警察의 犯罪被害者 保護에 관한 硏究

권세도 조선대학교 일반대학원 2017 국내박사

전통적인 형사사법 패러다임에서는 범죄자 처벌에만 초점이 맞춰져 있어서 범죄피해자는 고려대상이 못한 채 잊혀진 존재에 불과하였다. 수사절차에서 범죄피해자의 권리를 강화하고 범죄피해의 원상회복을 위해서 경찰의 범죄피해자 보호의 패러다임도 변화되어야 할 필요가 있다. 1980년대 중반 이후 범죄피해자에 대한 인식의 변화되었으며, 범죄피해자에 대한 권리와 보호를 위한 노력들이 지속되어 왔다. 경찰의 범죄피해자 보호는 현실적으로 범죄피해를 입은 국민뿐만 아니라 잠재적 범죄피해자인 일반 국민과 경찰 사이에 연대감을 높여 줄 수 있다는 점에서 최선의 범죄예방정책이라고 할 수 있다. 경찰은 범죄예방단계에서부터 일반 국민과의 접촉 기회가 많고 범죄현장은 물론 범죄 종료 후에도 가장 먼저 피해자와 접촉하는 관계로 범죄피해자 보호대책은 경찰활동에서부터 시작된다. 이러한 점에서 경찰은 범죄피해자의 보호를 위한 가장 실효적인 대책을 수립하고 시행하여야 할 형사사법 기관이라고 할 수 있다. 회복적 사법 이념에 입각한 경찰활동은 경찰과 지역사회와의 유기적인 협력을 통해 지역사회의 역량을 강화시키고 지역사회 내의 범죄문제의 해결뿐만 아니라 범죄피해자 보호를 위한 근본적인 대안이 될 수 있다. 그러나 범죄피해자 보호를 위한 다양한 프로그램을 시행하고 있는 경찰의 노력에도 불구하고 현실적으로 경찰의 범죄수사는 여전히 검거위주의 관행과 실적 우선의 논리 속에 운영되어 온 것이 현실이다. 그러다 보니 경찰의 범죄피해자 보호는 실질적이라기보다는 상징적인 것에 가까운 것이었다고 할 수 있다. 지금까지 경찰의 범죄피해자 보호는 주로 강력범죄의 피해자를 중심으로 이루어져 왔다. 그러나 범죄의 다양성에 비추어보면 범죄피해자도 다양한 범죄양상에 따라 그 피해 형태도 다르게 나타난다. 따라서 경찰의 범죄피해자 보호대책은 범죄유형별로 수립하고 시행할 필요가 있다. 또한 경찰은 어느 기관 보다 범죄피해자를 가장 먼저 발견하는 지위에 있고, 피해의 초동단계에서의 개입에 결정적인 역할을 한다. 그러므로 초동수사과정에서 범죄피해자 보호를 위한 다양한 노력이 필요하다. 이 논문에서는 경찰의 범죄피해자 보호를 중심으로, 특히 수사경찰의 범죄피해자보호의 방안을 주제로 하고 있다. 논의의 범위를 효과적으로 하기 위해서 경찰이 피해자 지원과 관련된 논의는 불가피하게 필요한 부분에 대해서만 다루기로 하고, 범죄피해자 보호와 관련된 경찰의 방안을 중점으로 다루고 있다. 이 논문에서는 형사사법의 패러다임 변화에 맞추어 경찰의 범죄피해자 보호의 패러다임도 변화되어야 한다는 전제에서, 범죄 피해자의 보호를 위한 가장 실효적인 대책을 수립하고 실행할 수 있는 기관으로서 경찰의 범죄피해자보호를 위한 방향설정을 정리하고자 한다. 특히 범죄 현장에서 범죄피해자를 가장 먼저 만나게 되는 경찰 역할의 중요성에 대한 인식을 토대로 경찰의 범죄피해자보호를 범죄유형별로 개별화하고, 특히 초동수사에서 범죄피해자 보호의 문제점과 개선방안을 중심으로 국민과 경찰의 신뢰구축을 위한 범죄피해자보호의 정책을 위한 실질적 방안을 제고하고자 한다. 이러한 논의를 위해서 아래와 같은 내용을 다루고 있다. 먼저 전통적인 형사사법의 패러다임에서 범죄피해자의 지위를 평가한다. 그리고 피해자학의 관점과 회복적 사법의 이념이 형사사법의 패러다임 변화의 계기로 작용하고 있다는 점을 설명하고 있다. 그리고 형사사법에서 경찰의 역할을 경찰의 경찰작용을 중심으로 살펴보고, 사회변화에 따른 경찰작용의 확대와 역할변화에 대해서 논의한다. 그리고 경찰단계에서 범죄와 범죄피해자의 개념정의를 통해 그 범위를 확정하고 경찰단계에서 범죄피해자의 지위를 고찰한다. 또한 경찰의 범죄피해자 보호에 대한 다양한 논의를 위해서 외국 경찰의 범죄피해자 보호를 위한 경찰 조직과 운영 및 보호내용을 중심으로 현황을 소개한다. 범죄유형에 따른 실효적인 범죄피해자 보호방안을 추출하기 위해서 강력범죄, 성폭력범죄, 가정폭력범죄 그리고 재산범죄에 대해서 각각의 범죄유형에 따른 범죄피해자의 특징을 분석하고, 범죄피해자에 대한 경찰수사과정의 문제점을 검토하고 있다. 또한 수사단계에 따른 범죄피해자 보호방안을 초동수사, 부수적 수사 그리고 범죄피해자 조사로 구분하여 검토한 후 개선방안을 제시하고 있다. 형사절차에서의 피해자 권리 보호는 수사절차상의 피해자보호로부터 출발해야 한다는 인식에 바탕을 두고 초동수사 단계에서의 피해자보호시책을 실천 가능한 모습으로 제시하고 있다. 경찰은 초동수사단계에서부터 신고, 접수, 출동 및 수사과정에 걸쳐 범죄피해자 중심적 사고와 절차 개선이 이루어져야 하며, 이러한 노력들이 경찰에 대한 신뢰를 국민에게 줄 수 있을 뿐만 아니라 사건의 실체적 진실을 발견에도 부합하는 것이라고 할 수 있다. In the traditional criminal justice paradigm, it was focused on only the criminal punishment, and the victim of the crime was regarded a forgotten existence. In the investigation process, to strengthen the rights of crime victims and to restore the criminal injury, the paradigm of the protection of the criminal victims by the police needs to be changed as well. Since the mid-1980s, there has been a change in perceptions of victims of crime, and efforts have been made to protect the victims of crime and their rights. At the point of that the protection of the criminal victims by the police can be best crime prevention in that it can raise a sense of solidarity between the police and the general public who are victims of potential crime as well as actual victims of crime. Police have many opportunities to contact the public from the crime prevention stage, and the crime scene, as well as the after the crime finished. Thus, police can be the first contact person with the victim. Therefore, measures to protect crime victims start with police activities. In this regard, the police are the criminal justice agencies that should establish and implement the most effective measures for the protection of victims of crime. Police activities based on the restorative justice principle, can be a fundamental alternative to the protection of crime victims as well as the strengthening of community capacity through the organic cooperation between the police and the community. However, in spite of the police's efforts to protect the victims of crime, in reality, the crime investigation of the police is still carried out in the logic of prioritized practices and performance priorities. So, it can be said that protection