경쟁전력시장 환경에서의 중장기 시장예측과 전력수급해석

김창수 경북대학교 대학원 2005 국내박사

(Abstract) This paper presents mid and long term market price and reasonable capacity margin of restructured competitive electricity market in Korea. Generally, It has used market simulation model, time series stochastic model, and system dynamics model for forecasting market price. This paper used market simulation model. This paper used also statistical method to considering uncertainty of mid and long term forecast while using simulation technology. The past electricity industry has been operated by the monopolistic company, and it integrated generation, transmission, distribution and sales sectors vertically. However competitive system was introduces in electricity industry in Korea due to the worldwide liberalization and restructuring effort. Recently KEPCO disintegrated generation sector to six electricity generation companies (GENCOs). In generation sector, Cost Based Pool (CBP) was adopted as a limited competitive market. * A thesis submitted to the Council of the Graduate School of Kyungpook National University in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Engineering in December 2005. Generation company managed investment cost by electricity rate before restructuring. Therefore, government ruled mid-term investment planning and electricity rate. Currently, cost returning mechanism has been changed as an investment cost of generation company was returned by sales of electricity and revenue from the market. Therefore, it is very significant to analyze mid and long term price forecasting of generation company, and also investment size. The policy for stable supply and demand of electricity has been affected by those values. At first, this paper analyzes market price decision algorithm of Korean CBP (cost based pool) and TWBP(two way bidding pool) using market simulation. Then it analyzes the effects to the mid to long term market price and supply-demand. Uncertainty of future maintenance and hindrance of generators were included in the simulation model. Furthermore, Loss of load probability and price cap were considered for analyzing market price hike of electricity due to the lack of reserve. This paper uses improved POWRSYM program to study mid and long term market simulation, and proves the availability comparing real SMP data of CBP market and results of simulation. Secondly, this paper presents forecasts of mid and long term market price and proper capacity margin using simulation method. It analyzes profit by generation resources of generation company caused by capacity margin change using the simulation. Market price influenced annual revenue of generator, and drew the level of reserve for managing fuel cost and fixed cost (facility investment and O&M cost). This capacity margin is the level to fulfill proper conditions for supply and demand by introducing market. It would be compared with the past monopolistic generation company’s capacity margin. Furthermore, it proves that reduce of reserve would influence reduce of facility investment cost by competition of generation sector. As mentioned above, market price is changed by reserve, and reserve is change by maintenance plan of generation company. It means that maintenance plan is directly related to the mid and long term profit of generator. Maximum load appears in summer season, but profit of generator by simulation is maximum in winter season. In summer, average market price is minimum. The reason is that continuance time of high level load is short, and the high market price could not be continued long enough. This paper presents that kind of load pattern and planning maintenance by characteristics of generation resources could be analyzed through simulation in trial. Finally, this paper evaluates profit analysis and economical efficiency of CHP by introducing competitive market. In case of absence of market, there was no objective standard to evaluate generating electricity. However, due to economical value of generation sector was drew by adopting market system, the cost of operation of CHP generator and the value of produce of electricity and heat are drew in same time. This paper presents profit of CHP generator and value change of electricity sector through analysis of market operation.

