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産業災害 豫防을 위한 TPA 反應器의 危險性 評價에 관한 硏究
김석탁 東亞大學校 産業大學院 1992 국내석사
Safety concerns on chemical processing plants have been rapidly increased as the size of plants became bigger and more complex. In this study, a purified TPA(terephthalic acid) reactor is mainly examined. Since the oxidation of p-xy-lene which is one of the most hazardous reactions is processed in it. HAZOP(Hazard Operability study) in qualitative methods and FTA in quantitative ones are used to evaluate the TPA risks. In addition, the digraph algorithm by Allen and Rao is used for precise FTA syntheses. Several necessary modifications on the design of the reactor are identified after analyzing the reactor by HAZOP. They are : 1. Installation of an additional flow transducer(FT) on the air inlet pipe is recommended due to the relatively high FTs' fault rate. The system reliability could be increased since the inspection interval must be shorter than before due to the additional FT. 2. Installations of an N_(2) line to TPA reactor, a flow control valve, a controller, and an interlock with the FT of air inlet pipe are recommended to prevent explosions from the beginning. 3. Installations of an additional FT of p-xylene, acetic acid and an interlock with the FCV of N_(2) line are recommended. 4. Installations of an interlock with LAHH(Level alarm high high) of the reactor body, a trip system of PXA line, and an additional level transducer are recommended. The modified TPA reactor designed by HAZOP contributes to reduce the hazard rates remarkably from 2.00×10^(-4) faults per year to 2.04×10^(-6) on TPA reactor explosions. In addition, the availability of the alarm and trip system which could protect against emergencies is studied. It is found that the availability of the trip system does not meet the control limit. Therefore, it is necessary to inspect the system at least every two month, or the system must be replaced with different one which keeps the fault rate less than 0.02 per year.
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