of crime victims by police was closer to symbolic than practical. Until now, the protection of crime victims by police has been mainly focused on victims of violent crime. However, in the light of the diversity of crime, victims of crime are also affected differently according to various crime patterns. Therefore, measures to protection of crime victims by police need to be established and implemented for each type of crime. Police are also in the position to find crime victims first than any other organization and play a decisive role in the intervention at the initial stages of the victim. Therefore, various efforts are needed to protect crime victims during the initial investigation. This paper focuses on the protection of the criminal victims by police, especially the protection of crime victims by investigative police. In order to be effective in the scope of the debate, the police will discuss only the inevitable part of the discussion related to victim support and focus on the police measures related to the protection of crime victims. In this paper, it is assumed that in accordance with the paradigm change of the criminal justice system, the paradigm of the protection of crime victims by police should be changed as well. Also by this paper, I want to show the correct direction to protect the criminal victims by police as an institution that can establish and implement the most effective measures for the protection of criminal victims. In particular, the protection of crime victims by police should be individualized according to the type of crime, based on the recognition of the importance of the role of a police officer who first seeks victims of crime in a crime scene. In particular, the primary investigation focuses on the problems of crime victim protection and improvement measures, and aims to improve the practical measures for the protection of crime victims for trust of the people and the police. For the purpose of above discussion, the following contents are covered. At first, this paper evaluates the status of crime victims in the traditional criminal justice paradigm. It also explains that the perspective of victimology and the ideology of restorative justice act as a trigger for the paradigm shift in criminal justice. And examining the role of the police in the criminal justice as the police function of the police, discuss the expansion and role change of the police function according to the social change. Through the definition of crime and crime victims at the police level, the scope of crime is defined and the status of victims of crime is examined at the police level. Also, for the various discussions on the protection of the criminal victims by police, the present situation of the police organization for the protection of the criminal victims by the foreign police and its operation and protection contents are introduced. In order to establish effective the measures for protection of crime victims according to crime types, this paper analyzes the characteristics of crime victims according to each crime type for violent crime, sexual violence crime, domestic violence crime and property crime. And it investigates the problem of the police investigation process for victims of crime. In addition, the measures to protect crime victims according to the investigation stage are divided into primary investigation, subordinate investigation and crime victim investigation. After reviewing these it suggests improvement measures. Based on the recognition that the protection of victims' rights in the criminal procedure should start from the protection of the victims in the investigation process, the measures to protect victims in the initial investigation stage are presented as practicable. Police should be involved in criminal victim-centered thinking and procedures during the period from the initial investigation to the filing, acceptance, dispatch and investigation. These efforts will not only give the public confidence in the police, but also match the factual truth of the case to the discovery.

