For the purpose of realizing the variety of products to be supplied to small hand made butcher shop, pension and restaurants by using natural environment for fermented meat product technology with unique taste of our country in preparation for 2018 Py...
For the purpose of realizing the variety of products to be supplied to small hand made butcher shop, pension and restaurants by using natural environment for fermented meat product technology with unique taste of our country in preparation for 2018 Pyeongchang Winter Olympics, this study was conducted to examine the changes during drying and aging of fermented meat products that used different kinds of salt such as sun dried salt, refined salt, nitrite pickling salt and baked salt (burnt, melted salt).
As for the results of general ingredients, moisture content showed a trend of the main effect was significant(p<0.05) with the biggest range of decrease of about 15% during 1-10 days of storage. On the 1st day of experiment, it showed about 59-60% of moisture content but it decreased about 30% on the 25th day to show 29-30% level. As for the crude fat, crude protein and crude ash content, it showed a trend of the main effect was significant(p<0.05), which is thought to have resulted from relatively increase according to decrease in moisture content over time.
As for the results of weight loss, weight decreased by about 28-29% during 1-5 days, thereby showing meaningful differences according to storage period (p<0.05). On the 25th day that was the last date of measurement, it was respectively 39.9%, 35.9%, 41.5% and 38.1%. In addition, the result showed that compared to other control group & experimental group, adding refined salt had the most effect on weight decrease rate.
As for the results of pH, T1 group that added nitrite pickleing salt(NPS) showed meaningfully high numerical values during every period compared to other experiment groups (p<0.05). Initial pH showed about 5.4 level, but pH drastically decreased during 1-3 days in every control group and experiment group to show 4.4 level. In addition, it showed a decreasing trend as drying & aging period extended.
As for the results of WHC, it initially showed 57-60% level but meaningfully decreased during 1-3 days (p<0.05). In addition, it showed a gradual decreasing trend as storage period extended and it showed about 29-33% on the 25th day.
As for the results of brightness (L*) in meat color, it increased during 1-3 days but it showed a gradual decreasing trend afterwards. In the case of redness (a*value), T1 group that added nitrite pickling salt showed about 10 level, thereby showing higher numerical values compared to 4-6 level of other control group and experiment group with meaningful differences (p<0.05). In the case of yellowness (b*value), it showed the highest numerical values on the 1st day of production, followed by a decreasing trend. In addition, it did not show any significant meaningful differences in each control group and experiment group.
As for the shear force, it showed an increasing trend as drying and aging period extended, and it increased by the highest range during 1-3 days with 0.05kg on the 1st day of experiment to about 0.5kg on the 3rd day. On the 25th day, it was about 1.2-1.8kg level with a very significant level of increase compared to initial shearing force.
In the results of analyzing hardness in TPA, similar to shear force, it showed an increasing trend as drying and aging period extended, and it showed very significant differences from about 0.2kg level on the 1st day to about 3-4kg on the 25th day. In the case of springiness and cohesiveness, it showed the highest numerical values on the 5th day with a gradual decreasing trend, and gumminess and chewiness showed an increasing trend as drying and aging period extended.
As for the total plate count, it showed a high numerical value of about 6log CFU/g initially, while showing 5-5.5log CFU/g level during 3-5 days with a significant range of decrease. In addition, it showed a decreasing trend until the 20th day. Between 20-25 days, T2, T3 groups showed a trend of drastic increases.
As for the results of coliform, it showed positive reactions from 1st day to 3rd day of experiment, followed by negative reactions afterwards.
As for the results of salmonella, it showed negative reactions throughout the experiment period.
As for the results of sensory test, T2 group that added refined salt was found to be the best in comprehensive evaluation (meat color, texture, tenderness, flavor, etc.), followed by next preferred control group and experiment group of T1 that added NPS, C that added bay salt and T3 added with melted salt.
The results of this experiment showed that the product that added NPS among other kinds of salts that were added was found to be superior in pH and meat color compared to other products that added sun dried salt, refined salt and melted salt. As for the results of preference, T2 group that added refined salt was found to be the best. Such results show that product that added nitrite pickling salt(NPS) has qualitative advantage in producing stable product, and product that added refined salt was found to be preferred by consumers. Such results suggest that they can be used as important information in producing fermented and dried products in the future by utilizing the mountainous terrain geographical characteristics of our country.