 이러 한 이야기나 웃음의 맥락을 잘 보여주기 위하여 설치, 퍼포먼스 등 현장성 있 는 다양한 방법을 통해 나타난다. 연구자는 여성을 향한 사회의 편협한 시선을 유머러스하지만 적나라하게 보 이며, 극복하려는 노력을 한다. 끝으로는 작품<보급형 요술봉>에서 인간의 삶 자체에서 나타나는 고충을 은유 하면서 여성에서 인간으로 시야를 넓힌다. 생존을 위한 몸부림을 치는 인간 전체에 대한 연민을 표하며 그렇기에 오히려 불완전한 시스템 속에서 되도록 배제되는 사람이 없도록 공동의 노력을 해야 한다는 것을 말하고자 한다. Human undergo many trials and errors in struggle for survival. When a system that is considered to be the most suitable in this process is created, human try to find stability in it for a long time. However, the system created by human who are in fact not perfect is not always fair and suitable for everyone, and there are always someone who would be excluded. Those who are normally called as the socially underprivileged are 'someone', and women especially became 'someone' as they degenerated into object in the process of history. This study started from this kind of critical mind, and is based on discriminatory structure that the researcher is currently experiencing as a woman in my 20s living in Korea. This discriminatory structure seems to be a threat to actual woman's life and becomes a factor that changes the aspect of the life. The researcher recognizes that the image is the best tool in reading ideas of the time and tries to understand what the images of women required by the social structure from the statue of Artemis to symbolized woman's image in modern times are through concrete cases. In this process, I found that the image of woman which had relatively various meanings including physical functions has been reduced to a sexual aspect in modern times. It was difficult to find subjective view of woman in the change process of meaning. Instead, it was found that the meaning was narrowed down by the view of others. Therefore, the researcher tried to show such views through the expression of separating and materializing part of women's body from the whole body. In the future, the researcher will try to break from the image of women required by society through a form in which the body is continuously connected, and exist as the physical body itself by revealing women's body as it is and transcending the views. As we can infer from the words of Francis Hutcheson, a sociologist, that "Human could fix their mistakes that couldn't be corrected by preaching after being in the pillory", the satire is used to overthrow existing irrational structures. In addition, satirical techniques criticize existing notified system and recreates the reality after passing through travesty at the same time. This is why transformed body expression combined with the satirical story created by the researcher prevents any discomfort or displeasure. At the same time, it shows critical voice for narrow views against women. Various methods with a sense of practice such as installation and performances are applied to show the context of such stories and laughter well. The researcher tries to overcome narrow-minded views of society on women by showing them humorous but frank manners. Lastly, the researcher tries to broaden views from woman to human by making metaphor on the difficulties appeared in human's life itself in <Popular Magic Wand>. The researcher expresses compassion for all human who are struggling for the survival, and would like to mention that communal efforts should be made so that no one would be excluded in an incomplete system.

전자 누설 경로를 이용한 청색 형광 유기발광다이오드의 수명 향상 연구

송유나 홍익대학교 대학원 2023 국내석사

There are several complex factors, which affect the lifetime of blue OLEDs. damage to OLED components by electrons and holes injected from cathodes and anodes by the polarity of OLED, one of the elements, is one of the most important factors leading to the deterioration of blue OLED. In particular, when electron injection is dominant over hole injection, many studies have reported that electrons are not completely bound within the EML, act as a leakage current moving toward the anode, affect the EML nearby layer of blue fluorescent OLED, and lead to poor performance, especially a decrease in lifetime. HTLs configured between the anode and the EML in OLEDs are mostly composed of amine compounds. Amine compounds are suitable as HTL components with excellent hole injection and transport capability. However, the C-N bond of amine compounds has a weak bond dissociation energy (BDE), especially in the Anion state, compared to other atomic bonds. Due to the characteristics, when electron current is present in OLED, HTL materials become anion state due to the electron leakage current, thus the bond is easily broken even with small energy. In particular, the EBL closest to the EML is most easily anionized by the electron leakage current, and the bond of the constituent molecules is easily broken due to the transfer of emission energy from the EML or the emission within the EBL. Damage to EBL eventually leads to the deterioration of the entire blue fluorescent OLED device and affects the OLEDs lifetime. In this study, Electron Leakage Bypass was introduced within the EBL to prevent damage to the EBL by the electron leakage current flowing in the OLED. The electron leakage current flows through the electron leakage bypass, and it is recombined with the hole flowing toward the EML to emit light or partially flow toward the HTL. Therefore the electron leakage current is properly adjusted without damaging the EBL by making it anionic. As a result, blue fluorescent OLEDs with electron leakage bypass have led to a significant increase in lifetime, and in this study, it is significant that the performance of blue fluorescent OLEDs has been improved by modification of device aspects rather than material aspects like other studies. 음극으로부터 주입된 전자가 발광층 내에서 완전히 소모되지 못하고 주변층으로 흐르게 되는 전자 누설은 유기발광다이오드의 수명을 저해하는 중요 요수 중 하나이다. 특히, 전자 누설은 전자 차단층을 음이온 상태로 만들고, 음이온 상태에서 취약한 결합 해리 에너지를 갖는 전자 차단층은 발광층으로부터 전달되는 작은 에너지에도 해리되게 된다. 이러하게 전자 누설에 의한 전자 차단층의 손상을 억제하기 위해서 본 연구에서는, 전자 차단층에 전자 누설 경로를 도입하였다. 누설된 전자는 전자 차단층을 음이온 상태로 만들지 않고, 도입된 전자 누설 경로를 통해 소모되거나 일부 흐르게 되어, 소자의 열화를 억제한다. 결과적으로 전자 누설 경로를 도입한 소자들에서 33 %,32 %의 수명 향상을 이끌어내었다. 본 연구는 전자 누설에 대한 소자의 열화 현상에 대한 문제를 소재적인 측면이 아니라 소자적인 관점에서의 해결방안으로 제시할 수 있다.