표면 개질 및 나노 입자 화를 통한 리튬이차전지용 양극분말의 전기화학적 특성 개선

김창수 경기대학교 일반대학원 2013 국내석사

Since the birth of the lithium ion batteries in the early 1990s, their development have been very rapid and they has been widely applied as power sources for electronics, vehicles, and energy storage systems due to their significant advantages over traditional rechargeable battery systems. Recent research results confirm the importance of structural surface features of the components for their electrochemical performance of lithium batteries. In this study, the safety and cyclic performance of Li-ion batteries are primarily related to the surface reaction between cathode of Li[Ni0.33Co0.33Mn0.33]O2 and electrolyte. One promising approach to improve the electrochemical property of the lithium batteries is surface modification of cathode using stable and conductive materials to protect from reactive electrolyte. Specially, FeF3 is effective coating material from protecting surface. The optimum amount of coating for the electrochemical property may 0.5 or 1wt% of pristine powder. It confirmed that FeF3 coating is enhanced thermal stability of the sample. And the polydopamine-assisted carbon coated Li[Ni0.33Co0.33Mn0.33]O2 cathod e is expected to show improved electrochemical performance due to high electronic conductivity of surface carbon particles and their protection effect from the reactive electrolyte. In this another study, overall electrochemical performance of the lithium ion batteries truly dependent upon the cathode materials. Li(Li2MnO3–LiMO2(M=Ni0.5Mn0.5, Co, Ni)) : Lithium rich compounds are one of the most attractive cathode materials due to their high capacity and low cost. Approach to enhance the rate capability, nanosized lithium rich compound (Li[Li0.2Ni0.16Mn0.56Co0.08]O2) was fabricated combustion method. Using surfactants (HPC, gelatin, and sucrose) was successfully decreased the particle size and increased the surface area of the Li[Li0.2Ni0.16Mn0.56Co0.08]O2 powder, which means the surfactants effectively dispersed the particles. The samples prepared using the surfactants were effectively enhanced the capacity and some surfactants such as HPC also improve the rate capability because of the increased surface area. However, increased surface area leads to the deterioration of cyclic performance due to the activation of unwanted side reaction between electrode and electrolyte. However, the sample prepared using HPC showed better cyclic performance. This may attributed to the enhanced crystallinity of the sample prepared using HPC as a surfactant. In contrast, the sample prepared using gelatin showed inferior cyclic performance due to low crystallinity.

國際 포트폴리오의 收益率分布改善 效果에 관한 硏究 : 3,4次 積率을 중심으로

김창수 서울大學校 大學院 1991 국내석사

금강하구역에서 HF radar로 관측한 해수유동장의 시·공간 특성분석과 예측모델 기반구축

김창수 群山大學校 2017 국내박사

Coastal circulation and tidal currents in the Keum River estuary are changed by the external forcing of wind and freshwater discharge and by the interaction between currents and artificial shoreline formed by the Saemangeum tide dike. The objects of this study are 1) to analyze the spatial distribution of tidal current characteristics, temporal and spatial variations of the surface ocean currents induced by wind in winter, 2) examine the causal relationship based on the dynamic analysis and correlation relationship between external forcing and surface current field, and 3) investigate the base of current prediction model development using time-series data analysis results. To do this, HFR-derived current data in summer and winter 2007, and summer 2008, and currents and salinity data from a moored buoy are analyzed. The M2 tidal ellipses basically rotate counterclockwise in the HFR observation area in winter and summer. The tidal current motion is ellipsoidal in the offshore area and changes in to rectilinear as approaching to the coastline. In particular, major axis of the tidal ellipse around the Keum River estuary mouth is larger in summer than in winter. The phase difference of the maximum flood current occurrence between summer and winter is about 10°, indicating that the phase in winter is delayed by 20 minutes compared with summer. These phenomena are interpreted by the tidal straining effect associating to the vertical stratification due to large river discharge in summer. In winter 2007, surface currents are mainly generated by northwesterly Asian monsoon winds, and the local upwind flow is observed in the near-shore region around the river mouth after 3 ~ 4 days of strong northwesterly wind event. From the EOF analysis, 94% of surface current variability is correlated to the wind variation. Dynamic analysis of the local upwind flow generation process elucidates that the upwind flow was mainly caused by pressure gradient force due to sea level slope. Based on the correlation analysis and dynamic analysis, a surface current prediction model is setup and the errors of model current generated by the predicted wind data are tested in this study. In the summer 2008, the expansion progress of the intensive river plume from the Keum River estuary due to large freshwater discharge is observed from the hourly surface current data, and concurrently detected in the vertical variations of salinity at buoy mooring point. The surface current is highly correlated with the wind as well as the Keum Rive outflow velocity representing freshwater discharge effect, suggesting temporal and spatial complexity of current variation in summer. These results found by current and salinity time series data will contribute in future to the further developing of the surface current prediction model in the study area where coastal development will continue.

