家庭環境 및 學業成就와 成敗歸因과의 關係硏究

백분순 淑明女子大學校 1990 국내석사

1. 硏究의 目的 본 연구는 국민학교 6학년 아동을 대상으로 그들의 家庭環境과 學業成就는 서로 어떠한 변인으로 작용하며, 그것은 아동이 지각한 학업의 成敗歸因에 어떻게 영향을 주는지를 규명하는 데 그 목적이 있다. 이 목적을 달성하기 위하여 다음와 같은 연구문제를 정하였다. 첫째, 家庭環境과 學業成就와는 어떠한 관계가 있는가? 둘째, 家庭環境과 成敗歸因과는 어떠한 관계가 있는가? 넷째, 學業成就는 成敗歸因과 어떠한 관계가 있는가? 2. 硏究方法 (1) 標集 표본대상은 서울시내에 소재해 있는 국민학교 가운데, 무선표집된 4개 학교의 제 6學年 아동 397 명이다. (2) 測定道具 본 연구에 사용된 도구는 오성심·이종승의 父母養育態度 검사와 박영신의 成敗歸因 검사이고, 學業成就는 대상 아동의 제 2학기 말 교과성적 중 국어, 사회, 산수, 자연 등 4개 교과의 지필고사 총점을 사용하였다. (3) 實施方法 본 연구에 필요한 검사는 질문지를 사용하여 學級別 集團 검사방식으로, 각 담임의 감독하에 1990년 2월 7일부터 2월 13일까지 7일, 간에 걸쳐 실시 및 회수되었다. (4) 資料處理 본 연구의 자료는 코딩작업후 SPSS 프로그램을 이용하여 전산처리 되었는데, 반분신뢰도 계수, 平均, 표준편차, t검증, Pearson 의 상관계수를 사용하였다. 3. 結果 본 연구의 문제를 규명하기 위하여, 설정된 假說을 검증한 결과는 다음과 같다. (1) 家庭環境과 學業成就와의 관계 家庭環境 중 부모의 社會 經濟的 地位와 養育態度는 아동의 學業成就에 영향을 주는 중요한 변인임이 밝혀졌다. 즉 社會·經濟的 地位가 높을수록, 養育態度가 肯定的일수록 아동의 學業成就가 높은 것으로 나타났다. (2) 家庭環境과 成敗歸因과의 관계 부모의 社會· 經濟的 地位와 養育態度는 아동의 학업에 대한 성패 귀인에 부분적으로 영향을 미치는 변인임이 밝혀졌다. (3) 學業成就와 成敗歸因과의 관계 學業成就는 학업에 대한 成敗歸因에 부분적으로 영향을 미치는 변인임이 밝혀졌다. (4) 性別과 成敗歸因과의 관계 性別은 학업의 成敗歸因에 영향을 미치지 않는 변인임이 밝혀졌다. (5) 成敗歸因과 下位要素 成敗歸因에 관계된 경우에서 <노력> 요소에 가장 높은 점수로 歸因하고 있다. 이상의 結果에서 다음과 같은 결론을 내릴 수 있다. 첫째, 家庭環境은 아동의 學業成就에 영향을 미치는 중요한 변인이 된다. 그러므로 아동의 학업성취를 높이려면, 아동이 지각한 家庭環境을 바람직한 방향으로 조성해야 할 것이다. 둘째, 아동이 지각하고 있는 학업에 대한 成敗原因을, 모든 상황에서 <노력>요소에 가장 많이 귀인한 결과는, 교사나 학부모가 아동에게 노력할 수있는 여건을 마련해 줌으로써 學業成就를 높일 수 있는 단서가 되며, 이것은 敎育的 意義로서 그 중요성을 시사하고 있다. A. Purpose and Hypothese The purpose of this study was to find out the relation between home environment academic achievement and success-failure attribution. In this study, home environment, was parental social economic status and parental child-rearing attitudes. A survey type of this study was designed to verify following hypotheses. <Hypotheses I> Home environment will effect on children's academic achievement as significant variable. <Hypothesis I-1> As parental social economic status, there will be difference in children's academic achievement. <Hypothesis I-2> As parental child-rearing attitudes, there will be difference in children's academic achievement. <Hypothesis II> Home environment will effect on children's success-failure attribution in school achievement as significant variable. <Hypothesis II-1> As parental social economic status, there will be difference in children's success-failure attribution in school achievement. <Hypothesis II-2> As parental child-rearing attitudes, there will be difference in children's success-failure attribution in school achievement. <Hypothesis III> Academic achievement will effect on children's success-failure attribution in school achievement as significant variable. <Hypothesis IV> Sex will effect on their success-failure attribution in school achievement as significant variable. B. Method The subjects of the sampling were 397 sixth graders (male:207, female:190) from two classes of each four elementary schools located in Seoul randomly sampled. The instruments used in this study were Social Economic Status Test(by Jae-Chang Lee, 1981), Parental Child-rearing Attitudes Test (by Sung-Sim Oh, 1982) and Success-failure Attribution in School Achievement Test(Young-Sin Park, 1989). Academic achievements scores were the average point of the second term this year. The data collected in this study was analyzed by Mean, Standard Deviation, T-test and Pearson's correlation coefficient through SPSS Program, especially applied by split-half-forms reliability. C. Results The results of these analyses summarized as follows. 1. Parental social economic status and parental child-rearing attitudes effected on their children's academic achievement significantly. That is, when parental social economic status was high more than low, children's academic achievement was high, and when parental child-rearing attitudes was positive more than negative, children's academic achievement was high. 2. Parental social economic status and parental child-rearing attitudes effected on causal element of their children's success-failure attribution partly in school achievement. 3. Academic achievement effected on causal element of success-failure attribution partly in school achievement. 4. Sex didn't effect on causal element of success-failure attribution in school achievement. 5. In all situation be related success-failure attribution, children attributed <effort> to high scores.