클린턴行政府의 對北韓政策에 관한 硏究 : 變化와 爭點을 中心으로

권세도 延世大學校 行政大學院 2000 국내석사

본 논문의 목적은 클린턴行政府의 對北政策을 變化와 爭點을 中心으로 硏究·分析하여 이를 바탕으로 향후 美國의 對北政策을 전망하기 위함이다. 따라서 본 논문에서는 클린턴行政府의 對北政策에서 핵심되는 국내외적 요인과 쟁점을 중심으로 논의하였다. 그동안 클린턴行政府는 '自由主義的 國際主義'에 입각하여 한반도 전쟁예방, 핵동결, 미사일위협감축, 그리고 연착륙 등을 對北政策의 목표로 설정하고 北韓과의 접근을 확대하였다. 최근 美·北 베를린회담에서 北韓은 대포동 2호 발사를 보류하겠다는 의사를 밝혔다. 이에따라 美國은 제재조치 중 일부의 해제를 고려하는 등 對北包容政策을 개시하였으며, 對北政策의 핵심이라 할 수 있는 페리보고서도 발표하였다. 페리보고서의 기본적인 내용을 살펴보면, 핵·미사일 위협을 감축하기 위하여 美·北간에 포괄적인 兩者協商을 권고했다. 또한 단기적으로 北韓이 미사일 발사를 자제한다면 美國은 經濟制裁를 해제할 것을 권고했다. 그리고 美國이 앞으로 지향해야 할 對北政策을 3단계로 나누어 제시하였다. 첫째는 단기정책목표의 단계로, 美國은 한반도에 평화적 분위기를 조성하기 위해 北韓의 미사일 실험발사를 자제시키고 對北經濟制裁를 緩和하는 것이다. 둘째는 중기정책목표의 단계로, 北韓의 핵 및 미사일 개발을 완전 중단시키고 美·北관계 정상화를 모색하는 단계이다. 그리고 마지막 장기목표의 단계에서는 美·北 修交를 통한 한반도 냉전구조의 완전한 해체를 설정하고 있다. 즉 향후 美國 對北政策基調는 한반도 안정의 위협적인 존재인 北韓에 대해 핵과 미사일 등 대량살상무기의 개발·수출·생산·배치 등을 포기토록 하여 한반도의 平和를 정착시킴으로써 한반도의 냉전구조를 해체하자는 것이다. 요컨대 페리보고서는 그간 美國과 北韓과의 관계에서 논의되어오던 쟁점들을 총괄하여 정책적 방향을 제시하였다. 클린턴行政府는 이러한 정책을 추진해 나가는 데 있어 의회의 협력을 얻어야 한다. 그러나 공화당 측은 클린턴行政府의 對北包容政策이라는 정책목표가 적절하지 않다고 판단하고 있다. 이러한 판단은 현재 민주당 측이 제시한 정책목표들로는 근본적으로 북한문제를 풀어나가기 어렵다는 데에 따른 것이다. 공화당 측은 北韓이 군사적 수단을 외교적 무기로 삼고 있는 상황에서 지원 위주의 對北政策은 효과를 거두기 어렵고, 美國의 궁극적 정책목표인 한반도 戰爭豫防에 대한 확신이 보장되기 어렵다고 보고있다. 앞으로 클린턴行政府는 국내외적 요인들의 작용 여부를 고려하면서 對北政策을 추진해 나가고, 식량난·경제난 등으로 국가적 생존위기에 처해 있는 北韓 내부체제의 문제와 핵무기와 미사일 개발과 같은 문제등을 순차적으로 해결해 나가야 할 것이다. This study is purported for the analysis of changes and conflicts in the Clinton administration's policy towards North Korea, and ultimately estimating the future of policies toward the communist nation. The present study will deal with issues on factors inside and outside the peninsula. During the past few years, the Clinton administration took steps to better its relationship with North Korea through strategies of preventing another Korean war, halting nuclear weapons developments, reducing intimidating missile tests, and softening the landing of bases on the ideology of liberal internationalism'. Recently at a negotiation meeting held in Berlin, the North had suggested to delay the launching of the artillery no. 2 missile. In response to this the United States had begun to lift several sanctions held against the North and issued the Perry Report which is the key to the North Korean policy of the Clinton administration. Fundamentally the Perry Report had recommended comprehensive bilateral negotiations between the two sides in order to stop the intimidating missile tests. The Clinton administration also recommended the lifting of financial sanctions against the North if the communists agree to restrain their missile tests. The report additionally suggests three separate steps to follow in dealing with North Korea. The first step, a short-term policy strategy, is to reduce and retain the North's missile tests and loosen financial sanctions. The next step, an interim strategy, is bringing a complete end to the North's nuclear and missile developments and looking for ways to improve the relationship between the United States and North Korea. The last step, a long-term policy strategy, is breaking down the walls left over from the cold war through the promotion of friendship between the two nations. In other words, the fundamental policies toward the North must aim at bringing peace to the peninsula by encouraging North Korea to give up development, export, production, and disposition of nuclear weapons and missiles. In short, the report has suggested the directions for the United States foreign policy toward North Korea policies through summarizing all the U.S. North Korean related disputes that had been of issue during the past years. In carrying out such policies mentioned above, the Clinton administration must trust the Parliament. The Republican Party, however, does not approve of the administration's friendly policy towards North Korea. Such disapproval is due to the judgement that the present Democratic policies cannot fundamentally solve the North Korean issue. The Republicans' statement is that there is little chance that the supportive policy towards the communist nation, being a threat to the world with its missiles and nuclear weapons, may be effective and that no complete prevention of war in the peninsula can be promised. In the coming years, the future American administration must first consider the effect of all factors inside and outside the nation and then solve such problems as the communist structure in North Korea is strained under famine and economical pains and is developing nuclear weapons and missiles step by step. This study is purported for the analysis of changes and conflicts in the Clinton administration's policy towards North Korea, and ultimately estimating the future of policies toward the communist nation. The present study will deal with issues on factors inside and outside the peninsula. During the past few years, the Clinton administration took steps to better its relationship with North Korea through strategies of preventing another Korean war, halting nuclear weapons developments, reducing intimidating missile tests, and softening the landing of bases on the ideology of liberal internationalism'. Recently at a negotiation meeting held in Berlin, the North had suggested to delay the launching of the artillery no. 2 missile. In response to this the United States had begun to lift several sanctions held against the North and issued the Perry Report which is the key to the North Korean policy of the Clinton administration. Fundamentally the Perry Report had recommended comprehensive bilateral negotiations between the two sides in order to stop the intimidating missile tests. The Clinton administration also recommended the lifting of financial sanctions against the North if the communists agree to restrain their missile tests. The report additionally suggests three separate steps to follow in dealing with North Korea. The first step, a short-term policy strategy, is to reduce and retain the North's missile tests and loosen financial sanctions. The next step, an interim strategy, is bringing a complete end to the North's nuclear and missile developments and looking for ways to improve the relationship between the United States and North Korea. The last step, a long-term policy strategy, is breaking down the walls left over from the cold war through the promotion of friendship between the two nations. In other words, the fundamental policies toward the North must aim at bringing peace to the peninsula by encouraging North Korea to give up development, export, production, and disposition of nuclear weapons and missiles. In short, the report has suggested the directions for the United States foreign policy toward North Korea policies through summarizing all the U.S. North Korean related disputes that had been of issue during the past years. In carrying out such policies mentioned above, the Clinton administration must trust the Parliament. The Republican Party, however, does not approve of the administration's friendly policy towards North Korea. Such disapproval is due to the judgement that the present Democratic policies cannot fundamentally solve the North Korean issue. The Republicans' statement is that there is little chance that the supportive policy towards the communist nation, being a threat to the world with its missiles and nuclear weapons, may be effective and that no complete prevention of war in the peninsula can be promised. In the coming years, the future American administration must first consider the effect of all factors inside and outside the nation and then solve such problems as the communist structure in North Korea is strained under famine and economical pains and is developing nuclear weapons and missiles step by step.