人工微小缺損材의 下限界 附近 疲勞크랙 成長 特性

김창수 慶北産業大學校 産業大學院 1993 국내석사

缺陷이나 介在物에 對한 破壤力學的 理論이 完全히 確立되지 못한 實情에서 疲勞强度에 미치는 缺陷의 影響은 多樣한 因子를 가지게 된다. 本 硏究에서는 이들 因子를 單純化하고 缺陷과 크랙을 同一視하며, 人工微小缺陷의 깊이變化에 따른 缺陷先端에서의 크랙發生과 成長, 疲勞限度레벨에서 停留크랙擧動, 크랙의 下限界特性을 調査하여 缺陷이나 介在物의 疲勞强度에 미치는 影響을 考察하고자 한다. 本 硏究에서는 機械構造用 低炭素鋼材인 SM15C를 使用하였고, 疲勞實驗을 施行할 試驗片은 精密加工 後 sand-paper를 利用하여 表面硏磨를 實施하였으며 最終 Diamond compound로 處理하였다. 이들 試驗片의 人工缺陷加工은 直徑 300㎛의 드릴을 使用하여 缺陷깊이 150㎛, 300㎛, 450㎛各各 새 種類를하였다. 本 實驗에 使用한 回轉굽힘疲勞試驗機는 one's type으로서 容量은 10Kgf-m, 3600 r.p.m이다. 疲勞크랙 擧動의 觀察 및 測定은 光學顯微鏡과 移動式龜裂길이測定用顯微鏡을 利用하였다. 以上과 같은 方法에 의해서 試驗한 結果 얻어진 結論은 다음과 같다. 1) 本 實驗에 使用한 SM15C材의 平滑材 疲勞限度는 205 MPa이고, 直徑 300㎛, 깊이가 150㎛과 300㎛의 人工缺陷을 가진 A, B材의 疲勞限度는 196 MPa이며, 直徑 300㎛ 깊이가 450㎛인 C材의 疲勞限度는 180 MPa이다. 2) 疲勞限度의 30%와 40%높은 應力에서 反復한 크랙成長曲線은 高 應力에서 疲勞크랙成長이 빠르고, A, B, C材 모두의 크랙成長速度가 ΔK로서 정리 가능하다. 이것은 疲勞크랙成長에 對해서 應力의 大小와 缺陷의 깊이에 關係없이 一定하고, 本 實驗에서의 ΔKth=4.2 MPa√(m) 이다. 3) 人工缺陷의 깊이와 表面部의 最小크랙길이의 對應에서, 缺陷의 깊이는 缺陷先端에서 반원상의 初期크랙形成에 큰 影響을 미치고 그 以後는 반복하중의 크기에 따라서 성장 혹은 停留하므로 큰 影響을 미치지 못한다. 4) 本 實驗에 使用한 缺陷材의 疲勞限度는 平滑材의 疲勞限度에 비해서 5~10% 低下하였고, 疲勞限度에 影響을 미치지않는 許容缺陷 깊이는 約 70 ㎛이다. In fracture mechanics, the effects of the defects or foreign materials are not clearly known. The defects, however, are supposed to affect the fatigue strength in a broad way. This study simplifies these factor to analyze the effect of the defect and foreign materials. Those effects were identified by investigating the propagation and growth of the crack at the defect edge due to the variation of the depth of the micro-hole defect, crack behavior at the fatigue limit, and the relationship between crack and the threshold stress intensity factor. Micro holes of specimens is use to drill ( the distance across : 300 ㎛ ), the defect depth of specimens are as sheet ( 150 ㎛. 300 ㎛, 450 ㎛). This experiment Fill use rotary bending fatigue teter of ono's type and capacity is l0Kgf-m, 3600 R.P.M. Observation of fatigue crack behavior and measurement are use travelling microscope together with microscope. Results above mentioned method is as bellow. 1) Fatigue limit of SM15C is 205Mpa and fatigue limit of A, B series is 196Mpa of which across 300㎛, deepth 150㎛, hole defect 300㎛ and fatigue limit is 186㎛ which across 300㎛, deepth 450㎛ 2) Repeatedly crack growth rate is more fast into high stress ( from 30 t o 40%) of fatigue limit, interval of crack growth rate was possible to ΔKth equation as order of A, B, C series. This experiment is take threshold stress intensity factor range AKth=4.2 MP□ 3) Deepth of hole defect and minium length of surface parts, defect depth have been influence of defect surface a half circle ststue and the other part is not influence that according to repetition load. 4) This study is used fatigue limit of defect stuff lower ( 5 - 10%) more than fatigue defect of smooth specimens, allowance deepth is about 70㎛. which is not consideration at fatigue limit. Sentence are the fatigue strength and the fatigue limits obtained by varying the depth of the micro-hole defect on carbon steel which is practically used.