소도구 활용에 따른 발레 폴드브라(Port de bras)운동 프로그램이 야구선수의 어깨관절 가동범위, 팔 스윙 가속도, 타겟 정확도에 미치는 영향

송유나 이화여자대학교 교육대학원 2020 국내석사

본 연구의 목적은 소도구 활용에 따른 발레 폴드브라(Port de bras) 운동 프로그램이 야구선수의 어깨관절 가동범위, 팔 스윙 가속도, 타겟 정확도에 미치는 영향을 분석하는 것이다. 연구대상자는 성인 야구선수 총 30명으로, 20명의 실험집단과 10명의 대조군으로 하였으며 실험집단 피험자 내 반복실험으로 진행하였다. 독립변인은 사용한 소도구의 종류이다. 소도구는 초당 4.5Hz의 고유진동을 제공하는 바디 블레이드, 보수 위에서 중량 야구공(1.5oz)을 사용하였고 맨 손 집단은 대조군으로 두었다. 발레 폴드브라 프로그램은 앙바, 안아방, 앙오, 알라세꽁 동작을 기본으로 팔의 다양성을 주었고, 발 지지는 운동 조절의 요구가 높아지는 방향으로 수파인, 하프닐링, 런지, 스탠딩, 원 레그 동작을 수행하였다. 종속변인은 어깨관절 가동범위, 팔 스윙 가속도, 타겟 정확도이다. 어깨관절 가동범위는 고니오미터를 사용하여 내회전·외회전을 측정하였다. 팔 스윙 가속도는 푸쉬 밴드를 착용하여 측정하였고, 타겟 정확도는 점수화된 표적판을 이용하였다. 자료처리방법은 SPSS WINDOW 23.0 프로그램을 이용하여 집단 간 사전 동질성 검정과 차이를 비교하기 위해 크루스칼 왈리스 검정을 실시하였다. 집단 내 운동 프로그램 전·후비교를 위해 맨휘트니u 검정을 실시하였고 유의수준은 .0.5로 하였다. 소도구 활용에 따른 발레 폴드브라 운동 프로그램 결과는 다음과 같다. 첫째, 발레 폴드브라 운동프로그램 전·후에 세 집단 모두 어깨관절 가동범위는 내회전·외회전 모두 유의하게 증가하였으며, 특히 보수 위에서 중량공 집단에서 어깨관절의 내회전·외회전의 각도가 가장 많이 증가하였다. 둘째, 발레 폴드브라 운동프로그램 전·후에 팔 스윙 가속도는 세 집단 모두 유의하게 증가하였다. 특히 소도구를 사용한 집단보다 맨손으로 진행한 대조군에서 가장 큰 증가를 보였다. 셋째, 발레 폴드브라 운동프로그램 전·후에 타겟 정확도는 세 집단 모두 긍정적인 결과를 나타내지는 못 하였다. 바디 블레이드를 사용한 집단과 맨손으로 진행한 대조군은 각각 29%와 18%의 향상도를 보였지만 보수와 중량공 집단은 오히려 –38%로 운동 프로그램 전보다 타겟 정확도가 떨어졌다. 결론적으로 발레 폴드브라 훈련은 어깨관절의 내·외회전 각도, 팔 스윙 가속도, 타겟 정확도 모두에서 효과적이었다. 그러나 세 가지 방법 중에서 보수 위에서 중량공을 가지고 폴드브라 운동을 했을 때, 어깨관절의 내·외회전 각도의 향상도가 가장 컸고, 맨 손으로 운동했을 때 스윙 가속도가 가장 증가하였으며, 바디 블레이드를 가지고 발레 폴드브라 훈련을 했을 때 타겟 정확도가 가장 많이 증가하였다. 따라서 본 연구는 소도구 활용에 따른 발레 폴드브라 운동 프로그램이 야구선수의 어깨관절 가동범위, 팔 스윙 가속도, 그리고 타겟 정확도에 긍정적인 효과를 주는 운동임을 밝혔다는 데 의의가 있다. The purpose of this study is to analyze the effect of Port de bras, ballet exercise program with use of small equipments on baseball players’ shoulder motion range, arm swing acceleration, target accuracy. To measure shoulder range of motion, used a goniometer to measure internal rotation, and external rotation. And to measure arm swing acceleration, subjects put on a push band and performed. To measure target acceleration, used a target plate. Scores were written in the plate so it can be used for measurement. Used SPSS WINDOW 23.0 to process the data and calculated. Among the 3 methods, When subjects exercised with port de bras moves with a heavy ball on Bosu, It was effective in improving internal rotation, external rotation of shoulder, arm swing acceleration, and target accuracy. Port de bras, ballet training was effective in improving all the capacity baseball players want to enhance. With this training, increased internal rotation angle of shoulder, external rotation angle of shoulder, arm swing acceleration, and target accuracy. But among the 3 methods, when subjects trained with port de bras exercise with a heavy ball, on ‘Bosu’, the internal and external rotation angle of shoulder joint increased the most. And when subjects did port de bras training with a body blade, target acceleration has increased the most. Therefore, to improve flexibility of shoulder, arm swing acceleration, target accuracy which are essential in playing baseball, baseball players need to train with port de bra exercise program Performed without equipment, and also using body blade, training with a heavy ball standing on ‘Bosu’. Thus, this study is significant since we could find out that port de bras, ballet exercise program with use of small equipment has positive effects on shoulder motion range, arm swing acceleration, and target accuracy of baseball players.

