This study desires to analyze cause and process of culture-leading gentrification phenomenon based on culture and arts area in recent, focusing on culture and arts area in front of Hongdae, and to deduct implication of urban restoration policy for a c...
This study desires to analyze cause and process of culture-leading gentrification phenomenon based on culture and arts area in recent, focusing on culture and arts area in front of Hongdae, and to deduct implication of urban restoration policy for a continuous development of culture and arts area by examining a urban restoration policy of Seoul.
While a distinctive culture was formed by cultural artists in front of Hongdae, an occupied area of inner city was invigorated and commercialized. Rent increased, so culture-leading gentrification phenomenon that cultural artists feeling economic pressure move to other area happened, and this phenomenon is deepening. While they left Hongdae area and moved to Sangsu-dong, Hapjeong-dong, and Yeonnam-dong, areas where people move fell short, so consciousness of crisis was publicized, and cultural artists and merchant union ask for a political measure. Lately, Seoul announces the plan of urban restoration policy targeting the major areas. The researcher confirmed necessity of a differentiated policy for culture and arts area such as present Hongdae area, and progressed the study.
The body arranged concept and characteristic of culture-leading gentrification phenomenon, urban restoration policy, and cultural and arts ecosystem, and could understand diversity of culture in front of Hongdae and characteristics of culture and arts area by examining a history of culture and arts area in front of Hongdae with the current of time and incident. Through an in-depth interview with an expert, the researcher investigated the real state of culture-leading gentrification, a directional nature of urban restoration policy in Seoul and Mapo-gu, and a self-supporting method of cultural artists. Objects of an in-depth interview are administrator of Mapo-gu in charge of culture and tourism work in front of Hongdae, administrator of local cultural foundation in charge of operation of a creative space, expert of urban research, and culture and arts organization and cooperative, hirer in local commercial sphere, and artist. The researcher questioned about effectiveness of a revision of a law for protection of commercial building tenants, urban restoration policy and culture and arts area of Seoul, culture and tourism policy in front of Hongdae of Mapo-gu, enforcement method and process of urban restoration policy, cultural urban restoration policy for a business boom of culture and arts area in Seoul, and self-reliance and vitalization of culture and arts ecosystem, and conducted the orders of tape-recording, transcription, and cording.
As a result, first, there is no area to extend of culture-leading gentrification in front of Hongdae, so customized urban restoration policy specialized for an area is urgent. Second, a development of differentiated urban restoration policy and urban planning policy is needed to keep original citizen in an area specialized by culture and arts continuously. Third, a policy should be established to guarantee a concept for an ownership of building and rent in culture and arts area with a social ownership. Fourth, an active support policy of the government is needed to make cultural artists live their own life. Fifth, a database should be built by analyzing and organizing characteristics, history, and phenomenon of Hongdae area or culture and arts area clearly. Sixth, communication is needed to cooperate and discuss mutually by making a private and public consultative group of merchant union, cultural artists, and autonomous region in front of Honghae. Seventh, communication with merchant union and cultural artists is needed to form a close association between tourism policy, and culture and arts ecosystem in front of Hongdae. Lastly, culture and understanding are needed to make cultural artists, merchants, landlords, and a self-government body coexist mutually and continuously.
Through the results of this study, it is confirmed that it is necessary to regulate an excessive commercialization and an increase of rent in culture and arts area, and a customized policy to form a complementary relationship between main agents and a political perspective to reflect characteristic and demand of an area are needed by stimulating characteristics of a culture and arts area more.