지능 로봇 원거리 음성인식 시스템의 잡음 개선을 위한 전처리 연구

권세도 포항공과대학교 2007 국내석사

Electronic structures studies on transition metal alloy films using photoemission spectroscopy : 광전자분광법을 이용한 전이금속 합금박막의 전자구조 연구

권세균 (權世均) Pohang University of Science and Techonology 1997 국내박사

초극세섬유의 전기방사 및 특성 : 생분해성 고분자와 광학특성 고분자

권세력 인하대학교 대학원 2010 국내박사

Increasing number of high-tech products, including medical devices and electronical instruments, are being fabricated with multi-functionality. To achieve this aim, a number of integrative structures have been designed and many novel materials with versatile properties have been exploited. Various methods which are capable of fabricating metamaterials, nanocomposites and nanofibers have indicated potential technological applications in various areas. Among them, electrospinning has been recognized as a fast and simple process to produce nano-scaled or micro-scaled polymer filaments, which is driven by an external electric field on the surface of applied polymeric fluids either in a melt state or a solution state. Numerous polymers have been successfully electrospun to yield ultrafine fibers which possess high surface area-to-volume ratio and high length-to-diameter ratio. Nanofibrous electrospun membranes have received much attention due to their applicability in medical and pharmaceutical industries, along with advanced filtration and electronic applications. Until now, a wide variety of polymers have been successfully electrospun into ultrafine fibers from polymer solution or melt. In recent years, biodegradable polymers have received increasing attention. They can not only reduce the problems associated with plastics waste but also can be applied to medical and pharmaceutical industries. They can be classified into natural polymers and synthetic polymers according to the nature of the raw materials. Cellulose, which is a common material of plant cell walls, is broadly found in nature because it is the primary structural component of plants and is argued to be one of the most common biopolymers on earth. But, how to obtain pure cellulose nanofibrils via electrospinning has remained unresolved due to the insolubility of cellulose in water and in conventional organic solvents resulting from its well-developed intermolecular hydrogen bonding. In this work, nonwoven fibers of cellulose were successfully obtained by electrospinning of cellulose in an ionic liquid, 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium chloride (BMIMCl), which is known to be one of the non-volatile solvents. The conventional electrospinning setup was modified in such a way that the syringe was contained in a constant-temperature chamber because of the high melting point of BMIMCl, and the electrospun fibers were collected on the water, which immediately removed the remnant solvent from the electrospun cellulose fibers. The effect of the viscosity of the cellulose solution in BMIMCl on the size and the structure of the fibers was investigated. The crystalline structure of cellulose was examined by X-ray diffraction. The minimum diameter of the continuous electrospun cellulose fibers obtained in this work ranged between 500 and 800 nm. Poly(p-dioxanone) (PPDO), which a synthetic biocompatible and biodegradable polymer, had been developed specifically for wound closure sutures. Compared with other biopolymers, PPDO has been useful as the suture material due to flexibility. Although electrospinning of PPDO has been performed using 1,1,1,3,3,3 hexafluro-2-propanol as the spinning solvent, further application of PPDO has been rather limited because of the high price of this solvent. In this work, PPDO was successfully electrospun into continuous, ultrafine fibers by using dimethyl sulphoxide (DMSO) as solvent for the first time. PPDO/laponite (LAP) nanocomposites were also electrospun in DMSO. Both the dissolution and electrospinning processes were performed at high temperature because it was difficult to dissolve PPDO with a high molecule weight in DMSO at room temperature. The concentration of PPDO in DMSO and the electrospinning temperature were optimized. At 70 ºC, ultrafine PPDO fibers were obtained from 35 wt% solution and the PPDO/LAP nanocomposite fibers were prepared from 55 wt% solution. Especially, electrospun fibers of the PPDO/LAP nanocomposites showed higher degree of crystallinity due to the presence of embedded nanoparticles. Coaxial electrospinning, an extension of the traditional electrospinning, has drawn a lot of attention in fabricating ultrafine core-shell or hollow fibers. These ultrafine fibers with unique structures resulted in a wide range of usages, such as drug delivery system, tissue scaffold, optical and electrical devices. Ultrafine fibers of poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA)/poly(vinylidene fluoride) (PVDF) with unique core-shell structure were fabricated via facile electrospinning method, and were adopted as waveguide materials. PMMA, into which CdSe/ZnS quantum dots (QDs) were incorporated for efficient mode excitation, was employed as the core material, and PVDF was used as the cladding material for PMMA. These core-shell structured PMMA(QDs)/PVDF ultrafine fibers were electrospun in a one-step process by using two concentric syringes. The morphology of the PMMA(QDs)/PVDF ultrafine fibers was examined by field emission scanning electron microscopy and transmission electron microscopy. The fluorescence of QDs dispersed in the PMMA/PVDF ultrafine fibers was measured via confocal laser scanning microscopy. The characterization of the light propagation by NSOM indicated that the electrospun PMMA/PVDF fibers containing CdSe/ZnS QDs functioned as an effective optical waveguide. In addition, ultrafine PMMA fibers with a novel periodic thick-thin structure were designed and successfully prepared by using coaxial electrospinning method. The special morphology was demonstrated by SEM images. The core and shell spinning solution were composed of polymer solution and organic solvent, respectively, and were electrospun into a periodic fibrous structure that resulted from the difference in viscoelasticity between the diluted region and the core polymer solution. Feed rate of the spinning solutions as an important variable was discussed regarding its effect on the formation of the core-shell PMMA fibrous structure. Finally, the periodic structure of the thick-thin ultrafine PMMA fibers was calculated and simulated to be used in applications such as nanophotonic filters and biosensors.