高麗時代 靑磁 長頸甁 硏究

송유나 弘益大學敎 大學院 2017 국내석사

Janggyeongbyeong (長頸甁) or celadon long-necked bottle (hereinafter, “Long-necked Bottle”) is one type of blue Goryeo-Dynasty celadon that stands, on average, a little over 30cm, with a spherically shaped body and a long straight neck. The silhouette of the rimless opening stretches straight down forming a single line that merges into the neck, characteristically distinguishing the Long-necked Bottle from other bottles with a similar neck configuration. The majority of the existing Long-necked Bottle are of fine quality and are showcased in every exhibition, every workbook that introduces blue Goryeo-Dynastic celadon. As such, the Long-necked Bottle is being seen as a representative model that boasts the outstanding aesthetics embodied in the blue celadon, nevertheless very little attention has been given to the uniqueness itself of this type of bottles. Hence, this paper aims to clarify the concept of the Long-necked Bottle, and to investigate the overall facts about the Bottle such as its utility, history, production, and patterns in change. The term Long-necked Bottle also is being used more broadly, literally referring to any and all ceramic bottles with a long neck. For due distinction, the same term in Japan is interchangeably used as Hakgyeongbyeong (鶴頸甁) (literally, crane’s neck bottle) and Segubyeong (細口甁) (literally, bottle with a small opening). In terms of utility, other types of bottles sharing the same name as the Long-necked Bottle, they often find their use as a flower vase in Japan and China. In Korea, they are considered a drinking or water bottle, called a long-necked bottle, as the nomenclature literally refers to their long-necked shape. Most blue Goryeo-Dynasty celadon long-necked bottles have a hook on the surface of the neck near the opening, from which a cap is to be dangled. Such configuration suggests that the Long-necked Bottle had been used not so much as a flower vase that holds something, but rather as a sealed container for preservation. Xu Jing’s illustrated travelogue “Xuanhe Fengshi Gaoli Tujing (宣和奉使高麗圖經)” confirms the image of metal bottle called Jebyeong (提甁) featuring similar characteristics as those of the Long-necked Bottle, which suggests a possibility that the celadon Long-necked Bottle might have been a celadon variant that was adapted from the metallic Jebyeong. Furthermore, no evidence has been found that would allow the Bottle’s origin to be traced back to, hence the Bottle could have been a type of sophisticated blue celadon used in limited exclusivity by a particular class or classes in Goryeo Dynasty. Moreover, the Long-necked Bottles have been excavated from the locations where they would have been used, along with various tableware items and household items. Accordingly, the utility of the Bottle, too, might have been within the same scope as that of the other artifacts. Considering the features of the Bottle, it is assessed to have been a container that holds water, alcohol, etc. for storage purposes. Moreover, given the level of both quality and refinement embodied and the fact that it had presumably not been mass-produced, the Bottle might have been used for special occasions such as banquets and ceremonies. For the origin of the shape represented by the Long-necked Bottle, first, the most representative example would be the Tang Dynasty Yue celadon bottle (越州窯) (8-9 Century, A.D.), of which the shape-wise similarities between the two bottle types have been mentioned in many a previous study. However, the time gap is noted between the A.D. 8-9 Century Tang Dynasty green porcelain and the Goryeo-Dynasty blue celadon Long-necked Bottle which was produced in the 12th Century A.D. Considering the gap, the Bottle might have been influenced by the contemporary Chinese kilns and/or other contemporary craftworks. Take for example the late Northern Song Dynasty period’s green porcelain kilns, and the Northern Song Dynasty Rue celadon bottle (汝窯 天靑釉 長頸甁). Such examples along with some metal ware items could have influenced the formation of shape that is featured in the Long-necked Bottle. Of note, the other possible origin of the Bottle is glassware, such as the Islamic glasswork bottles dating back to ancient times with a similarly round, spherically shaped body and a long neck. “History of Goryeo (高麗史)” documents recorded about trades being implemented between Goryeo and the countries bordering on the western China in the 11th Century. According to the early Goryeo period records, such direct contact and interactions with the Western-Chinese bordering states could quite possibly been sporadic or temporary. However, Goryeo continued to accept the Western culture through the intermediate trade with Song’s merchants. The glassware, introduced into Goryeo via direct or indirect such channels, could have influenced the formation of particular shape that is embodied in the Long-necked Bottle. Compared with the number of the displayed items, the Long-necked Bottle is quite limited both in terms of the number of excavation sites and the items discovered. The majority of the excavated Bottle are of high quality, and the sites of discovery, too, coincide with the Goryeo Dynasty’s fine-quality blue celadon production sites, including Yongwun-ri and Sadang-ri in the Gangjin County (South Jeolla Province) and the kiln sites throughout Yucheon-ri in Buan County (North Jeolla Province). Excavation sites indicated as the locations of Bottle consumption include the marine excavation site off Wonsan Island in Boryeong (South Chungcheong Province) and the Gwancheong-ri Hyanggyogol site in Ganghwa County. From the Wonsan Island site, pieces of the carved angularly shaped neck and round-shaped bottom were discovered. Compared with the artifacts found in other marine sites, the blue celadon artifacts excavated from the marine site off Wonsan Island are of outstanding quality and as such their key clientele must very likely have been the upper-class individuals. Moreover, the characteristics of Gwancheong-ri Hyanggyogol site in Ganghwa County further clarifies the clientele of the Long-necked Bottle. Ganghwa site is situated right inside the inner Ganghwa castle which was built during the Ganghwa Period of the Goryeo Dynasty (Mongol Invasions). Accordingly, the site in question is suspected to have been part of the