호텔의 자재구매 위험감소방안에 관한 연구

백분순 세종대학교 대학원 2002 국내석사

The purpose of this dissertation is to provide to the suppliers who want to sell their products to the hotels the effective marketing strategies through an empirical examination of the hotel's purchasing decision making. The findings of this study are as follows; First, the empirical analysis shows that the persons in charge of materials purchasing are afraid of disregard or blame made because of their wrong decision-making on new purchasing. Therefore, suppliers planning to sell their materials to hotels must supply to the hotels steady and credible information on their material and propagandize the merits of their materials in comparison with other materials secondly, the empirical analysis shows that the persons in charge of materials purchasing have enough talk with the practical users of materials in advance in order to reduce purchasing risk. In other words, the users of materials indirectly participate in decision-making on purchasing and therefore the suppliers must steadily propagandize to the users of materials the information on their materials and their merits. Thirdly, the empirical analysis shows that materials purchasing is well systemized in the hotels of the highest level and accordingly, to reduce perceived risk is considered to be comparatively less important. Therefore, suppliers must establish long-term transaction relationship with the person in charge of materials purchasing in the hotels of the secondly-highest or high level on the base of cooperation and trust. Finally, the empirical analysis shows that the pattern of materials purchasing is changing in hotels endeavor to satisfy customers by using fresh food just purchasing in the market not stockpile in the stock room and by offering special menu. As a result of this, stockrooms have come to be able to be used for other purposes and the efficient use of room has become possible. In addition, the reduction of personnels has come to occur naturally. Therefore, suppliers must propagandize through Internet materials with competitive power and give, in many ways, the information on their materials to the workers in the department of the kitchen of hotels. This study focused on the differences between the perceived risk and the perceived risk reduction characteristics towards the hospitality purchasing staff according to the types of hospitality materials, purchasing situations and hotel’s grades. However, the followings are the limitation of my research, therefore, further studies are required afterward. It is necessary that these analyses should not narrowed just only the hotels but to widen up to food & drink industry. So, those staff who engaged in food industry should be asked to know the differences about their opinions towards their purchasing risk and perceived risk reduction traits according to classifying them among material styles of food industry, purchasing reputation and regions.