Max Weber '프로테스탄트 윤리와 자본주의 정신' 연구 : 개념적 이해를 통한 종교와 사회변동의 연관성을 중심으로

권세광 서울신학대학교 대학원 2004 국내석사

This dissertation is an analysis of 'The Protestant Ethic and the Spirit of Capitalism' (Max Weber). To accomplish this I have researched the relationship between religion and social change. Weber found there was the 'Spirit of Capitalism' in Calvinist religious ethics. He hypothesizes that the 'Spirit of Capitalism' and the 'Pre-destination' are linked to Worldly asceticism. Weber thinks Worldly asceticism is both a mental and physical discipline that promotes the saving of capital in a capitalist ideology. Also his research into the 'Calling' added to the understanding of work and occupations. Weber aims to prove his research by specifying an 'Ideal Type' of historical characteristic. I intend to prove that Calvinism aided the formation and development of Capitalism's social systems by utilizing Weber's research and hypotheses. I will employ the following methods: In chapter two the comparison will be made between Karl Marx's and Max Weber's similarities and disparities in ideology. The comparison can be made because of the Industrial Revolution and Germany's situation in the 19^(th) century. Max Weber was influenced by Mark's philosophies based on these events. Chapter three looks at Weber's book in three parts. Firstly, Weber's discussion of 'Devine calling with occupation'. Secondly, his thoughts on the belief in God's 'Pre-destination' for each individual. And, lastly, Protestant Capitalists and asceticism. From this, Weber states how Western capitalism as aided by Protestantism. Using these three parts I will gauge Weber's propriety. Chapter four will analyze Protestantism and capitalism using the 'Ideal-Type' historical characteristic. This will show Calvinism as a religious theory and Capitalism as a social theory have a relationship. This relationship will be analyzed using Weber's methods. Chapter five shows how Weber hypothesizes that Religion and Social change are linked. He bases this on Religion being an autonomous variable on society. He goes on to say that the 'Protestant Ethic' and 'Spirit of Capitalism' have a selective relationship. Different critics have both for and against arguments of this point. This chapter will look at whether this assertion is true or not using a 'Transformation Viewpoint'. The result of this investigation shows that 'Protestant Ethic' and capitalism's development have a close relationship. Also, this relationship implies that Religion has an effect on social change. Summary: The Calvinist religious system is based on Worldly asceticism. According to Calvinist doctrine everybody's fate predetermined in God's 'Pre-destination'. This causes anxiety in people unless they trust that pursuing their 'Calling' and working tirelessly ill result in their salvation by God. If you are lavish with money and pursue enjoyment, it is a sin. Thrift and diligence is the basis of asceticism. Pursuit of an ascetic life will be rewarded with more profit that can be invested in other enterprises. This is how Religion effects capitalist development. Calvinists believe saving money and possessions will result in God's Grace. They- believe that to gain salvation through God, they must perform this duty, 'Economic Determination' states that capitalism must rise and recede. Marx's 'Materialism' states that the consumption of goods changes the structure of people's minds. Calvinist ideology refutes both 'Economic Determination' and 'Materialism'. The 'Protestant Ethic' and 'Spirit of Capitalism' prove Weber's premise. Therefore, religion can effect social changes.

