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      • Bi-V-O와 Bi-Mo-O혼합 산화물 촉매에서 Bi의 역할

        김학록 부산대학교 2006 국내석사

        RANK : 247631

        The performance of bismuth in Bi-V-O catalyst for the selective oxidation of hydrogen sulfide containing excess water and ammonia was investigated. We also examined the role of bismuth in Bi-Mo-O catalyst for the ammoxidation of propylene to acrylonitrile. The catalysts were characterized using X-ray diffraction(XRD), BET, Temperature programmed Reduction(TPR), Temperature programmed Oxidation(TPO), and X-ray Photoelectron spectroscopy(XPS). Mechanical mixture of pure V2O5 and Bi2O3 showed synergistic effects in the selective oxidation of H2S. It was attributed to the migration of spillover oxygen, generated by Bi2O3 phase, which participated to the reoxidation of the reduced vanadium oxide phase. V-Bi-O/TiO2 catalyst also showed higher conversion of H2S than V2O5/TiO2. Two new active phases, Bi4V6O21 and BiVO4, were considered to increase the redox property of the catalyst. The activity of Bi-Mo-O catalyst in the ammoxidation of propylene was dependent on the phase of bismuth molybdate. The role of bismuth in Bi-Mo-O catalyst was also considered to participate the reoxidation of the partially reduced catalyst during the reaction.

      • 韓國의 安全保障機構 改善方案 硏究

        김학록 東國大學校 行政大學院 1998 국내석사

        RANK : 247615

        The brief definition of "National Security" can be described as "to achieve national goals through protecting values pursued by a nation from internal and external threats by military or non-military tools." If the essence of national security is to keep core values of a nation from any threat, however, it is not easy to find how to recognize the current and possible threats and to evaluate the importance of the threats, to develop countermeasures, and to make a corresponding decision. Therefore it is necessary to establish a specialized organization for national security policies to cope with threats that vary by the trend of diversifying national security environment and expanding realm of national security promptly and actively and to promote people's reliability by systematic and consistent policy development and it's execution for national security affairs. Main advanced countries including US have their own specialized organizations for national security policies as a committee for establishing, coordinating, and controlling national security policies though the function and status of the organizations are different from each other. In general, the president of the country call and preside over the committee and limited members of minister participate in the meeting as standing members. The committee discusses and decides policies about national security and crisis management and also carries out advisory functions. Recently, ministers of financial departments tend to participate in the committee as the importance of industrial mobilization is added. In addition there are also significant numbers of experts for developing, supporting, analyzing, and evaluating policies in the working-level institutions of the committee. The specialized organization for national security policies in Korea is the National Security Council(the Council) established in Nov. 1963 but its role has weakened since the president Chun's government and, finally, it became a just nominal organization in the president Kim, Young- Sam's government even there was not a substantial meeting in the government. Fortunately, however, there were some efforts to reorganize the Council such as the amendment of the organizational law and the restoration of the General Administration Office in the president Kim, Dae-Jung's government but there still remains many things to be settled for the Council to be an actual coordinating and controlling organization of national security policies. At first, the legal status and function of the Council must be strengthened. That is, its current status as an advisory for the president prior to the discussion of State Council must be moved to the final organization for the examination of national security policies and, besides, some additional functions for crisis management, leading role at war-time, and northern policies must be included to its original functions for foreign, military, and domestic policies related to national security. Secondly, the resonable reorganization of the Council members and the reinforcement of subordinate offices must be considered. That is, the chief of staff in the Presidential Secretariat and the Senior Secretary of foreign affairs and National Security must be replaced by the Minister of MOFE and the chairman of Emergency Planning Committee as standing members and the Senior Secretary of foreign affairs and National Security had better participate in the Council as observer's status. In addition, the General Administration Office, an working-level institution, must be supplemented with specialists in each field and sub-institutions such as Management Office, Policy Coordination Office, and National Consolidated situation room. Thirdly, the discussion of the Council must be a compulsory process by legalization when there happens emergency in national security and the characteristics of the discussion should not be just ceremonial for public information but substantial for real world policy development. In conclusion, this paper suggests how to improve the National Security Council to strengthen the decision-making system of national security policies and this kind of study must be reflected on legislation and execution through more systematic and substantial discussion between related institutions. In addition, the top decision maker's strong will and effort is indispensable for successful operation of the Council because any system, however excellent it may be, can not be effective if the capacity and effort of its operator is not followed.

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