castle. The very same site is where everyday household items of fine-quality blue celadon featuring exquisitely decoration techniques, as well as the Long-necked Bottle, were excavated. The quality of these items was fond to be on par with that of the artifacts discovered in the royal Goryeo tombs, presumably placing the users at quite a high social rank. Given consideration to the production, transport, and consumption sites and to the characteristics of the other artifacts discovered at the same time and place, the Bottle could have likely been manufactured and distributed for royal clients or comparable customers. This paper also aims to investigate the type and decoration elements and structure of the Bottom and to classify the patterns. The ultimate goal of this study is to identify the patterns in the change that had occurred to the Bottle, and provide specific reference criteria for dividing periods. First, the type of the Bottle can be divided roughly into six categories (TypeⅠ~Ⅵ). Decoration materials are divided into two types, namely engraving and inlaid work, which are further divided into the main pattern and auxiliary pattern, respectively. This paper aims to examine the divided patterns for each material, in terms of their respective temporal context (preceding vs succeeding) and their production sites. Regarding decoration structure, the engraved Bottle is divided roughly into the basic and modified configuration, while the Bottle with inlaid work can be classified into a total of six types (Type A~F). The decoration was found to have a strong tendency towards adopting more intricate patterns, possibly coinciding with the availability of more diverse decoration materials and the phenomenon that involves the division of poetry and flowery patterns. For the production periods, roughly Period I and Period II have been identified, using the time-point that had marked the division of poetry and flower patterns found on the Bottle, against the context of preceding-succeeding timeline and pattern design of the six types of the Bottle. Period I refers to the era from the mid-12th Century to the early 13th Century, and Period II from the mid-13th Century to the early 14th Century. Period I illustrates the coexistence of no patterns, engraving, and inlaid work, with mostly the basic configuration adopted for the Bottle with some variations appearing in the engraved Bottles. Period II is the era where the use of inlaid work had become the mainstream practice and in parallel the patterns in poetry and writing had become more intricate, ultimately leading to the pronounced segregation of the surface of the Bottle. This paper poses a question about the specific typology of the Goryeo-Dynasty blue celadon long-necked bottle (“Long-necked Bottle”), and delve into the literature, excavated artifacts, exhibition displays, and other materials for principally identifying the Bottle’s utility, origin and time period, and production patterns and change thereto. Furthermore, according to the results of the period-specific examination of poetry and writing patterns, i.e., decoration materials, and decoration structure to be presented on the Bottle, such examination could be helpful for scholars to identify the production practices/patterns adopted for other types of long-necked bottles which share the same decoration materials and structure with the Long-necked Bottle. 장경병은 평균 높이 30cm를 웃도는, 배가 공처럼 둥글고 목이 수직으로 길게 뻗은 고려청자의 한 기종이다. 외반하지 않은 채 목부터 수직으로 곧게 올라오는 구연처리는 여타 목 긴 병들과 구별되는 특징이다. 현존하는 고려청자 장경병은 대부분이 양질로, 명품의 청자를 소개하는 전시나 도록들에 빠짐없이 등장하는 편이다. 이처럼 장경병은 고려청자의 뛰어난 수준을 보여주는 대표적인 예 중 하나로 인식되고 있지만, 기종 자체의 고유성에 대해서는 주목된 바가 없다. 그렇기 때문에 본 논문에서는 고려청자 장경병의 개념을 명확히 하고, 그 용례와 연원 및 제작, 변화 양상 등 고려청자 장경병의 전반에 대하여 알아보고자 한다. ‘장경병’이라는 용어는 이름 그대로 목이 긴 기종을 포괄하는 넓은 의미로 사용되기도 하기 때문에 일본에서는 이와 구분하기 위해‘학경병’,‘세구병’ 등으로 부르기도 한다. 장경병과 명칭이 동일한 다른 기종들의 쓰임을 살펴보면 일본이나 중국에서는 화병인 경우가 많으며, 우리나라에서는 주로 목이 긴 주병을 형태 그대로 장경병이라 칭하고 있다. 대부분의 고려청자 장경병은 구연 근처 경부에 뚜껑을 메는 뚜껑 고리가 달려있어 화병처럼 무언가를 꽂아두기보다는, 봉하여 저장하는 용도로 사용된 것으로 보인다. 서긍의『선화봉사고려도경』에는 장경병과 유사한 특징을 지닌‘제병’이라는 금속기가 확인되는데, 이것으로 말미암아 장경병은 금속기인 제병을 도자로 번안한 기종이었을 가능성이 있다. 또한 장경병은 도기로 제작된 예를 전혀 찾을 수 없어 특정계층에서만 제한적으로 사용된 고급 청자 기종이었음을 알 수 있다. 특히 장경병은 소비지에서 각종 식기․생활기와 함께 출토되는데, 장경병 또한 이러한 기종들의 사용 범주에서 크게 벗어나지 않았을 것으로 보인다. 기형의 특성 상 물이나 술 등의 음료를 담아 저장한 기종으로 여겨지며 대량생산이 이루어지지 않은 양질의 고급기종임을 감안할 때, 연회나 의례 등의 특별한 행사에도 사용되었을 수 있다. 장경병 기형의 연원은 우선 8~9세기 당대 월주요청자병을 가장 대표적인 예로 들 수 있으며 이미 많은 선행연구들에서 두 기종 간의 기형적 유사성에 대하여 언급하고 있다. 그러나 8~9세기의 당 월주요와 고려청자 장경병이 제작되는 12세기경은 그 시간차가 있다. 그렇기 때문에 장경병은 그것이 제작되던 동시기의 여타 중국 가마들이나 타 공예품들의 영향을 받았을 수도 있다. 그 예로 북송만기 월주요계 가마들과 북송여요의‘天靑釉 長頸甁’이 있으며 금속기 역시 장경병의 기형 형성에 영향을 주었을 것으로 보인다. 주목할 만한 고려청자 장경병의 또 다른 연원으로 유리기가 있다. 이슬람의 유리공예품들을 보면 장경병과 같이 둥근 몸체에 긴 목을 한 병들이 많이 나타난다.『고려사』에는 11세기 고려와 서역 간의 교류 기록이 있다. 고려 전기의 기록 상 이러한 서역과의 직접 교류는 단발적이었던 경향이 없지 않지만, 고려는 송 상인과의 중개무역을 통하여 서역의 문물을 지속적으로 받아들였으며 이러한 직·간접적 경로로 고려에 유입된 유리기가 장경병의 기형 형성에 영향을 주었을 가능성이 있다. 장경병은 전세되는 유물의 수에 비하여 출토되는 유적과 출토품의 수량이 무척이나 적고 한정적이다. 장경병은 전세품의 대부분이 양질이며, 생산지 역시 고려시대 양질 청자를 생산한 강진 용운리와 사당리, 부안 유천리 요지 일대이다. 소비지 유적으로는 보령 원산도 해저유적과 강화 관청리 향교골 유적이 있다. 원산도에서는 음각장식의 각형 경부편과 구형의 저부편이 발견되었는데, 다른 해저유적에 비하여 월등한 질의 청자들이 공반 출수되었기 때문에 이 유적 출수품의 주 수요자는 상류층이었을 것을 짐작케 한다. 강화 관청리 향교골 유적의 성격 또한 장경병의 소비층을 더욱 명확하게 하는데, 이곳은 강도시기 강화 내성의 바로 안쪽에 위치한 건물로 궁궐의 일부였을 것으로 추정된다. 이 유적에서는 화려한 장식기법들이 적용된 양질의 청자 강화문화원,『강화 고려궁지 학술조사 보고서』, 2009, pp. 244~246. 일상소용기들이 장경병과 함께 출토되었다. 이는 고려 왕릉출토품들과 비교해도 질이 떨어지지 않아 그 사용자의 계층이 꽤 높았을 것으로 보인다. 생산유적 및 운송지‧소비유적, 그리고 공반 출토품의 성격으로 미루어 장경병은 왕실 또는 그에 준하는 수준의 수요층을 위하여 제작‧유통된 것으로 생각된다. 또한 본 논문에서는 장경병의 기형과 장식소재 그리고 장식 구성의 종류를 살피고 유형을 분류함으로써, 장경병의 변천 양상 파악과 시기 구분에 구체적인 기준을 마련하고자 한다. 기형은 크게 Ⅰ~Ⅵ의 6가지 유형으로 분류할 수 있다. 장식 소재들은 기법에 따라 음각과 상감으로 나뉘며 그 안에서 주문양과 보조문양으로 세분되는데, 이렇게 분류한 소재별 유형들을 각각의 선후관계와 제작지 중심으로 살펴보고자 한다. 장식구성의 경우 음각장식 장경병은 크게 기본구성과 변형구성으로 나뉘며, 상감장식 장경병은 A~F 총 6가지 유형으로 분류할 수 있다. 장식구성은 후행유형으로 갈수록 복잡해지는 경향이 두드러지는데, 장식소재가 다양해지고 시문화면이 분할되는 현상이 나타난다. 제작 시기는 6가지 유형으로 분류한 기형의 선후양상과 문양구성 상 시문화면의 구획화 현상이 나타나기 시작하는 시점을 기준으로 크게 Ⅰ기와 Ⅱ기로 나누었다. Ⅰ기는 12세기 중반~13세기 전반, Ⅱ기는 13세기 중반부터 14세기 전반이다. Ⅰ기에는 무문부터 음각과 상감이 공존하며 대체로 기본구성을 취하나 음각의 경우 변형구성이 나타난다. Ⅱ기는 상감장식이 본격화됨과 동시와 시문구성이 복잡해지면서 화면의 구획화현상이 두드러진다. 본 논문은 고려청자 장경병이란 구체적으로 어떠한 기종인가 하는 문제로부터 출발하여 문헌사료들과 출토품, 전세품 등을 중심으로, 용도와 연원 및 제자 양상과 변천 등을 알아보는 것을 주 목적으로 하고 있다. 또한 각 시기별 장경병에 시문되는 문양소재나 장식구성 등을 살펴본 것을 바탕으로 하면, 장경병과 동일한 문양소재와 구성을 공유하는 다른 기종들의 제작양상을 파악하는 데에도 도움이 될 것으로 생각된다.