호박고구마를 이용한 가공식품의 개발

권세미 한서대학교 대학원 2010 국내석사

본 연구에서는 수분함량이 많아 오랫동안 저장 및 보관하기 힘든 호박고구마를 분말화 하여 쉽게 가공할 수 있는 고구마 가공식품을 제조였다. 생 호박고구마와 찐 호박고구마를 분말화 하여 이화학적 특성(일반성분, 비타민 함량, 무기성분 함량, 폴리페놀 함량)을 조사하였다. 생 호박고구마분말 및 찐 호박고구마분말의 수분, 회분, 지방, 단백질 및 탄수화물의 함량은 각각 3.5, 2.6, 5.3, 4.1 및 84.5%, 5.5, 2.8, 4.5, 4.4 및 82.8%이었다. 비타민 C 및 비타민 A 함량은 생 호박고구마분말 20mg/100g, 0.17mg/100g이였으며 찐 호박고구마분말 17mg/100g, 0.16mg/100g으로 나타났다. 무기성분 함량은 생 호박고구마분말 Mg 23.4, Na 96.9, Fe 3.8, Ca 11.3 및 Zn 1.0mg/100g, 찐 호박고구마분말 Mg 24.7, Na 87.1, Fe 2.7, Ca 11.7 및 Zn 0.7mg/100g으로 나타났다. 생 호박고구마분말 및 찐 호박고구마분말의 Hydrobenzoic acid, Caffeic acid, Syringic acid, Cinamic acid 및 Quercetin 함량은 각각 0.3, 0.7, 0.1, 2.5 및 0.4ppm, 3.2, 1.5, 0.2, 15.3 및 0.8ppm이 함유되어 있는 것으로 나타났다. 가공식품으로는 호박고구마 죽, 호박고구마 스프 및 호박고구마 팬케이크를 제조하였다. 예비실험을 통하여 각각의 sample들을 만들어 관능검사를 실시하였다. 호박고구마 죽의 배합비율은 찐 호박고구마분말 20g, 찹쌀가루 6.0g, 설탕 1.2g, 전지분유 3.6g을 첨가한 제품(sample 3)이 관능검사 결과 가장 우수한 평가를 받았으며 수분, 회분, 조지방, 조단백 및 탄수화물의 함량을 측정한 결과 각각 4.6, 3.0, 5.5, 7.0 및 79.9% 이었고 열량은 397.1Kcal/100g으로 나타났다. 비타민 C 및 A 함량은 0.7mg/100g 및 2.0ppm, 무기성분 함량은 Mg 21.7, Na 173.0, Fe 2.2, Ca 11.8 및 Zn 1.1mg/100g으로 나타났다. 호박고구마 스프의 배합비율은 찐 호박고구마분말 32.5g, 양파 1.2g, 전지분유 7.2g, 소금 0.3g, 파세리 0.1g을 첨가한 제품(sample 3)이 관능검사 결과 가장 우수한 평가를 받았으며 수분, 회분, 조지방, 조단백 및 탄수화물의 함량을 측정한 결과 각각 4.3, 3.4, 4.3, 7.7, 80.3%이었고 열량은 390.7Kcal/100g으로 나타났다. 비타민 C 및 A 함량은 2.6mg/100g 및 2.8ppm, 무기성분 함량은 Mg 22.7, Na 209.4, Fe 2.2, Ca 11.9 및 Zn 1.2mg/100g으로 나타났다. 호박고구마 팬케이크의 배합비율은 밀가루 15g, 생 호박고구마가루 5g, 베이킹파우더 1.6g, 설탕 4.5g, 시나몬파우더 0.1g을 첨가한 제품(sample 2)이 관능검사 결과 가장 우수한 평가를 받았으며 수분, 회분, 조지방, 조단백 및 탄수화물의 함량을 측정한 결과 각각 6.0, 4.2, 6.8, 7.4 및 75.6%이었고 열량은 393.2cal/100g으로 나타났다. 비타민 C 및 A 함량은 0.7mg/100g 및 2.2ppm, 무기성분 함량은 Mg 17.6, Na 254.7, Fe 4.1, Ca 10.8 및 0.8mg/100g으로 나타났다. This research compared characteristics of steamed pumpkin sweet potatoes, and powders of raw pumpkin sweet potatoes which are the main raw materials in order to develop sweet potatoes into convenient processed food by making powders of sweet potatoes that are hard to preserve for long time. Also, by placing emphasis on foods that are possible to be taken as meal replacement, it analyzed quality characteristics by making ready to eat pumpkin sweet potato soup, pumpkin sweet potato gruel, and making pumpkin sweet potato pancake powder that added sweet potato powder to the pancake where it is used for snacks for the children and adult. Following are the results. Raw pumpkin sweet potato powder and steamed pumpkin sweet potato powder's contents such as moisture, ash, fat, protein, and carbohydrate were 3.5, 2.6, 5.3, 4.1, 84.5%, and 5.5, 2.8, 4.5, 4.4, 82.8% respectively. For the contents of vitamin C and vitamin A for raw pumpkin sweet potato powders were 20mg/100g, and 0.17mg/100g, plus steamed pumpkin sweet potato powder showed 17mg/100g and 0.16mg/100g. For the mineral content of raw pumpkin sweet potato powder were Mg 23.4, Na 96.9, Fe 3.8, Ca 11.3, and Zn 1.0mg/100g, whereas steamed pumpkin sweet potato powder were Mg 24.7, Na 87.1, Fe 2.7, Ca 11.7 and Zn 0.7mg/100g. For the raw pumpkin sweet potato powder and steamed pumpkin sweet potato powder's contents of each hydrobenzoic acid, caffeic acid, syringic acid, cinamic acid, and quercetin were containing 0.3, 0.7, 0.1, 2.5, 0.4ppm, and 3.2, 1.5, 0.2, 15.3, 0.8ppm respectively. Pumpkin sweet potato gruel's mixing ratio were 20g for steamed pumpkin sweet potato powder, 6.0g for the glutinous rice powder, 1.2g for the sugar, and 3.6g for whole milk powder added products (sample 3) received outstanding evaluation as the result of sensory test. In addition, as the result of measurement of the amount for contents for the moisture, ash, crude fat, crude protein, and carbohydrates, they showed 4.6, 3.0, 5.5, 7.0, and 79.9% respectively, plus showed 397.1Kcal/100g for the calorie. For the content of vitamin C and A were 0.7mg/100g and 2.0ppm, plus showed the amount of the mineral Mg 21.7, Na 173.0, Fe 2.2, Ca 11.8, and Zn 1.1mg/100g. For the pumpkin sweet potato soup's mix rate were 32.5g for steamed pumpkin sweet potato powder, 1.2g for the onion, 7.2g for whole milk powder, 0.3g for salt, 0.1g for the parsley added product (sample 3) and showed outstanding evaluation as the result of sensory test. For the result of the measurement of the contents for moisture, ash, crude fat, crude protein and carbohydrate, they showed 4.3, 3.4, 4.3, 7.7, and 80.3% respectively and showed 390.7cal/100g for the calorie. For the content of the vitamin C and A were 2.6mg/100g and 2.8ppm, and showed the amount of mineral Mg 22.7, Na 209.4, Fe 2.2, Ca 11.9 and Zn 1.2mg/100g. Pumpkin sweet potato pancake's mixing ratio were 15g for wheat flour, 5g for raw pumpkin sweet potato powder, 1.6g for the baking powder, 4.5g for the sugar, and 0.1g for the cinnamon powder added product (sample 2) received outstanding evaluation as the result of sensory test. In addition, as the result of measuring the amount of contents for the moisture, ash, crude fat, crude protein, and carbohydrates, they showed 6.0, 4.2, 6.8, 7.4, and 75.6% respectively and showed 393.2cal/100g for the calorie. For the content of vitamin C and A were 0.7mg/100g and 2.2ppm, plus showed the amount of the mineral Mg 17.6, Na 254.7, Fe 4.1, Ca 10.8, and 0.8mg/100g.