부분획 분할 및 결합에 의한 온라인 흘림체 한글 인식

김창수 연세대학교 1999 국내박사

강화지역 아동의 12년간 신체성장의 변화

김창수 연세대학교 대학원 2000 국내석사

신장, 체중 등의 신체지표들을 적절한 시간간격을 가지고 정확하게 측정하는 것은 소아치료의 분야에 있어 매우 중요한 부분이다. 그러나 이러한 연구 자료를 얻는 것은 현실적으로 매우 어렵기 때문에 대규모의 단면연구를 통해 얻어진 자료를 이용하여 성장 발달을 평가하고 있다. 이러한 자료는 연구대상의 성성숙도가 개개인마다 다르고, 따라서 사춘기의 시작 시점이 다르기 때문에 실제 정상 아동들의 성장형태를 정확히 반영하지 못하며, 성장곡선이 사춘기의 급성장 단계에서 평탄하거나, 완만하게되는 경향을 보인다. 본 연구에서는 한 지역사회에 거주하는 아동을 대상으로 한 장기 추적조사를 통하여 신체성장의 변화를 파악하고자 하였다. 연구대상은 1986년 현재 경기도 강화군 강화읍 소재 초등학교 1학년생 전체 (남자 211명, 여자 219명)로 구성된 “강화연구(The Kangwha study)”에서 선정하였다. 1997년까지 12년간 매해 동일한 시기에 학교를 방문하여 신체측정을 하였으며, 92∼94년에는 성성숙도를 측정하였다. 최종연구대상은 12년간 신체측정을 모두 실시한 남자 100명, 여자 119명이었다. 연구대상들의 나이는 같은 학년이라도 입학당시의 연령이 서로 다르기 때문에 측정당시의 연령을 기준으로 분석하였다. 측정변수들을 평균값과 10p, 20p, 50p, 75p, 90p로 나누어 연령에 따른 변화를 분석하였으며, 성성숙단계에 따른 신체성장의 변화를 분석하기 위해 13세에 측정한 음모와 생식기발달단계를 이용하였다. 또한 여자에서는 설문조사를 통해 조사한 초경 시작시점을 이용하였으며, 초경시작시점을 25p미만, 25-75p, 75p이상의 3개의 그룹으로 나누어 분석하였다. 성성숙도의 차이에 따른 신체성장의 변화를 분석하기 위해 분산분석과 다변량 분산분석을 이용하였다. 연구결과 7세의 신장은 남자 121.8cm, 여자 120.5cm로 남자의 신장이 컸으며, 신장의 급성장이 일어나는 시기는 남자 12-14세, 여자 10-12세였다. 남자는 12∼13세에 연평균 7.9cm가 성장하여 성장속도가 가장 컸으며, 여자는 10∼11세에 연평균 6.7cm가 성장하여 여자가 남자보다 약 2년 정도 빨리 급성장기가 나타났지만, 평균 성장속도는 남자가 컸다. 여자에서 신장의 급성장기에 해당하는 10-12세의 신장은 남자보다 컸지만, 13세 이후에는 남자의 신장이 여자보다 컸다. 체중의 변화는 남녀 모두 신장의 급성장이 일어나는 시기에 다른 연령보다 증가속도가 빨랐으며, 신장과 마찬가지로 14세 이후부터는 남자의 체중이 여자보다 컸다. 체질량지수는 남녀 모두 연령이 증가함에 따라 점차적으로 증가하였으며, 이러한 증가는 남자에서는 비지방조직의 증가로 인하여 발생하였지만, 여자에서는 지방조직의 증가로 인하여 체질량지수가 증가하였다. 남자의 체질량지수가 11세까지는 여자보다 컸으나, 12세부터는 여자가 컸다. 음모 발달 단계가 빠른 경우 남자에서는 7-9세까지 신장과 체중, 체질량지수가 음모 발달이 느린 경우보다 컸으며, 체중과 체질량지수의 경우에는 이러한 경향이 17세까지 지속되었다. 그러나 신장은 14세 이후에는 음모발달단계와 차이가 없었다. 여자에서는 음모발달이 빠른 경우에 신장과 체중은 7∼9세의 기간동안 음모발달이 느린 경우보다 켰으나, 14세 이후에는 신장과 체중 및 체질량지수의 차이는 없었다. 그러나 여자에서 7∼9세의 기간에는 초경시작 연령이 빠른 경우에 신장과 체중, 체질량지수 모두가 초경시작 연령이 느린 경우보다 높은 값을 보였으며, 체중과 체질량지수는 17세까지 초경시작 연령이 빠른 경우에 지속적으로 높았다. 이러한 연구결과는 사춘기 시작 연령의 차이와 비만이 서로 관련성이 있음을 나타낸다. 그러나 사춘기 시작 연령이 출생체중과 태내의 환경, 출생이후의 성장환경과도 관련성이 있기 때문에 신체성장의 변화를 정확히 파악하기 위해서는 이러한 요인의 고려가 필요하다. 그러나 이러한 제한점에도 불구하고 본 연구의 결과는 우리나라에서 최초로 장기적인 추적조사를 통하여 신체성장의 변화를 파악하였으며, 성성숙도에 따른 신체성장의 변화를 파악했다는데 그 의의가 있다. 