Systematic Synthesis and Potential Applications of N-Heterocyclic Carbene-Based Dicarbonyl Radicals

송유나 포항공과대학교 일반대학원 2023 국내석사

인지언어학적 관점에서의 ‘마음’과 ‘가슴’의 의미 관계 분석 연구

송유나 韓國外國語大學校 敎育大學院 2019 국내석사

The purpose of this study is to understand the semantic structure of the two vocabulary by analyzing the expressions of 'maeum' and 'gaseum', and to clarify the Semantic Relations between 'maeum' and 'gaseum'. In this study, the cognitive linguistic viewpoint was applied to analyze the meaning relation between 'maeum' and 'gaseum'. The reason is that cognitive linguistics can discuss the process of semantic construction. Therefore, Conceptual metaphor, Conceptual metonymy, and Conceptual blending theory were used as mechanisms to analyze the conceptualization of vocabulary. As a result of analyzing the conceptualization of 'maeum' and 'gaseum', first, in the case of 'maeum', there exist body metaphor, human metaphor, space metaphor and object metaphor. These analysis results show that the function of 'maeum' is understood by the concept of the body. Furthermore, it was confirmed that 'spatial experience' and 'experience on objects' of 'body' were formed as concepts in our cognition and used to express the semantic characteristics of 'mind'. Then, in case of 'gaseum', it was classified as 'gaseum as body part' and 'gaseum as abstract concept'. In the expression of 'gaseum as a part of the body', there had metonymic expressions that express emotion through 'status of the chest', 'status of body temperature', 'body activity'. On the other hand, 'gaseum as an abstract concept' had metaphors such as 'sensory metaphor', 'space metaphor' and 'object metaphor'. Through these researches, it was found that 'gaseum' has many metonymic expressions due to the characteristic of body parts, and the meaning is extended to abstract concept by structuring meaning through conceptual metaphor. By comparing the conceptualization of 'maeum' and 'gaseum', it was found that there is a common conceptual domain. This means that the two vocabularies form a semantic relations. The reason for this phenomenon is that 'maeum' is located in 'gaseum' in our customary thinking, and 'maeum' and 'gaseum' both function to express emotions. This cognitive function resulted in the conclusion that the two vocabularies interact and form a concept. This analysis is related to the argument in cognitive linguistics that 'human cognitive thinking is derived from the body's perspective and therefore experience gained through the body plays an important role in our cognitive function'. In addition, if a teacher explicitly explains to a Korean learner the process of meaning construction and semantic relations of 'maeum' and 'gaseum' based on contents in this study, the learner will be able to learn based on understanding rather than just memorization. In conclusion, the content of this study is not only a basis for experientialism viewpoint in cognitive linguistics, but also has significance in providing learning contents that can be used for teaching and learning activities in Korean language education.

