사과나무의 수체생장 및 과실품질에 미치는 관비의 효과 = Effect of Fertigation System on Fruit Quality and Tree Growth in Apple (Malus domestica Borkh)

국문 초록 (Abstract)

본 실험은 1996년부터 1999년까지 4년동안 ‘후지’/M.26 4년생을 이용하여 시비량을 추천시비량의 1/3로 줄여 관비로서 공급하였을 때 수체생장과 과실의 수량 및 품질에 미치는 영향을 구명하고자 실시하였다. 농촌진흥청 표준시비량을 요소, 용성인비, 염화칼륨으로 추천 시비방법에 따라 시비한 구를 대조구로 하였고, 관비는 N:P:K의 비율을 10:5:7.5로 한 조제액비(RF) 관비처리구와 N:P:K의 비율이 17:8:26인 시판용 액비 Polyfeed-52(PF-52) 관비처리구를 각각 두었다. 대조구로는 10a당 시비량을 농촌진흥청 추천시비량인 N:P:K=10:5:7.5㎏으로 하고, N과 K는 기비 60%와 추비 40%로 나누어 시비하였고, 인산은 전량 기비로 사용하였다. 수체생육 상태는 관비처리구들에서 절간장과 평균 신초장이 대조구보다 짧았으며 정단신초장과 신초발생수에는 차이가 없었다. 평균 과중은 관비처리구들이 대조구에 비해 다소 큰 경향이었으나, 수량에는 차이를 보이지 않았다. 가용성 고형물 함량과 경도는 관비처리구들이 대조구에 비해 높았다. 착색의 정도도 관비처리구들이 대조구에 비하여 Hunter a값이 높고 b값은 낮아 보다 선명한 착색을 보였다. 엽내 인산 함량은 관비처리구들이 대조구에 비하여 높았으며, 그 밖의 N, K, Ca, Mg 함량은 처리간에 차이가 없었다. 토양내 질소와 칼리 함량을 보면 관비처리구들에서는 시기별변화가 적었으나 대조구에서는 6월에서 9월까지 관비처리구들에서 보다 훨씬 높은 함량을 보였다. 따라서 농촌진흥청 추천시비량의 1/3로 줄인 관비처리가 토양에 추천시비량을 시용하는 것보다 사과나무의 수체 안정과 고품질의 과실을 생산하는데 더 우수한 방법임을 확인하였다.

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

The study was carried out to investigate effects of fertigation on the tree growth, fruit quality and yield in 4-year-old ‘Fuji’/M.26 apple trees for four years from 1996 to 1999. The treatments were prepared with liquid refining fertilizer (RF, N:P:K=10:5:7.5 ㎏/10a) and commercial liquid fertilizer, Polyfeed-52 (PF-52, N:P:K=17:8:26 ㎏/10a). The control (N:P:K=10:5:7.5 ㎏/10a) was prepared with nitrogen, potassium and phosphate. Nitrogen and potassium were applied 60% basal fertilizer and 40% side dressing. Phosphate was applied with 100% basal fertilizer for this experiment. The length of internode and the average length of shoot were shorter in RF and PF-52 treated apple trees, but there was no difference in the number of shoots and length of the terminal shoot. The average fruit weight was slightly heavier in the treatments than the control, but there was no difference in the fruit number among treatments. In addition, the content of soluble solids and hardness were higher in RF and PF-52 treatments. Fruit coloring in the treatment was much brighter than the control as Hunter ‘a’ value was higher and ‘b’ value was lower. Phosphate content in leaves was higher in RF and PF-52 treatment, and nitrogen, potassium, calcium and magnesium contents were not different. Nitrogen and potassium content in soil were a little bit changed through RF and PF-52 treatment, but those of the control was higher between June and September. The results indicated that fertigation seemed to be useful for the better coloration and increase of nutrient uptake efficiency in the production of fruits with high quality and stabilization of tree growth in ‘Fuji’/M.26 apple trees.

목차 (Table of Contents)

• Abstract
• 서언
• 재료 및 방법
• 결과 및 고찰
• 초록
• 인용문헌

참고문헌 (Reference)

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