신체성장의 변화를 정확히 파악하기 위해서는 산모의 상태와 태내의 환경, 출생체중에 대한 정확한 조사와 신체성장 뿐만 아니라 출생이후의 환경의 영향을 고려할 수 있는 보다 대표성 높고 큰 규모의 연구가 필요하다. Age differences in height and weight derived from cross-sectional studies can be the result of differential secular influences among the age cohorts. To assess physical growth exactly, longitudinal studies are required. In Korea, no study has been published which uses longitudinal study. The purpose of this study was to assess physical growth at different ages from childhood to adulthood, and to examine long-term relations among timing of puberty, height, weight and BMI. Anthropometry were measured every year from entrance into primary school until graduation from high school. A total of 430 first graders have been followed annually up to 1997. Sexual maturation status was assessed between 12 and 14 y. Among the 430 children, 100 boys and 119 girls were completely followed up. Data for 100 males and 119 females were analyzed. Peak height velocity occurred at 12∼14 years in boys and 10∼12 years in girls. Whole-year peak height velocity is 7.9cm/y in boys and 6.7cm/y in girls. The mean BMIs of boys and girls was gradually increased between 7 and 17 y. A different pattern was found for the increase of BMI between boys and girls in these age period: for boys this increase was mainly caused by an increase in nonfatty tissue, whereas for girls it was caused by an increase in fat tissue. Weight and BMI of rapidly maturing boys based on pubic hair development stage were significantly higher than that of slowly maturing boys between 7 and 17 y. For girls, weight and BMI of the rapidly maturing girls, based on either pubic hair development stage or age at menarche, were also higher than for the slowly maturing girls over the entire period of study. In conclusion, girls experienced sexual maturation and growth spurt earlier than boys but the magnitudes of height and weight velocity were smaller. Children, who matured rapidly, were more obese than slowly maturing children between 7 and 17 y. This result showed that weight and BMI were related to the timing of puberty. Associations between intrauterine environment and nutrition may be confounded by, or mediated through, effects on this result.