동물 이미지를 통해 해석한 은폐로서의 페르소나 : 본인 회화를 중심으로

권세인 동덕여자대학교 2017 국내석사

This thesis analyzes the researcher’s painting series <Persona as a concealment; absence of pupils>. This painting series is about the researcher’s fear and persona, occurred by psychological childhood trauma. Thus, this thesis discusses the researcher’s painting which visualizes persona to conceal the inner world with the psychological theory and other artists’ works. Moreover, it aims to suggest the aesthetic meaning of the researcher’s works which project the modern people‘s images to a dog’s, and the future direction of the researcher’s works. This thesis is composed of five chapters, and the content is as in the following. In the first chapter, the researcher’s purpose of study is revealed, the method and content of study are summarized, and the ground is prepared to systematize the point based on them. The body of the thesis is composed of three parts: the theory of traumatic stress and images, the analysis of the artists whose works are about self-reflective expression, and the analysis of the researcher’s works. The second chapter is composed of two parts. The first part is written based on the researcher’s experience, which leads to study based on the theory of Sigmund Freud about a dog. In addition to that, the researcher’s works are analyze to treat the researcher’s specific phobia and childhood trauma, and traumas in the history of art are researched. The second part studies on an individual ego and persona as a mask of the inner world by researching persona in the history of its origin, theatre, and the history of art. Moreover, persona in psychology is analyzed based on the theory of Carl Jung, and its dangerousness is examined to describe how the researcher intentionally uses persona to conceal the inner world in his works. The third chapter examines and analyzes types of an ego in contemporary art, and studies on diverse viewpoints on expressing persona. First, examples of Yue Minjun and Zeng Fanzhi’s works which reflect today’s society in the style of ‘persona’ are examined. Then, Yoshitomo Nara’s works which visualize persona by projecting a self to a girl and dog are examined. The fourth and second chapters examine the researcher’s works based on the theoretical backgrounds in two parts. The first part studies persona which is selectively expressed by people of the same age, and analyzes symbols in the researcher’s works. First, an image of a dog which reflects people who live in various relationships of the modern society, and the meaning of eyes are examined. Then, the viewpoint of eyes in the history of art is examined to discuss the absence of pupils in the researcher’s works. The second part analyzes the methodology of the works, and talks about the researcher’s works which use dots and blank spaces in detail. Moreover, the meaning of a dot, in other words, a circle, is examined, and the visual characteristics of the researcher’s painting series <Persona as a concealment; absence of pupils> are talked. Lastly, the fifth chapter concludes what this thesis argues and the future direction of the researcher’s works. The researcher likes to study the essence of a man, hidden in a man who is projected to an image of a dog through this thesis. As such, this thesis assures how persona which conceals the inner world of the modern people is visualized in the researcher’s painting. And based on it, how a man’s inner world is effectively expressed in images is sought. Key words: fear, fond, trauma, persona, concealment, absence of pupils, dot 본 논문은 연구자의 회화 <은폐로서의 페르소나 ; 눈동자의 부재>연작을 분석한 것이다. 이 연작은 유년기 정신적 충격으로부터 발생한 공포와 페르소나의 이미지를 회화로 탐구한 것이다. 이에 본 연구는 자신의 내면을 은폐하는 역할로서의 페르소나를 시각화한 본인의 작품을 심리학적 이론과 선행 작품의 탐구를 통해 논의한다. 또한 현대인의 모습을 개에 투사한 본인의 작품이 미학적으로 갖는 의미와 앞으로의 작업 방향을 제시하고자 하는 데 목적이 있다. 본 논문은 총 5장으로 구성되어 있으며, 내용은 다음과 같다. Ⅰ장에서는 연구 목적을 밝히고 연구 방법과 내용을 개괄하여 이를 통해 논지를 체계화할 수 있는 토대를 마련한다. 본론은 총 세 장으로 구성되어 있으며, 각 장을 인간의 외상적 스트레스와 이미지에 대한 이론, 현대미술에서의 자아 표출적 회화에 관련한 선행 작가, 그리고 본인 작품 분석으로 나누었다. Ⅱ장은 두 절로 구성된다. 첫 번째 절은 연구자 경험을 바탕으로 서술하고, 이에 따른 ‘개’에 대한 트라우마를 지그문트 프로이트의 이론을 통해 탐구한다. 이와 더불어 특정공포증과 아동기에 발현한 트라우마의 치료적 목적으로서의 작업에 대하여 분석하며, 미술사에 나타난 트라우마에 대해 탐구한다. 두 번째 절은 개개인이 갖는 자아와 인간 내면의 가면으로서의 페르소나에 대해 연구하는데, 그것의 기원인 연극에서의 역사와 미술사에서 다뤄진 페르소나를 탐구한다. 또한 심리학에서 정의한 페르소나를 칼 융의 이론을 토대로 분석하고, 그것이 갖는 위험성에 대하여 고찰하며 이를 바탕으로 연구자의 회화가 의미하는 내면을 의도적으로 은폐하는 역할로서의 페르소나에 대해 서술한다. Ⅲ장은 현대 미술에서의 자아 표출 유형에 대해 조사하고 분석하여 페르소나를 표현하는 다양한 시각에 대해 탐구한다. 먼저 시대의 사회상을 반영하는 페르소나를 중점으로 작업하는 작가 위에민쥔과 쩡판즈를 사례로 제시한다. 다음으로 소녀와 개에 투사한 페르소나를 표현한 작가 나라 요시토모의 회화를 탐구한다. Ⅳ장은 Ⅱ장의 이론적 배경을 바탕으로 한 본인 작품 분석의 장으로, 두 절로 분류한다. 첫 번째 절은 동시대를 살아가는 인간들이 선택적으로 표출하는 페르소나를 연구하고, 작품에 나타난 상징적 표현을 분석한다. 먼저 다양한 관계에 얽혀 현대 사회를 살아가는 인간의 모습을 투영한 개 이미지, 다음으로는 ‘눈’이 갖는 의미를 재고하며, 미술사적으로 눈을 바라보는 시각에 대해 살펴보고 연구자의 작품에서 나타난 부재하는 눈동자와 결부시켜 논의한다. 두 번째 절은 작품의 방법론적 측면에 대하여 분석하고, 점과 여백을 이용한 본인의 회화에 대하여 구체적으로 서술한다. 또한 점, 곧 원이 갖는 의미에 대해 고찰하며, <은폐로서의 페르소나 ; 눈동자의 부재> 연작이 갖는 조형적 특징에 대해 서술한다. 마지막 Ⅴ장은 결론의 장으로, 본 연구를 통해 주장하는 바와 작업의 나아갈 방향을 제시한다. 이는 개에 투영한 인간의 모습 속에서 가려진 인간 본질을 탐구하는 것이다. 이와 같이 본 논문을 다섯 개의 장으로 분류하여 살펴봄으로써 현대인 자신의 내면을 은폐하는 페르소나가 연구자의 회화로 어떻게 시각화되었는지 확인한다. 이를 바탕으로 인간 내면의 세계와 그것을 표출하는 이미지를 효과적으로 발전시키는 방향을 모색할 것이다. 주제어: 공포, 애호, 트라우마, 페르소나, 은폐, 개, 눈동자의 부재, 점.