비대면 교육환경에 따른 교육만족 및 전공만족이 대학생의 진로결정에 미치는 영향 : 부산지역 2년제 외식조리 전공자를 대상으로

송유나 경주대학교 대학원 2022 국내석사

The emergence of COVID-19 changing the world has also changed our life. People restrain themselves from going out in an effort to minimize their contact with other people to avoid the virus spreading through the human respiratory organs, and thus, the ordinary off-line life has changed to the on-line one. Accordingly, the school education has also changed from the off-line to on-line one. Before the emergence of COVID-19, the on-line education designed to complement the off-line education for the theoretical lecture had continued to develop, but the emergence of COVID-19 would convert not only the theoretical education but also the practice education into on-line one. Accordingly, the colleges are obliged to construct and reform the real-time video educational environment to meet the demands of the time. The purpose of this study is to analyze the effects of the educational satisfaction of the real-time video education on our college students' future career decision. For this purpose, the researcher reviewed the preceding studies and thereupon, analyzed the effects of the real-time video education environment on college students' decision on their future careers. Based on the preceding studies, the researcher set the sub-factors of the independent variable or real-time video education as professors' quality, non-physical environment and educational programs. The sub-factors of the satisfaction with the education were set as contents and methods of the education, while those of the satisfaction with the major were set as cognitive satisfaction and curriculum satisfaction. On the other hand, the sub-factors of the future career decision were set as individual, environmental and educational systematic ones. For an experimental analysis, SPSS 26.0 statistical package program was used for frequency analysis, factor analysis, reliability analysis, regression analysis and simple regression analysis. The results of such analyses can be summed up as follows; First, the males accounted for the majority (66.4%, n=163) compared with the females (33.6%, n=83), while those aged 20 accounted for 44.5% (n=110) and the 2nd graders of the junior college accounted for 52% (n=128). 217 students (87.9%) could well use the computer, which means that the absolute majority of the students could not feel difficult for the real-time video education. On the other hand, 68% (n=168) of the students planned to find jobs after graduation, which is contrary to the preceding studies that had shown many students would study more abroad or establish their own businesses after graduation. Such changes would well prove that the majority of the students wanted to decide on their future career, being conscious of the stable employment due to the social changes caused by COVID-19. Secondly, as a result of the regression analysis of the research model and hypotheses test, it was found that professors' quality and non-physical environment would affect subject students' future career decisions. However, it was found that the students' perceived education contents would not affect the real-time video education environment, which suggests that students should need a time to be adapted to the real-time video education. In case of another sub-factor of the satisfaction with the education, the non-physical environment and educational program were found to affect their satisfaction with the real-time video education. On the other hand, in terms of the subjects' perceived educational method, the professors' quality was less significant than the non-physical environment or educational program. Namely, in the real-time video educational environment, students would feel satisfactory for it if the non-physical educational environment should be smoothly created. Hence, it is required of professors and colleges to create such non-physical environment. Accordingly, this study confirmed that students' satisfaction with the real-time video education would be affected by the non-physical environment. Thirdly, it was found that the non-physical environment had significant effects on such sub-factors of the major satisfaction as cognitive and curriculum satisfactions. Because this study aimed at the out-dining and cooking majors of the junior college, the theory-centered real-time video education was affected most significantly by the non-physical environment. On the other hand, professors' quality had some negative effects on students' satisfaction with the major, which suggests that at the moment from off-line to on-line education, professors were not smoothly prepared for the new paradigm of education. Fourthly, it was found that students' satisfaction with the real-time video education had some significant effects on such sub-factors of decision on future careers as individual, environmental and educational systematic sub-factors. Students' satisfaction with the education is affected by their perceived overall situations. So, if they should be allowed to decide on their future career when being educated real-time or on-line or recoding-based, their decision would be much affected by what they had learned. Fifth, it was found that the students' satisfaction with their major would affect such sub-factors of their future career decision as individual, environmental and eduction-systematic ones. Such a finding may well suggest that only when the students have acquired the knowledge about their major, they would be able to decide on their future career effectively. Hence, it is deemed important in the junior college students' real-time video education to set the non-physical environment effectively. Moreover, it was confirmed through this study that professors' quality and educational programs would be important in terms of educational contents and methods. Thus, it is judged necessary to urge the students to use the non-physical environmental factors as they would become more important. In addition, the pedagogics are deemed important for students' satisfaction with the junior college programs. So, now when the real-time video education has been activated, it is deemed necessary to use diversified pedagogics to help students acquire knowledge, being more prepared for their decision on jobs. Then, the students would well accommodate the information of the education to decide on their future career effectively. Lastly, this study emphasizing the importance of the educational environment for the real-time video education would well suggest that students' decision on their future career would be affected significantly by their satisfaction with education and their major.