기업체 임직원의 조직에서의 신뢰에 관한 연구 : D社 사례를 중심으로

김창수 연세대학교 교육대학원 2003 국내석사

본 연구에서는 인재개발 및 육성의 중요성이 갈수록 심화되고 있는 지식정보화 사회에 기업내부 구성원들의 조직신뢰가 어떠한가를 실증적으로 분석하고자 다음과 같은 연구문제를 알아보았다. 첫째, 기업의 구성원들이 자신이 속한 조직에 대한 신뢰가 어떠한가. 둘째, 구성원들의 조직 신뢰가 ① 직군 ② 직급 ③ 보직(팀원/팀장/본부장) ④ 근속년수 ⑤ 최종학력 ⑥ 성별과 같은 변인에 따라 차이가 있는가. 이상의 연구문제를 파악하기 위해 로버트 레버링이 개발한 레버링 신뢰경영지수(The Levering Trust Index)를 사용하여 D사 임직원을 대상으로 자료를 수집, 분석하였다. 수집된 자료는 빈도분석, t-test, 변량분석을 하였으며, 그 결과는 다음과 같다. 첫째, D사 임직원들의 조직에 대한 신뢰는 최소치 3.00(재미)에서 최대치 3.26(자부심)으로 보통의 수준이다. 둘째, 진실성에서 생산부문이 영업/마케팅 및 연구/개발 부문과, 자부심에서 생산부문이 연구/개발 부문보다 통계적으로 유의하게 높은 것으로 나타났다. 셋째, 임원과 1급 등 높은 직급이 타 직급에 비해 다섯 가지 요소에서 모두 높게 응답하였다. 진실성에서 임원은 기타 전직급보다, 재미를 제외한 네 가지 하위요소에서 임원은 2급에서 5급 이하의 모든 직급보다 통계적으로 유의미하게 높았다. 1급 또한 3 - 5급 이하의 직급과 통계적으로 유의미한 차이가 나타났다. 넷째, 일반 팀원이나 연구원보다 팀장이나 지구장 또는 본부장 등이 더 높은 신뢰를 나타내고 있다. 진실성에서는 팀원/연구원이 본부장/임원과 통계적으로 유의미하게 낮았다. 개인존중에서는 세 집단간 모두와, 공정성에서는 팀원/연구원이 다른 두 집단보다 통계적으로 유의미하게 낮았다. 자부심에서는 팀원/연구원과 팀장/지구장간에 차이가 나타났으며, 재미에서는 팀원/연구원과 본부장/임원간에 통계적으로 유의하게 낮은 것으로 나타났다. 다섯째, 11년 이상의 근속년수를 가진 집단이 기타 집단에 비해 높은 신뢰를 나타냈다. 진실성에서 11년 이상이 나머지 모든 집단과 통계적으로 유의미한 차이를 보였다. 개인존중, 공정성, 자부심에서는 11년 이상의 집단이 7년 미만의 모든 집단과 통계적으로 유의미한 차이를 보였으며, 재미에서는 11년 이상 집단이 5년 미만의 집단과 통계적으로 유의한 차이가 나타났다. 여섯째, 전문대졸 집단이 타집단에 비해 더 높은 신뢰를 나타냈다. 진실성과 자부심에서 전졸이 학사 이상 집단이 통계적으로 유의미하게 높았고, 재미에서 전졸이 학사집단과 통계적으로 유의미하게 높았다. 일곱째, 성별에 따라서는 통계적으로 유의한 차이가 나타나지 않았다. The purpose of this study was to investigate the organizational trust of employee. The subjects for this study were 422 employee who work for D Corporation. They were asked to fill out the The Levering Trust Index. In order to examine differences in the Levering Trust Index score, t-test and ANOVA was computed and analyzed. The results were as follows; 1. A significant differences within groups of work was noted in credibility and pride. 2. A significant differences within subjects classes was noted in all factors. 3. A significant differences within subjects position was noted in all factors. 4. A significant differences within subjects period for the company was noted in all factors. 5. A significant differences within subjects educational course was noted in credibility, pride and fun. 6. A significant differences between subjects gender was not noted. The Knowledge gained through the present study would seem to have implication in understanding human resources management and Development in Korean company.

