Fractals in geography

목차 (Table of Contents)

• CONTENTS
• Foreword by David Mark = vii
• Preface = ix
• Part Ⅰ. Basic Fractals = 1
• 1. Introduction to Fractals in Geography / Lee De Cola ; Nina Siu-Ngan Lam = 3
• Introduction to Basic Concepts = 5
• Examples of Ideal Fractals = 9
• Examples of Real Fractals = 15
• Conclusion = 20
• References = 21
• 2. Fractal Measurement / Nina Siu-Ngan Lam ; Lee De Cola = 23
• Measurement Methods for Curves = 23
• Measurement Methods for Surfaces = 30
• Conclusion = 38
• References = 39
• Appendix 2.1. Fortran source codes of the walking - divider method(FRACT_LINE.FOR) = 40
• Appendix 2.2. Fortran source codes of the isarithm method(FRACT_DEM.FOR) = 45
• Appendix 2.3. Fortran source codes of the variogram method(FRACT_VAR.FOR) = 52
• 3. Fractal Simulation and Interpolation / Nina Siu-Ngan Lam ; Lee De Cola = 56
• Introduction = 56
• Methods for Curve Simulation = 58
• Methods for Surface Simulation = 64
• Conclusion = 68
• References = 68
• Appendix 3.1 Fortran source codes of the midpoint displacement method(LINE_GEN.FOR) = 69
• Appendix 3.2 Fortran source codes of the shear displacement method(SURF_GEN.FOR) = 72
• 4. A Fractal Paradigm for Geography? / Lee De Cola ; Nina Siu-Ngan Lam = 75
• Geography, Geometry, and Cartography = 75
• A Geographic Tour of the Fractal Geometry of Nature = 78
• Future of the Fractal Paradigm = 80
• The Research Agenda = 82
• References = 83
• Part Ⅱ. Research and Applications in Physical Geography = 85
• 5. Fractals and Geostatistical Methods in Landscape Studies / Peter A. Burrough = 87
• Abstract = 87
• Introduction = 88
• Fractals = 89
• Methods for Determining Fractal Dimensions = 96
• Applications of Fractals in Geochemistry and Geographical Sciences = 99
• Geostatistics and Mapping = 108
• Discussion and Conclusion = 114
• Acknowledgements = 115
• References = 116
• 6. Statistics of Channel Networks on Fractional Brownial Surfaces / Michael F. Goodchild and Brian Klinkenberg = 122
• Abstract = 122
• Introduction = 122
• The Shreve Model = 124
• Fractional Brownian Motion = 127
• Drainage Network Extraction = 128
• Analysis : D Assignment = 132
• Analysis : T and R Assignments = 136
• Discussion = 138
• References = 140
• 7. Interpreting the Fractal Dimension of River Networks / Jonathan D. Phillips = 142
• Abstract = 142
• Introduction = 142
• Literature Review = 143
• Relationships to Classical Fluvial Morphometry = 144
• Physical Interpretations of hte Fractal Dimension = 149
• Conclusion = 152
• Acknowledgements = 153
• References = 153
• Appendix 7.1. Summary of Morphometric Variables = 155
• 8. Nonlinear Variability of Landscape Topography : Multifractal Analysis and Simulation / Daniel. Lavall$$\acute e$$e ; Shaun Lovejoy ; Daniel Schertzer ; Philippe. Ladoy = 158
• Abstract = 158
• Introduction = 159
• Fractal Sets, Monofractal Functions, and Multifractals = 165
• Properties of Multifractal Measures169
• Comparison of Mono and Multifractal Exponent Relations = 178
• Double Trace Moment Analysis Technique = 179
• Empirical Results = 181
• Conclusion = 188
• Acknowledgements = 189
• References = 189
• 9. Fractal Analysis of Geologic Time Series / Roy E. Plotnick ; Karen Prestegaard = 193
• Abstract = 193
• Introduction = 193
• Fractal Time Series = 194
• Fractal Noises and Motions = 194
• Zerosets and L$$\acute e$$vy Dusts = 199
• Techniques for the Analysis of Fractal Time Series = 199
• Fractals and Real World = 203
• Self-organized Criticality = 203
• An Example : Sediment Transport in Gravel-bed Streams = 204
• Summary = 207
• Acknowledgements = 209
• References = 209
• Part Ⅲ. Research and Applications in Human Geography = 211
• 10. Central Place Fractals ; Theoretical Geography in an Urban Setting / Sandra L. Arlinghaus = 213
• Abstract = 213
• Introduction = 213
• Classical Central Place Theory : An Abstract Overview = 214
• Geometry of the Classical Central Place Theory = 214
• Fractal Generation of Three Central Place Hierarchies = 218
• The Dimension of Central Place Hierarchies = 222
• Generalizations to Higher K Values = 223
• Directions for Further Research = 224
• References = 226
• 11. Fractal Geometry and Urban Morphology / Michael Batty ; A. Stewart Fotheringham ; Paul Longley = 228
• Abstract = 228
• Models of Urban Growth and Cluster Growth = 230
• Issues in Analytical Urban Morphology Research = 240
• Conclusion = 243
• References = 244
• 12. a Fractal Analysis of Cancer Mortality Patterns in China / Nina Siu-Ngan Lam ; Hong-Lie Qiu ; rui Zhao ; Nan Jiang = 247
• Abstract = 247
• Introduction = 248
• Study Area and Data = 250
• Measurement of Cancer Patterns = 253
• Results and Discussion = 256
• Conclusion = 260
• Acknowledgements = 260
• References = 260
• Part Ⅳ. Research and Applications in Mappin gSciences = 263
• 13. One Thousand Mount Everests? / Keith C. Clarke = 265
• Abstract = 265
• Fractal Terrain Simulation = 266
• Process-texture = 268
• The Model = 273
• Inverting the Model = 275
• Synthetic Everests = 275
• Discussion = 278
• References = 281
• 14. Multifractals in Image Processing and Process Imaging / Lee De Cola = 282
• Abstract = 282
• Introduction = 282
• Multiscale Analysis = 285
• Simulation : Process Imaging = 289
• From Image to Map = 296
• Conclusion = 300
• Acknowledgements = 302
• References = 302
• Index = 305