모발세정제에 따른 염색모발의 착색 유지 및 손상

권세화 광주여자대학교 2005 국내석사

현대인들은 자신의 개성을 표현하기 위한 방식으로 헤어스타일을 변화시키려 한다. 특히 모발을 염색하여 색상을 변화시킴으로써 자신의 이미지를 변화하려는 경향이 높아지고 있다. 최근에 고객들은 모발을 염색하고 관리하는데 많은 관심 을 갖게 됨으로써 모발관리를 위해 다양한 모발 화장품등을 사용하고 있다. 그 중 가장 많이 사용되는 모발 화장품 가운데 하나는 세정제이다. 실제 미용 현장 에서도 모발을 염색을 한 후 염색색상을 오래 유지하고 모발 손상을 줄여준다는 이유로 염색모발 전문 샴푸 사용을 제안하고 있다. 그러나 이러한 제품에 대한 고객들의 반응은 차이가 많이 있어 현장에서 어려움이 가끔씩 발생되곤 한다. 따라서 모발을 염색한 후 다양한 세정방법을 통해 염색모발의 착색 유지 및 손상정도를 조사하고 이를 염색모발 전문 샴푸와 비교하여 미용현장에서 필요한 객관적인 정보를 제공할 필요가 있다고 판단되었다. 이러한 조사를 위해 사용된 모발은 탈색 후 반영구적 붉은 염색한 모발을 사용하였다. 염색모발을 세정제 종 류에 따라 30일 동안 1일에 1회 반복 세정한 결과 초기에 염색색소가 가장 많이 탈색되었고 붉은 계열이 줄어들면서 노란계열과 명도가 증가하였다. 세정할 때 사용되는 증류수의 온도가 낮을수록 모발의 염색색소가 쉽게 탈색되지 않았고 모발 손상도 적었다. 샴푸제만 사용한 경우보다 샴푸 후 컨디셔너를 사용한 경우 에 염색색소가 쉽게 탈색되지 않았고 모발 손상도 적었다. 그러나 염색모발 전문 세정제는 다른 세정제보다 모발의 염색모발의 착색 유지에는 큰 차이를 보이지 않았으나 모발 손상에 미치는 영향은 낮은 것으로 나타났다.

대학생의 골상태 및 체질량지수에 따른 골초음파 지표에 영향을 미치는 영양인자 조사

권세미 순천향대학교 교육대학원 2009 국내석사

최대 골질량에 도달하는 시기인 20대 연령층의 골격건강 관리는 중년기 이후 급증하는 골절이나 골다공증에 최우선의 예방책이다. 따라서 골밀도에 영향을 미치는 요인을 알아보고자 순천향대학교에 재학 중인 20대 대학생을 대상으로 신체계측과 식이섭취조사, 골밀도 측정, 혈액채취 및 분석을 통해 골밀도와 관련된 제 요인들을 분석하였다. 대상자는 순천향대학교에서 2007년 5월~12월 사이에 실시한 건강검진에 참여한 20~29세의 재학생 중 본 연구의 참여에 동의한 1039명(남학생 532명, 여학생 507명)을 선정하였다. 대상자들의 신장, 체중을 측정한 후 이들 측정치로부터 체질량지수(BMI)를 산출하였다. 식품 섭취를 통한 영양소 섭취량은 24시간 회상법으로 3일간의 식품 섭취량을 훈련받은 조사원들과의 면접을 통하여 조사한 후 CAN Pro 3.0을 이용하여 분석하였다. 골밀도 측정은 초음파를 이용한 정량적 골밀도 측정기로 우측 종골조직을 통과하는 초음파의 감쇠와 속도를 BUA (Broadband ultrasound attenuation)로 측정하여 WHO의 표준 환산기준에 의해 t-score로 산정하여 뼈의 건강상태를 진단하였다. 또한 혈액분석을 통해 전혈의 적혈구, 헤모글로빈, 헤마토크릿치를 측정하였고, 혈청 칼슘과 혈청 철, 비타민D의 간접지표인 알칼라인 포스파타아제를 측정하여 생화학적 영양상태의 지표로 분석에 이용하였다. 자료 분석은 SPSS 14.0 프로그램으로 실시하였으며, 영양인자가 뼈의 건강상태에 미치는 영향을 분석하기 위하여 정상골밀도군 (t-score≧-1.0)과 골감소군(t-score<1.0)간에 보호인자 및 위험인자를 로지스틱회귀분석으로 분석하였다. 그 결과 20대 대학생은 최대 골질량에 도달하는 시기로 골감소군 보다 정상 골밀도군에 속하는 대상자가 많았으나, 정상골밀도군과 골감소군의 생화학적, 영양상태 및 영양소 섭취상태는 남학생과 여학생에서 모두 통계적으로 유의한 차이가 없었다. 로지스틱회귀분석 결과 동물성 단백질과 동물성 철분 및 아연섭취가 골감소를 예방하는 보호 작용이 있는 것으로 나타났다. 따라서 골 대사 관련인자와 혈청 무기질에 관한 연구 등 추후 보다 광범위하게 많은 대상자에 대한 연구가 필요할 것으로 사료된다. The management of skeletal health of people in their twenties, when the bone mineral contents maximumized, is the number one priority for preventing fracture or osteoporosis which increases after the middle age. Therefore, the factors influencing bone mineral density were examined by physical measurements, surveying food intakes, measuring bone mineral density and biochemical nutritional indexes in blood among college students in their twenties who attend SoonchunhyangUniversity. Among the students aged 20 to 29 who received health examinations from May to December, 2007, 1938 students (male 532 female 507) who agreed to participate in the study were selected as participants. Nutritional intakes through food ingestion waere investigated through interview with trained researchers with 3-day 24-hour recall method, and analyzed by using CAN Pro 3.0. For CAN Pro 3.0. Bone mineral density was measured by ultrasonic attenuation passing through right calcaneus bone and expressed as BUA (Broadband Ultrasound Attenuation). Their bone health status are diagnosed by calculating t-score on standard of conversion presented by WHO. Red blood cell count, hemoglobin, hematocit values are measured by whole blood analysis, and measuring alkaline phosphatase which is an indirect index of vitamin D status, serum calcium and serum iron were used as indexes for biochemical nutritional status. Data analysis was conducted using SPSS 14.0 program, and protecting and risk factors on bone health status are analyzed by logistic regression analysis between normal bone health group (t-score≧-1.0) and decreased bone health group (t-score<1.0). The results showed that more people belong to the normal bone health group probably because this study was conducted among those with their peak bone density. However, biochemical nutritional status and nutrition intakes of both groups for male and female students did not show any significant differences statistically. According to the result of logistic regression analysis, dietary intakes of animal protein, animal iron and zinc showed a protecting effect against osteopenia. Therefore, dietary nutritional intakes of micronutrients, especially some minerals are important for bone health of young people.