초·중등학교 비정규직 관련법제 개선방안 연구

김창수 창원대학교 2012 국내석사

Abstract A Study on the Legal Improvements of School Contingent Employees by Kim, Chang- Soo Department of Labor Law Graduate School of Labor Studies Changwon National University Changwon, Korea Directed by Professor Kim, Myong-Yong This essay will explain both 'What is a contingent worker?' and will help the reader understand the relationship between regular workers and contingent workers. It is also oriented to be helpful for school administrators to make a rational and scientific policy of their contingent workers, by analyzing last policies to improve their unfair treatment and also to understand that there still are problems. It also suggests an improvement measure of laws and rules ruling out school contingent workers. For the purpose of this research, this essay mainly referred to government policy book which has been made by the Minister of Employment and Labor and the Minister of Education, Science and Technology from 2002. Also deeply consulted were the guidebooks which were made by some assemblymen for discussions in 2007. The main research object was '2011 State and Condition of School Contingent Workers' which was sent to the assemblyman, Kun, Y. K. Summarizing these results about problems of school contingent workers. First, there is a need to unify the policies which differ between each province. Second, even though contingent workers may have an indefinite contract system, there is still an uncertainty of employment. And thus we can assume that we need to take in the system of the province-based direct employment system or converting their contingent status to regular workers. Third, on seeing the wage improving system done so far, the fee for welfare is still only a third or half of what regular workers receive, the extra money for long duty engaged is not exceeding 80,000won even if they have worked over 18 years. On national holidays, regular workers can be given up to 60% of their main salary while the contingent workers can be given only 200,000 won total. Their former school experience also cannot be accepted. All these are unfair compared to those of regular workers. Fourth, to improve welfare and morale, to treat contingent workers as real colleagues, and to respect one other, we need to get rid of their name 'assist', and make a proper name for their position. To make it fair, we have to extend their retirement age from 57 years to 60, grant awards to them to acknowledge their accomplishments and sometimes give training sessions for refreshing job requirements. For all these to be made, there needs to be a government-based policy. What kind of legal sources can make us assert these kinds of things? First, in Article 8 of the Law for Fixed Term and Contingent Workers, school contingent workers are the same as regular workers in a certain sections. Therefore, there cannot be discrimination of employment, wage and welfare. Second, according to Article 6 of the Labor Standard Law, no one can discriminate against someone's social status. But, sometimes in schools, a school contingent worker is left at work answering phones or assisting visitors when everybody else is out partying or out to dinner. And regular school workers often call the contingent workers 'aunt' or 'uncle' to place them as their assistant. Third, according to the idea of equality in the national Constitution, all discrimination of school contingent workers should be abolished in schools, especially regarding the right to life and the dignity of man. Fourth, according to the Law for work and home-management and of sex equality in employment, discrimination between the contracts of contingent and regular workers in the section of holidays regarding child-care or menstruation is another of those which should be abolished.

콜라겐으로 유도된 류마티스 관절염 동물에서 우슬(牛膝)의 치료효과 및 관절활막세포에서의 염증반응 억제효과 연구

김창수 동국대학교 대학원 2011 국내박사