문제해결학습에서 학습자의 선수지식 수준에 따른 Worked-Out Example(WOE) 정보 유형의 효과 연구 = The Effect of Faded Information Based on Learners’ Prior Knowledge in Problem-Solving Learning

국문 초록 (Abstract)

본 연구는 문제해결학습에서 학습자의 선수지식 수준에 따른 소거된 WOE 정보 유형이 인지부하와 문제해결력에 미치는 효과를 분석하고, 학습자의 선수지식을 고려한 효과적이고 효율적인 WOE 소거 전략을 제안하는 것을 목적으로 한다. 연구 참여자는 대학생 22명이었고, 연구 대상자는 선수지식 수준과 소거된 WOE 정보 유형에 따라 네 집단으로 나누어 문제해결학습을 진행하였다(선수지식 수준이 높고 ‘문제해결원리’ 정보가 소거된 WOE를 제공한 그룹, 선수지식 수준이 높고 ‘문제해결방법’ 정보가 소거된 WOE를 제공한 그룹, 선수지식 수준이 낮고 ‘문제해결원리’ 정보가 소거된 WOE를 제공한 그룹, 선수지식 수준이 낮고 ‘문제해결방법’ 정보가 소거된 WOE를 제공한 그룹). 학습이 끝난 후 인지부하와 문제해결력을 측정하여 이원분산분석을 실시하였다. 연구 결과에 의하면 선수지식이 높으면서 문제해결원리 정보가 소거된 WOE를 제공받은 그룹의 내재적, 외재적 인지부하가 가장 낮고 본유적 인지부하가 가장 높았으며 문제해결력도 가장 높았다. 반면 선수지식 수준이 낮으면서 문제해결방법 정보가 소거된 WOE를 제공받은 그룹의 내재적, 외재적 인지부하가 가장 높고 본유적 인지부하가 가장 낮았으며 문제해결력도 가장 낮았다. 이를 통해 선수지식 수준이 높은 경우 문제해결원리를 완성해 나가는 WOE 정보 유형이 효과적이며 선수지식 수준이 낮은 경우에도 문제해결방법을 소거한 WOE 보다는 문제해결원리를 소거한 WOE 정보 유형이 효과적이라는 것을 알 수 있었다.

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

The purpose of this study was to identify the effect of faded information based on learners’ prior knowledge, cognitive load and problem-solving competency in problem-solving learning. The participants were 22 university students who were divided into 4 groups based on level of prior knowledge and type of faded information: a high prior knowledge with faded principle worked-out example (WOE) group, a high prior knowledge with faded-method WOE group, a low prior knowledge with faded principle WOE group and a low prior knowledge with faded-method WOE group. After problem-solving learning, the participants’ cognitive load and problem-solving competency were analysed using two-way ANOVA. The high prior knowledge with faded principle WOE group showed the lowest extraneous load, the highest germane load and the highest problem-solving competency. In addition, the faded principle WOE type was effective on the low prior knowledge group. Based on these results, a faded information strategy that considers learners’ prior knowledge is important, and a faded principle WOE strategy is more effective than a faded-method WOE strategy for both novices and experts.

목차 (Table of Contents)

• Ⅰ. 서 론 Ⅱ. 이론적 배경 Ⅲ. 연구 방법 Ⅳ. 연구 결과 Ⅴ. 결론 및 제언

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