This research attempted to understand the complex interaction between environment and human society reflected in agriculture and disaster prevention system during the Three Kingdoms and United Silla period. Thus panarchy adaptive cycle and resilience ...
This research attempted to understand the complex interaction between environment and human society reflected in agriculture and disaster prevention system during the Three Kingdoms and United Silla period. Thus panarchy adaptive cycle and resilience theory as a theoretical frame is introduced with similar research cases. Based on the proxy data, literatural studies, archaeological data and historical studies, panarchy theory is applied to interpret human society’s interplay with climatic oscillation in the Three Kingdoms and Unified Silla period. The results shows that agricultural advance, establishment of large-scale irrigation systems enhance the development of society-economy-political subsystem during the Three Kingdoms period. In addition, institutionalized policies against climate induced disaster and cosmological concept such as heaven-human induction were established. Climatic disasters were managed by state and they did not threaten the sustainability of each Kingdom. However, environmental subsystem started to lose its resilience due to intensified agricultural practice to sustain expanded economy and arable lands, urbanization. On the contrary, the newly reorganized society-economy-political subsystem of the Unified Silla had inherited old Silla's political system an