기능 자기공명 영상법으로 알아본 한글 단어에 대한 시각적 처리의 특성 = Functional MRI Study on perceptual processing of Korean words, Hangul by Korean native speakers

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

Even though the Korean words, Hangul, are characterized as phonemes like other alphabetic languages, their shape resembles more morphemes like Chinese characters. The main purpose of the study is to explore the neural mechanisms of reading Hangul and alphabetic (english) words by Korean native speaker using functional magnetic resonance imaging technique. In the results of our study, the activation pattern of reading english words looked similar to those with other previous studies. The activation pattern of reading Hangul is underlying similar mechanisms with those of english words at the general level. The significanlty different activation was indicated in the BA 8 of the frontal lobe. This area is known to be relevant with nonverbal higher order control or speicific visuospatial analysis and we suggest that the recognition of specific surface form of Hangul might be related with this activation.

국문 초록 (Abstract)

기능 자기공명영상 기법을 이용하여 한국인 피험자들의 한글 및 영어단어 인지에서 나타나는 두뇌활성화 패턴을 연구하였다. 연구의 주목적은 두 언어가 가진 형태적 차이에 의해 뇌의 활성화 영역이 달라지는지를 알아보는 것이었다. 동일한 의미의 쉬운 단어를 사용하여 실험을 진행하였고 뇌영상 정보를 얻었다. 실험 결과, 영어단어 인지의 경우 선행연구(Bookheimer, 2000)와 유사하게 뇌의 전반적인 영역에서 고른 활성화가 나타났다. 한글 단어 인지의 경우 영어 단어 인지와 유사하였지만, 전두엽 부분 중 BA 8 영역이 활성화되는 결과가 나타났다. 이 영역은 특수한 시각자극을 선택적으로 인지하는데 관여하고 있다고 알려져 있다(Halsband & Passingham, 1982). 본 연구의 결과는 한글이 가지고 있는 형태적 특징 (표음문자이지만 비선형 형태)이 BA 8영역을 활성화 한 것을 시사한다.

참고문헌 (Reference)

1 "한국어-영어 이중언어 문장 의미처리의 신경적 기초 기능적 자기공명 영상 연구" 16 (16): 61-75, 2004

2 "fMRI study comparing names versus pictures of objects" 16 : 168-175, 2002

3 "Visual lateralisation effect in reading chinese characters" 499-501, 1979

4 "The role of premotor and parietal cortex in the direction of action" 368-372, 1982

5 "The role of cerebral cortex in the generation of voluntary saccades Journal of Neurophysiology" 348-369, 1985

6 "The posterior cingulate and medial prefrontal cortex mediate the anticipatory allocation of spatial attention" 18 : 633-641, 2003

7 "The neural basis of the central executive systems of working memory" 279-281, 1995

8 "Prefrontal cortex and episodic memory retrieval mode." 97 : 506-511, 2000

9 "Planning and spatial-working memory: A positron emission tomography study in humans." 8 : 353-364, 1996

10 "Overlap and dissociation of semantic processing of Chinese characters evident from fMRI" 12 : 392-403, 2000

11 "Functional specialization for semantic and phonological processing in the left inferior prefrontal cortex" 10 : 15-35, 1999

12 "Functional anatomy of intra- and cross-modal lexical tasks" 16 : 7-22, 2002

13 "Functional MRI of language:New approaches to understanding the cortical organization of semantic processing" 25 : 151-88, 2002

14 "Dissociation of working memory processing associated with native and second languages: PET investigation" 15 : 879-891, 2002

15 "Cytoarchitectural characteristics of the frontal eye fields in the macaque monkeys Journal of Comparative Neurology" 415-427, 1989

16 "Co-Planar stereotaxic atlas of the human brain" & tour (& tour): 1988

17 "Brain mechanisms for reading the role of the superior temporal gyrus in word and pseudowords naming" 11 : 2442-2447, 2000

18 "Brain activation in the processing of Chinese characters and words: a functional MRI study." 10 : 16-27, 2000

19 "An fMRI study with written chinese" 12 : 83-88, 2001

20 "An area specialized for spatial working memory in human frontal cortex" 279 : 1347-1351, 1998

21 "A general theory concerning the prenatal origins of cerebral lateralization" 98 : 299-334, 1991