우리나라 대학생을 대상으로 한 벤더 게스탈트 검사(BGT-2) 타당화 연구

송유나 대진대학교 대학원 2014 국내석사

The purpose of this study were to examine if Bender-Gestalt Test(BGT-2) is appropriate for Korean university students. Research problems of this study were as in the following. First, the validity of developmental indicator and emotional indicator of BGT-2 for Korean university students is verified. Second, the credibility of developmental indicator and emotional indicator of BGT-2 for Korean university students is verified. The subject of this study was from first-year students to fourth-year students who are attending in universities located in Seoul and Gyeonggi-do. And, this research was progressed by preparation stage, test stage and analysis stage. At preparation stage, full knowledge of grading method, training of grading and fulfillment of grading were in progressed. At test stage, the purpose was to examine if it's appropriate test for domestic university students through the credibility and validity verification. The verification of developmental indicator's validity was examined by average and standard deviation and the verification of emotional indicator's validity was examined by authorized validity whose external standards are recruit validity and ARS. For the verification of credibility, internal consistency and credibility in grader and between the graders were examined. Research results can be abstracted as follows. First, as the result of verification of developmental indicator's validity in BGT-2, question No. 1 of figure No. 1, question No. 2 of figure No. 2, question No. 3, 4 of figure No. 3, question No. 6 of figure No. 4 will not make many effects on test results although card is not used. As the result of verification of emotional indicator's recruitment validity, question No. 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13 explained emotional indicator well and only drawing of picture in the box was correlated in the analysis on authorized validity with ARS sub-criterion questions, the external standard. Second, as the result of verification of credibility between developmental indicator and emotional indicator in BGT-2, credibility was shown generally. And, consistent results can be obtain from domestic university students. Therefore, BGT-2 test can be appropriate to be utilized in clinical situation as a projective test which is credible for Korean university students. 본 연구는 우리나라 대학생을 대상으로 벤더 게스탈트 검사(BGT-2)가 타당한 지를 알아보고자 하는 데 목적이 있다. 본 연구의 연구문제는 다음과 같다. 첫째, 우리나라 대학생을 대상으로 한 BGT-2의 발달적 지표와 정서적 지표의 타당도를 검증한다. 둘째, 우리나라 대학생을 대상으로 한 BGT-2의 발달적 지표와 정서적 지표의 신뢰도를 검증한다. 본 연구의 대상은 서울 및 경기도에 소재하는 대학교에 재학 중인 1학년부터 4학년까지의 학생이며, 본 연구는 준비단계, 검사단계, 분석단계의 절차로 진행되었다. 준비단계에서는 채점방법 숙지, 채점 훈련, 채점 실시 순으로 진행되었으며, 검사단계에서 신뢰도와 타당도 검증을 통하여 국내 대학생들에게 사용하는 데 있어 적절한 검사인 지를 알아보는 데 목적을 두었다. 발달적 지표의 타당도 검증은 평균과 표준편차로 알아보았으며, 정서적 지표의 타당도 검증은 구인타당도와 ASR을 외적 준거로 하는 공인타당도로 알아보았다. 신뢰도 검증으로는 내적일치도, 채점자 내 및 채점자 간 신뢰도를 알아보았다. 연구 결과를 요약하면 다음과 같다. 첫째, BGT-2의 발달적 지표의 타당도 검증을 한 결과, 도형 1의 1번 문항, 도형 2의 2번 문항, 도형 3의 3번과 4번 문항, 도형 4의 6번 문항의 경우 카드를 사용하지 않더라도 검사 결과에 크게 영향을 미치지 않을 것으로 나타났다. 정서적 지표의 구인타당도 검증을 한 결과, 문항 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13번이 정서적 지표를 잘 설명해 주는 문항으로 나타났으며, 외적 준거인 ASR 하위 척도 문항들과의 공인타당도 분석에서는 상자 속 그림 그리기만이 상관이 나타났다. 둘째, BGT-2의 발달적 지표와 정서적 지표의 신뢰도 검증결과 전반적으로 신뢰롭게 나타났으며, 이를 통해 국내 대학생으로부터 일관된 결과를 얻을 수 있다. 따라서, BGT-2 검사는 우리나라 대학생에게 신뢰로운 투사검사로서 임상적 상황에서 활용하기에 적절한 검사라고 볼 수 있다.

조선시대 단청 안료의 재료학적 특성

송유나 공주대학교 대학원 2018 국내박사

본 연구는 15C ∼20C 초반에 걸친 조선시대 단청 중 개보수 과정에서 발견된 상량문 등을 참조하여 시기가 정확한 사찰 단청 12곳과 궁궐 단청 3곳 등 총 15곳을 선정하여, 성분 분석 및 색도측정 결과를 바탕으로 단청 안료의 종류 및 시기별 사용 특성을 검토하고 단청의 색도를 종합적으로 고찰하여 각 색상별 색분포 경향을 고찰하는데 목적이 있다. 단청에 대한 분석은 현장분석과 시료분석을 병행하였다. 현장분석은 X선형광분석과 현미경 촬영, 색도 측정 등 비파괴분석을 수행하여 색상별 안료 성분, 입자형태 그리고 채색특성을 조사하였다. 시료분석은 채취된 시료에 대하여 X선회절분석, 라만분석, SEM-EDS 분석 등을 통하여 안료의 동정 및 층위별 안료성분을 확인하였다. 백색 안료는 연백과 백토가 전시기에 걸쳐 사용되었다. 토양성 안료인 백토는 궁궐 단청에서는 바탕칠로만 사용된 반면, 사찰 단청에서 조선 중기까지는 바탕칠뿐만 아니라 상부채색에도 사용된 것으로 추정된다. 황색 안료는 황토와 황색 유기안료 및 석황이 확인되었다. 황토는 바탕칠로는 전시기에 걸쳐 사용되었지만, 상부 채색칠로는 조선 전기에는 유기안료와 함께 주로 사용되었다. 그러나 점차 황색유기안료로 대체되어 후기로 갈수록 거의 사용되지 않은 것으로 확인되었다. 석황은 19C 후반 이후 궁궐과 관련된 단청에서만 확인되어 그 당시 석황의 희소성을 유추해볼 수 있다. 적색 안료에서 연단과 주사 그리고 주토는 조선 시대 전반에 걸쳐 사용되어온 안료이다. 육색은 분홍토와 연백, 주사와 연백, 장단과 연백, 적색유기안료와 연백 등 다양한 조색방법이 사용한 것으로 확인된다. 이는 연단과 주사, 주토가 전 시기에 걸쳐 단일 종류의 안료가 사용되었기 때문에 육색에서도 시기적인 구분이 없는 것으로 보인다. 녹색 안료는 인공 안료인 동록이 전 시기에 걸쳐 사용된 것으로 확인되었으며, 청색은 먹이나 쪽을 사용하여 색상을 표현하였으며, 무기안료로는 회청이 사용된 것으로 확인된다. 또한 연구 대상의 녹·청색의 안료는 석록(Malachite)과 석청(Azurite)과 같은 천연의 광물성 안료가 사용되지 않은 것으로 확인된다. 반면에, 동시대의 불화나 초상화, 궁중화 등 회화문화재에서는 석록과 석청의 사용은 빈번히 이루어지고 있어 단청과는 안료의 사용에 큰 차이를 보이고 있다. 녹색과 청색 안료는 조선 후기로 갈수록 점차 19C 이후 서양안료인 에메랄드그린과 울트라마린블루 등으로 대체되어 가는 양상을 보였다. 백토, 뇌록, 황토, 분홍토, 주토 등 토양성 안료는 조선 전기의 단청에서 사용이 두드러졌으나, 연단, 연백, 주사(은주) 등 고대부터 사용되어온 인공 안료는 납과 수은 계통의 인공 안료는 전시기의 단청에서 사용된 것으로 나타난다. 한편, 창경궁 통명전, 창덕궁 구선원전, 경복궁 자경전 단청의 분석을 통하여 영건도감의궤에 기록된 일부 단청 안료명은 실제 사용된 안료와는 차이가 있는 것으로 확인된다. 녹색 안료 중 의궤에 언급된 뇌록은 뇌록(Celadonite)와 동일한 것으로 판단되나, 하엽, 삼록은 천연 안료인 석록에서 만들어진 안료가 아니라 동록으로 만들어진 안료인 것으로 추정된다. 청색은 영건도감의궤에서 이청, 삼청으로 기록되어 있으나 분석 결과, 궁궐 단청에서도 회청이 확인되고 있어 이 명칭은 석청을 원료로 하는 안료와는 차이를 보이는 것으로 확인된다. 전통 단청들의 색상분포는 채색 시기와 원료에 따라 구분이 뚜렷하게 나타나지 않는다. 이는 단청의 박락 및 퇴색 등으로 인한 원색의 훼손이 가장 큰 원인이며, 단청 제작 시 제작 기법, 원료의 다양성, 교착제의 차이 등 등 다양한 원인이 종합적으로 작용하였기 때문으로 판단된다. 그러나 각 색상은 단청별로 독특한 색도 분포 범위를 가지고 있다. 단청의 색상은 원료보다는 각 단청별로 특색을 가지는 것으로 판단된다. 또한 장단과 주홍, 양록과 하엽 등 일부 색상은 대부분의 단청에서 공통된 색도 분포 패턴, 즉 유사한 a*, b* 값의 비율을 가지 는 것으로 나타난다. 이번 연구에서 확인된 전통단청의 색상 분포는 비록 원단청의 색상보다는 명도와 채도 면에서 낮은 영역에서 형성되었지만, 각 색상의 분포 패턴은 향후 전통 단청의 색 복원을 위한 원단청의 색정보로 유용하게 사용될 것으로 생각된다. The purpose of this research is to review the types and characteristics of usage in each period with regard to coloring pigments in dancheong (traditional Korean multicolored paintwork on wooden buildings), and to comprehensively consider the chromaticity of dancheong in order to contemplate the inclinations for the distribution of each color. This will be achieved based on the results of component analysis and chromaticity measurements, referencing the sangryangmun that was discovered during the restoration and repair process of the Joseon period dancheong during the 15th ∼ early 20th centuries and by selecting 15 dancheong of the accurate time period including 12 Buddhist temple dancheong and 3 palace dancheong. Both field and sample analyses were conducted on dancheong. Field analysis was conducted using nondestructive means such as X-ray Fluorescence, microscope photography, and chromaticity measurement in order to investigate the color pigment components for each color, particle forms, and chromatic characteristics. Sample analysis was conducted on gathered samples using X-ray diffraction, Raman, SEM-EDS, etc. in order to identify the characteristics and pigment components in each layer. In white pigments, lead white and white clay were used in all periods. While white clay was only used as a priming layer in palace dancheong, it is believed to have been used not only as a priming layer but also in the upper layer coloring in Buddhist temple dancheong until the middle of the Joseon period. In yellow pigments, yellow ocher, yellow organic pigments, and orpiment were identified. While yellow ocher was used as a primer layer during all periods, it was mainly used as an upper layer coloring during the early Joseon period together with organic pigments. However, it was discovered that it was gradually replaced with yellow organic pigments so that toward the latter periods it was almost never used. Orpiment was only found in dancheong related to palaces after the late 19th century, so it is possible to infer the scarcity of orpiment at that time. In red pigments, the pigments that were used throughout the Joseon period were red lead, Cinnabar(Vermilion), and red ocher. Yuksaek(a pink color) was shown to use various mixing combinations such as pink clay and white lead, cinnabar and white lead, Minium and white lead, and red organic pigments and white lead. This appears to show that red lead, Cinnabar(Vermilion), and red ocher were used as a singular type of pigment throughout the entire period; so it seems that Yuksaek also does not have a division by time period. Green pigments were revealed to have used the artificial pigment of verdigris throughout the entire period. Blue was expressed through Chinese ink or indigo, and for mineral pigments it was revealed that Smalt was used. In addition, the research subjects revealed that natural mineral pigments such as malachite and azurite were not used. On the other hand, in painting from the same period such as Buddhist paintings, portraits, and royal paintings, the usage of malachite and azurite was common, which reveals a large difference with the pigments used in dancheong. The pigments for green and blue showed a tendency to be gradually replaced with post-19th century Western pigments such as emerald green and ultramarine blue as time progressed into the late Joseon period. While soil pigments such as white clay, celadonite, yellow ocher, pink clay, and red ocher, were commonly used in dancheong in the early Joseon period, artificial pigments used from ancient times such as red lead, white lead, and cinnabar(vermilion) were artificial lead and mercury pigments that were used in dancheong throughout the entire period. Meanwhile, through an analysis of the dancheong of Tongmyeongjeon Hall in Changkyung Palace, Old Seonwonjeon in Changdeokgung Palace, and the Jagyeongjeon Hall of Gyeongbokgung Palace, it was confirmed that some pigment names recorded in the Yeonggeondogam-uigwe (construction reports) differed from the actual pigments used. Regarding green pigments, while the Noirok mentioned in the uigwe was revealed to be the same as the celadonite used, the pigments of Hayeop and samrok are estimated not to be pigments made from malachite but rather pigments made from verdigris. The blue colors are recorded to be Icheong and Samcheong. However it was founded that smalt used even in palace dancheong, which indicated a difference in this name and the pigment made from azurite. The color distribution of traditional dancheong does not reveal a clear division by painted period or component of pigments. The most significant reason for this is the damage to the original color of the dancheong due to peeling and color fading, and it is believed that the production method, variety of raw materials, differences of binders etc., comprehensively affected this. However, each color has a unique chromaticity distribution range by dancheong. It is believed that the color of dancheong is characterized more by the characteristics of each dancheong rather than the raw materials. In addition, some colors such as Jangdan and Juhong or Yangrok and Hayeop are shown to have a mostly common chromaticity distribution pattern in dancheong; that is, they are shown to have similar ratios for a*, b* values. Although the chromaticity distribution of traditional dancheong identified in this research was formed at a lower level in terms of brightness and chroma compared to the colors of the original dancheong, it is expected that the distribution pattern of each color of original dancheong will provide useful information for the future restoration of colors in traditional dancheong.